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Manufacturer of 



«. Galvanized Iron and Copper Gutters and Cornices, « 

Corrugated Iron Roofing and Iron Clapboarding, also Tin Roofing. Agt. 
for Austin's Patent Corrugated Expanding Water Conductors, Abend- 
roth & Root's Spiral Riveted Pipe, Pumps and Ash Barrels ; 
Steamboat, Locomotive and Boiler Stacks. 

29, 31 and 33 Union Street, - PORTLAND, MAINE. 

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'YACHT SAILS, HAWIOCKS, CANVAS COVERS, FIRE ESCAPES, ETC* 

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Portland, Old Orel7ard, 



Qape ^lizabetf; ar^d ^3500 Bay, 



WITH MAI'S AND ILLL STRA IIOXS. 



/ 

JOHX T. HULL, 



EDITOR AND P L B L I S H E K 




PORTLAND: 
Soi'THwoRTH Bros., Printers. 

l.'SbS. 



PREFAGE, 



This book has been prepared mainly to bring to the attention of the 
numerous visitors to the State of Maine during the summer season, the 
superior attractions and advantages that Portland and its \-icinity has as 
a pleasure and summer resort. 

"Oh! City of my heart! in dreams, 

Sweet dreams, I see thee as of yore. 
And catch thi- light's first early beams 

Glint over White Head"* roar." 

Preliminary, a succinct account of Portland was deemed necessarj-, in 
order that those who \isit us here may know something of our history for 
the past two hundred and fift)- years. 

The summer resorts of Maine are becoming more known year by year. 
Portland and Casco Bay have long been celebrated in story and song, and 
the information that is given in this book concerning "The city by the 
>ea," will, it is hoped.add new interest to them. The map that accompanies 
this work is an important feature of the same, showing clearly the position 
of Pordand as connected with the summer resorts of the \-icinity. From 
Old Orchard and Saco River on the west to Harpswell and the Kennebec 
River on the east, ever}- portion of this territory has charms and attractions 
for those who delight in cool retreats and sea breezes. The books that 
have heretofore been written concerning Portland and vicinity by the late 
John Xeal and Edward H. Elwell have been of interest and ad\-antage. 
and I am indebted to them for much valuable material. 

It is a great dissatisfaction to me that the illustrations in this work are 
so few in number. While negotiations were going on for the use of 
plates of others, they were all destroyed by fire and there was not time to 
prepare duplicates. The edition that I propose to publish ne.xt year will 

contain new illustrations prepared expressly for it. 

John T. Hill. 
Portland, Jlne. iSSS. 



lUbaSTRATlGNS. 



New Union Railroad Passenger Station on Congress 
Street, 

City Hall as it Appeared at the Centennial Celebration, 
July 4, 1886, 

Old City Hall as it Appeared at the Centennial Celebr 
TiON, July 4, 1886, 



Mechanics' Building, corner Casco and Con 

First Parish Church, Unitarian, 

St. Stephen's Church, Episcopal, 

Second Parish Church, Congregational, 

High Street Church, Congregational, 

Chestnut Street Methodist Episcopal Chi 

First Baptist Church, . • . . 

St. Dominic's Church (old), 

Kavanagh School and Bishop's Residence, 

Casco National Bank, .... 

Canal National Bank, 

Merchants' National Bank, 

Portland Savings Bank, 

Maine Savings Bank, .... 

Lincoln Park, 

Thomas Mansion as it Appeared at th 

Celebration, July 4, 1886, 
Portland Club House, Diamond Island, 
Westbrook Seminary, .... 
Evergreen Cemetery, .... 



gress Streets 



RCH, 



E Centennial 



Page. 
41 
50 

54 
66 

100 
102 
105 
107 
109 
III 

115 

116 
119 
121 
123 
129 

130 
168 

175 
210 
230 

2 "32 



CONTENTS. 



Pace*. 

Portland, Past and Pkeskn't. ...... 1-23 

Sewers, Bridges AND HoRSK Railr()\i)s. .... 24-27 
Transi'Ortation, .Mails, Caxals. Railroads. Ste\.mhoats, 

.Siiii'i'iNG. . . 2S-45 

Pro.menwdes. Cemeteries and Pl'blic Groi'xds. . . . 46-49 

PuHLic Buildings 5 '-57 

P'iRE Department, Gas Lights, Electric Lights. Telei'HO.nes 

AND Water Works, ....... 58-61 

l^L'HLic Schools and Other Kdccational Institctio.vs. . 62-70 

Newspapers, Past and Present, 7 '-77 

City, Cointv and L'nited States Offices. . . 78-80 
Theatres, Pcbl c Halls, Clubs, Secret and other Socie- 
ties, .......... 8 1-90 

Hospitals, Bene\'olent and Charitahle Organizations, 

Homes and Asylu.ms 9'-9- 

HoTELs, Restaurants and Boardin(; Houses, 93-9S 

Churches AND Religious Societies 99-"7 

Banks AND Bankers. 118-131 

Indusiriks. .\L\nueactures, Trade, ..... 132-139 

E.xpREss Co.MPANiKs, TuKET AfiENTs, Carriages, etc.. . . 140-142 

Historic Places 143-146 

Portland's Dlstinguished So.ns and Daughters, . . 147-149 

E.\tra(ts fro.m Old Newsi'Apers, 1792-1828. . . . 150-158 

Walks AND Drives AP.oUT Portland '59-177 

Latitude and LoNf.niDE of Portland. Elevation ok 

Churches, etc.. Distances to Popular Resorts, . 178-179 



CONTENTS. 



Pages. 
Casco Bay, Islands, Bays, etc. from Saco River to Ken- 
nebec River, Peak's Island, Cushing's Island, Dia- 
mond Island, House Island, Mackworth's Island, 
Long Island, Jewell's Island, Hope Island, Little 
Chebeague, Great Cheheague, Harpswell, Excur- 
sions, ETC., Cape Elizabeth, Scarboro, Old Orchard, 
Deering, Falmouth, Cumberland, Yarmouth, Free- 
port, Brunswick, .......". 180-240 

Appendix, 241 

Index, ........... 243 



Portland past ar^d present. 



'-^i^- 



^ 



f\ '^\{etQ\) of il:5 |^i$tory. 



■^^f HE history of Portland is an important part of the history 
of Maine. It is the metropolis of our State, the largest 
city in population, the most prominent in business and one 
of the finest as regards its location and the beautiful scenery in 
its vicinity. 

The first European who discovered and wrote about the ter- 
ritory now comprising Portland and Casco Bay was the famous 
Capt. John Smith. In 1614, leaving his vessel, he with eight 
men ranged the wliole coast from the Penobscot to Cape Cod. 
In his narrative he says, "westward of the Keitnchcl-e is tlie 
country of Aucocisco, in the bottom oJ' a large deep bay. full of 
many great Isles, which divide it into many good harbors." 
Smith on his return to England prepared a map of the country 
which he had visited, and gave it the name of New England. 
On this map he calls Casco Bay, "Harrington Bay," and Black- 
strap hill in Falmouth, near Portland, is named "Schootcr's 
Hill." 

The first settlement by whites that was made within the ter- 
ritory of what is now Portland, was by Christopher Levett. 
He came here from the Isle of Shoals, where he landed from 
England in 1623. His first visit to the mainland was to 
Piscataqua; from thence he coasted with two boats and ten 
men to Cape Elizabeth, Cacso Bay, and on to Bootlibay. He 



2 HULL S HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 

returned to Casco Bay, which he considered the best location 
for a settlement. On one of the islands near the entrance to 
the harbor (authorities differ as to which one) he built a stone 
house, fortified it and spent the winter and succeeding summer 
there. He left ten men in charge of his possessions while he 
went to England for his wife and family and other settlers. He 
never returned, and the men that he left scattered to other 
places on the coast ; and this, the first settlement, was aban- 
doned. 

The next who came were Cleeve and Tucker, who, ten 
years later, (1633), being driven from their lands at Spurwink, 
by John Winter, agent for Trelawney, removed to what was 
then called Casco Neck, now the City of Portland, and took 
possession of the soil without any title, and built their rude 
huts on the shore fronting the bay near the foot of the present 
Hancock street. Cleeve in 1637, in order to obtain a title to 
the land, went to England and obtained from Sir Ferdinand 
Gorges, the Lord Proprietor, a conveyance, in the shape of a 
lease for 2,000 years, of the peninsula comprising Portland 
together with all the land south of a line drawn from Capisic 
falls to the lower Presumpscot falls, which is now a part of the 
present towns of Peering and Falmouth, and also the present 
Hog or Diamond Island. Subsequently Cleeve in 1 643 visited 
England again and obtained from Sir Alexander Rigby, who 
claimed under the Dye Patent to own the property, a deed of 
the same tei-ritory as was conveyed to them by Gorges in 1637. 
All the lands in this territory are now held under these titles. 

Cleeve and Tucker sold out at different times their lands on 
the neck, at Back Cove, and on the Presumpscot river, to differ- 
ent parties. Tucker moved away to New Hampshire ; Cleeve 
remained, and after a life of turmoil and litigation died here in 
poverty, all his property having been parted with. The burial 
place of our first settler is unknown. Probably within the 
precincts of the present Eastern Cemetery rest his ashes with 
others of the fathei'S of the town, where there are no memori- 
als of the places of their interment. Before his death he sold 



HULLS HAXD-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 6 

his homestead lot including- what is now Munjoy Mill to dolm 
Phillips of Boston, whose daughter married George Munjoy, 
from whence comes the name "Munjoy Hill." 

Massachusetts as early as 1652 claimed possession of Maine, 
but the claim was resisted by many of the inhaljitants. In 
1678 she purchased of the Gorges heirs for the sum of £1,250 
sXl their interests in the Province and obtained full title and 
possession thereof. In 1659 the boundary lines of a town 
reaching on the coast from Scarboro to North Yarmouth and 
including many of the islands in Casco Bay was established by 
a commission appointed l:)y Massachusetts, and the town named 
Palmouth, after an ancient town in England. These boundary 
lines still exist at the pi-esent time, and the territory then called 
Old Falmouth now includes the towns of Cape Elizabeth, Port- 
land, Deering, Westbrook and Falmouth. 

The Indian wars that existed in Maine from 1670 to 1720 were 
the scourge of Falmouth. Its exposed situation as a frontier 
town made it the principal point of attack by the savage foes 
and their French allies. At this day it is difficult to believe 
that on this peninsula where now are our pleasant homes and 
marts of business — that here were heard savage war wlioops ; 
that amid the smoke of flaming homes our fathers, who fought 
under the red cross of St. George, met in hand (o hand encoun- 
ter those who served under the banner of the French King. 

At the connnencement of the war of 1675 there were but five 
families on the neck (now Portland,) viz : Thomas Brackett, 
Thaddeus Clark, George Munjoy. his son John, George Bur- 
: roughs the minister, who afterwai'd, as one of the victims of the 
witchcraft delusion, was himg at Salem. The next year, 1676, 
Casco, as it was then called, was sacked by the Indians. Thirty 
four persons were killed or carried away as captives. Thomas 
Brackett, Isaac Wakely and John Munjoy were killed upon the 
neck; Thomas Brackett's family were taken captives. The 
remainder escaped to Andrews, now Cushing's island, where 
they protected themselves until a force was sent from Boston 
for their relief 



4 HULL S HAND-BOOK OP PORTLAND. 

Falmouth remained desolate during the remainder of the war. 
A treaty of peace was made here with the Indians, April 12, 
1678, and the settlers returned to their former homes. Others 
came with them. One of prominence was George Bramhall or 
Brimhall, who purchased land in the vicinity of the hill that 
now bears his name. Massachusetts having perfected its title 
to the Province of Maine, established a government over it, and 
appointed Thomas Danforth of Boston, President of Maine. 
Fort Loyall at the foot of the present India street where the 
G. T. R. passenger station is, was built in 1680; and in Sep- 
tember of that year President Danforth came and held a Court 
at this fort, established a municipal government, and laid out 
and assigned lots to settlers. This is the first record that is 
known of any government to the town. In 1681 a special 
agreement was entered into between the government and Mrs. 
Munjoy, widow of Geo. and daughter of John Phillips, by 
which the title to Munjoy Hill was secured to her and her heirS' 
Her husband George Munjoy having died in 1680, she the same 
year married Capt. Robert Lawrence, who built a stone house, 
used afterwards as a fort, on Munjoy Hill near the present 
observatory. 

The character of the inhabitants of the town at this period 
of its history was of a superior order. There were among 
them Pierre Baudouin, who came from France and subse- 
quently established himself in Boston and was the ancestor of 
the Bowdoin family so well known in Massachusetts history, 
one of whom w^as a liberal benefactor of the college that bears 
his name. Stephen Boutineau his son-in-law also came with 
him. Other French protestants, who left France on account of 
the revocation of the edict of Nantes, accompanied them and 
sought refuge in Falmouth. Besides these there were George 
Burroughs the minister before referred to, Thaddeus Clark, the 
Bracketts, Silvanus Davis, George Bramhall, Edward Tyng and 
others. The town during the interval of ten years between the 
Indian wars had a rapid growth. In 1686 there was a popula- 
tion of about seven hundred in the whole town, about twenty- 



HULLS HAXD-IiOOK OF l'( )I;ti,.\XI>. 5 

five families being resident on the neck. In 168<s another 
Indian war began. The Indians inthienced l)y the French com- 
mitted outrages. Tlie iirst blood was spilt at North Yarmouth. 
The ^fassachusetts government under Sir Edward Andros insti- 
tuted vigorous measures. Six liundred tr(i()])s were sent into 
Maine and garrisons established at dillerent points. Sixty 
were stationed at Fort Loyal. On the overthrow of Andros in 
Boston these soldiers were withdrawn and the inhabitants of 
Falmouth left to their own resources. In the spring and 
summer of 1G89 the fort was nearly abandoned. In the fall of 
the same year the inhal)itants made urgent calls for assistance, 
and ^lajor Church a celel)rated warrior was sent to the east 
with troops. September 17tli, 1689, 0. S., which is e(|uivalent 
in the pi-csent time to Sept. 28th, a large body ot Indians, lour 
hundred in number, who had learned of the defenceless situa- 
tion of the town, landed at Peaks Island and made preparations 
to attack the town. Two days after, amid tlie shadows of the 
evening, Major Church with his detachment of soldiers from the 
eastward sailed into the harbor and after dark lauded his forces 
at the foot of Broad, now India stre^^t, to the gi-eat relief of 
the distressed inhabitants. During the dark hours of the night 
the force of Indians sailed in their canoes from Peaks Island, 
round Munjoy Hill, across the waters of Back Cove, and lauded 
near where the Portland Stone Ware Company's works now 
are, and advancing up the hill took a position on the Brackett 
farm near where now the Deering mansion is situated. This 
was on the moniing of September 21st, O. S.. uew. (October 2d. 
The Indians were disco\ei'ed l)y some of the Brackett family, 
who notilied the inlial)itants in town, and the English forces 
were hurried to the attack, which was begun in \]\o forenoon. 
The battle lasted all day and was fought mostly in the woods 
adjacent to and in, the present Deering Park. Major Churcirs 
forces were aided by volunteers from the towns jieople. among 
whom was the minister George Burroughs who is mentioned 
as having done great service. From his size and strength he 
must have been a valiant ti<»:hter ajjainst the savajjre foes. Four 



b HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 

hundred Indian foes led by French officers contended with a 
much smaller force of whites and friendly Indians. At sunset 
the Indians retreated carrying off their dead and wounded. 
Their loss was unknown. The English loss was about eleven 
killed and ten wounded. The battle may be considered from 
the numbers engaged in it to have been the most important one- 
that ever took place on the soil of Maine. It is the intention 
of the Park Commissioners to soon cause to be placed in Deer- 
ing Park a suitable memorial stone to commemorate this impor- 
tant battle. 

The people of Falmoutli felt relieved after this failure of the 
attack upon their town, but foreseeing as they did the proba- 
bility of another attempt in the spring, they were desirous to 
withdraw to some place of safety and abandon the place ; Major 
Church, howev^er, prevailed upon them to remain, giving them 
assurances that in the spring he would come to their assistance 
with a large body of soldiers. He left a garrison of eighteen 
men at Fort Loyall, and sixty soldiers who were to be quar- 
tered in different parts of the town. The people passed an 
anxious and quiet winter not knowing of the calamity that was 
to befall them. During that winter the French authorities at 
Quebec were engaged in fitting out three expeditions, that were 
to destroy the English in New York and New England. One 
of these parties was destined for the destruction of Casco. It 
left Quebec in January, 1689-90 under the command of Port- 
neuf On the Kennebec they were joined by the party under 
the command of Hertel Avho had destroyed Salmon Falls, and 
also by a force of the Penobscot tribe commanded by the Baron 
De Castine and his father-in-law Madocawando. There these 
parties united as one, with Portneuf as its leader, proceeded on 
their way to the attack on Casco about the first of May,. 
1690. They came into Casco bay from the Kennebec river by 
the way of Merry Meeting bay and New Meadows river and 
rendezvoused on one of the larger islands. They were first 
seen in this vicinity about the beginning of May and their 
appearance caused great alarm among the inhabitants. The 



HULLS PL\ND-I500K OF PORTLAND. 7 

soldiers at Fort Loyall had nearly all deserted or been with- 
drawn, so that a small number remained for the defence of the 
town. These few soldiers were placed under the command of 
Capt. Silvanus Davis a resident of the town who had been 
placed in chart^e of the fort. Capt. Davis had appealed to 
Massachusetts for aid but none was granted, and the poor 
inhabitants were left to defend themselves. On the night of 
the I4tli of May, 0. 3., the French and Indians landed at the 
northeast part of Munjoy Hill at a place then as now called 
Indian Cove and secreted themselves in the woods. On the 
morning of the loth a party of them went up to the top of the 
hill and concealed themselves in the bushes not far from where 
the present observatory now is. They were discovered by the 
whites, and about noon a party was sent from Fort Loyall 
under the command of Lieut. Clariv to dislodge them. His 
party was led into an ambush by the Indians and he and most 
of the others were killed. The rest escaped into the Lawrence 
Garrison House near Ijy. On the morning of the 16th of May, 
0. S., the attack upon Fort Loyall began. All the liouses in 
the vi('inity which had Iteen abandoned, the inhal)itants having 
all retired within the palisades of the fort, were set on fire. 
After a brilliant defence of three days the fort surrendered to 
the French and Indians on the promise of quarter ))eing given 
them, which promise was violated. The prisoners taken were 
delivered over to the Indians by whom most of them were 
cruelly murdered ; Capt Davis and thirteen others were carried 
away captives to Quel)cc where they were well ti-eated. He 
and most of the others were exchanged. Some of them never 
returned. Among the killed were John Parker and his son 
James, who had taken refuge at Fort Loyall, being driven from 
their homes on the Kennebec by the Indians. John I'arker 
was the great, great grandfather of the late Isaac Parker. Chief 
Justice of Massachusetts. 

The capture and destruction of Fort Loyall and Casco was 
the second time that such a disaster had happened to the town. 
The Massachusetts government abandoned the fort as a means 



HULL S HAND-BOOK OF POETLAXD. 

of defence and built anotlier in 1700 at New Casco on the 
Falmouth shore, near where the summer residence of Judge 
Goddard is now situated. This was attacked by the French 
and Indians in 1703. They were repulsed by the garrison and 
an armed provincial vessel which arrived during the j^rogress 
of the seige. In 1716 the fort was demolished and Major 
Samuel Moody who was its commander removed to the neck 
(now Portland.) He with others commenced the re-settlement 
of the town which had lain in waste since 1690. After the 
peace of 1713, made by the Indians at Portsmouth and Fal- 
mouth, the old inhabitants and their representatives began to 
return to their abandoned homes. New ones came with them 
and began to take up the unoccupied lands. Much confusion 
existed between the old owners and tlie new settlers respecting 
land titles. By a decision of the Supreme Court made in Boston 
in 1731, the rights of the old proprietors were established. 
This judgment settled the controversy and led to an amicable 
arrangement between the old and new proprietors. Indian 
treaties were made in 1726. In 1727, the Governor of Massa- 
chusetts with a delegation of prominent men from Massachusetts 
and New Hampshire held a conference with representatives of 
the different tribes of Indians in a spacious tent on Munjoy 
Hill, where articles of peace were agreed upon and the Indian 
wars Avere for a long time ended. In 1721, the construction 
of a nieetiug liouse was commenced on the northwest corner of 
what is now India and Middle streets, and Rev. Thomas Smith 
was in 1727 chosen as the minister of the town, in which capac- 
ity he continued till his death in 1795. He lived until 1775 in 
the house built for him by the town, which was situated on the 
present Congress street, opposite the head of India. At the 
time the town was burnt by Mo watt in 1775 this house was 
destroyed. He afterwards lived in a house on the northeast 
corner of Wihnot and Congress streets, which was burnt in the 
fire of 1866. An important event in the history of the town 
was the capture of Louisburg, Cape Breton, from the French by 
an expedition sent from Boston. A company from Falmouth 



Hllj/s llAXD-IKiiiK Ol' I'OKTI.AXD. 9 

was enmiued in it. After the close of" the destructive Indian 
wars the neck, now Ponhind. liecann,' the seat ot" extensive 
business operations. The line forests in the vicinity became a 
source of wealth. Numerous saw mills were constructed. 
Lumber and nuists for the English navy were the ])rincii)al 
exports. Ship yards were established and the building of 
vessels became a lucrative l)usiness. 

At the commencement of the revolution the large majority 
of the people supported the ])oi)ular side. Some, howevei-. of 
the most prominent and influential citizens adhered to the 
crown. They were generally termed loyalists, and stigmatized 
as tories. After hostilities began they were obliged to leave 
and find homes elsewhere. Some went to England, others to 
the wilds of New Brunswick. Tyng, Wyer, Pote, Wiswell, 
Oxnard, Pagan, Cummings, Coulson, were names of prominent 
loyalists. After the battle of Lexington one or more compan- 
ies of volunteers were sent from this town to the continental 
army, which surrounded Boston. The chief command of the 
Masssachusetts forces Avas oft'ered to Gen. Jediah Pi-eble of this 
town but he decline(l on account of age. The (leterniiiieil part 
taken by the town excited the ire of the British military author- 
ities at Boston, and Admiral Graves, who then commanded the 
naval forces there, gave orders to Capt. Mowatt for the destiuc- 
tion of the ])lace. On the Itbh of October, 177"). Cai)t. 
Mowatt — who had visited Falmouth the May previous, when he 
was arrested by the militia and kept a pi-isoner a short time — 
arri\-e(l at ihe mouth of the hai'lnir with his shiji the Oanceau. 
another ship calh'il ilie Cat. two schooners and a lioinlt sloop. 
On the afternoon of the 17th the vessels came iiji and foriue<l 
a line in the harlior opjjosite the foot of Kijig (now India) 
street. Capt. Mowatt sent a letter on shore to the Selectmen 
informing the inhaltitants that he had lieen sent to execute a 
just punishment on the town of Falmouth, and allowing them but 
two hours to remove themselves and faniili<'s from the scene of 
danger. On the receipt of Ca|)t. Mowatt's letter the people of 
the town assembled and appointed Gen. Preltle. Dr. Coffin 



10 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

and Robert Pa,o-an, all members of the Church of England, a 
committee to wait upon him and see if the danger could be 
averted. Capt. Mowatt informed them that his orders were 
peremptory, and must be obeyed. At the earnest entreaty of 
the committee he postponed their execution until the next 
morning on the condition of the delivery to him of certain 
small arms. At nine and a half o'clock the next morning the 
firing commenced from the vessels in front of the town and was 
kept up without cessation till six o'clock in the evening. In 
the meantime parties landed from the vessels and set fire to the 
buildings. One hundi-ed and thirty-six houses, a new court 
house, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, the Town House, the 
Custom House, a fire engine, every store and warehouse, all 
the wharves but one or two, all the vessels in the harbor, were 
burnt. About one hundred houses were not burnt. The First 
Parish meeting house, which stood at the head of Temple on 
Back (now Congress) street, was also saved from destruction. 
The estimated value of the property destroyed was about 
£55,000. 

This third destruction of the town Avould be supposed to 
have been fatal to its further growth and prosperity. During 
the continuance of the war but little was done. The houses 
that were not destroyed were occupied. Some fortifications 
were constructed for the defence of the town from war vessels. 
Its exposed situation and the uncertainties as to the contin- 
uance or results of the war prevented any improvement in the 
growtli or business of the place. I'he surrender of Cornwallis 
in 1781 was hailed with i-ejoicing; and when two years later 
peace was declared and the last remnant of royalty departed 
and the thirteen colonies took their place as one of the nations 
of the world, the work of rebuilding the town and the improve- 
ment of the place was commenced by its citizens with vigor and 
industry. Under the new order of things the people became 
dissatisfied with their connection with the town of Falmouth, 
and after some two years of agitation, July 4, 1786, the new 
town of Portland was incorporated. The name was an old 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND, 11 

one, IxMiiu- the earliest Eimlisli name by wliich Bang's (now 
Cusliing's) island and the adjacent headland on Cape Elizal)eth 
were called. The population of the new town was about 2,000, 
and nearly all were contained within the territory now bounded 
by Center and India streets, Congress street and tlic liai-bor. 
Tlie nunil)er of buildings built since the wai- was as follows: in 
17S4, ()0: in 1785, 33; in 1786, 16; no record from 17SG to 
1791. Fifteen wharves pushed into the harbor from Fore street, 
none of which now retain their former names. The trade from 
Portland Avas mostly with the West Indies. In 1786 there 
were 68 arrivals, 58 of them from foreign ports; 90 clearances, 
87 of them for foreign ports. New settlers largely from Massa- 
chusetts, comprising some of the l)est Vdood of that common- 
wealth, came here, and the town increased in population and 
wealth froui this period to the time of the embargo which was 
a severe blow to the prosperity of Portland. The statistics of 
navigation show that in 1787 there was not a ship owned in the 
town; thai in 17S!), the number of tons was about 5,000 ; in 
1793, 1 1,173 tons, consisting of 1 .') ships, 44 brigs, 23 schooners 
and 20 sloops. In 1807 it had risen to 39,009 tons; l)ut from 
this time, (the embargo) it fell off and did not recover until 
after the peace with Great Britain in iJ^lo. In 1790 the whole 
anioimt of duties received at the Custom House was but S8,109 ; 
in 1801, it was $204,333 and in 1806 it was $342,909. 

In 1785 was l)uilt the lirst l)rick house in Portland. This 
was the NVailswoitli house, afterwai'ds t!ie home of ihc j)oet 
Longfellow. It is slill standing, the next house adjoining 
the Prclde House on Congress street. It was two years in 
building; the walls were twenty inches thick, of molded brick, 
which were made on what is eaUed the meadow road in the 
present town of Deering. l)etweeii Allen"s and Lunfs Corners. 
The workmen who constructed this lirst lniek house were 
Joseph Nichols, Benjamin Sawyer and Saumel Knight. The 
first brick store was built in 171'') at the corner of Fore and 
Exchange streets. It was burned in the fire of istiii. The 
first block of brick houses built in Portland was on School 



12 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

street, now Pearl, opposite the old St. Paul's Church. It 
was burnt in the great fire of 1866. In 1793 Union and Long 
wharves were constructed. In 1793-94 anticipated troubles 
growing out of the complications between France and England 
caused the town authorities to take some action concerning 
the defences of the town. At that time there was not a gun 
mounted nor a fort constructed to defend the place against 
invasion. Congress having made an appropriation for the 
purpose, an engineer was sent here, and the fort on the 
brow of Munjoy Hill, known as Fort Sumner, was constructed. 
Why a fort was constructed in such a place to defend Portland 
is a mystery. It was found necessary afterwards during the 
war of 1812-15 to erect batteries nearer the water. 

The business of Portland was, during this period and later, 
largely the exportation of lumber to the West Indies, the 
importation of molasses from there, and its manufacture into 
New England Rum. There were at one time seven distiller- 
ies running here, and the surplus not used in this State 
was shipped by coastwise vessels to JJoston and New York. 
During the Napoleonic wars and up to the embargo of 1806 a 
large carrying trade was done by Portland vessels from the 
West Indies and southern ports to Europe. Many of these 
vessels were captured by French privateers, and the descendants 
of their owners are now endeavoring to substantiate their 
claims under the French Spoliation Act. 

During the European wars and up to 1806 the merchants of 
Portland grew wealthy, as was evinced by the mansions which 
some of them built, — many of them now remaining, — aad the 
luxury in which they lived. The passage of the embargo act 
was ruinous to the business of Portland. A great demonstra- 
tion against the measure was gotten up in Poi'tland by the 
Federalists, which party was in a majority in the town. 
October 25, 1807, Commodore Edward Preble died, and his 
funeral took place two days later. It was a most impressive 
pageant, such as never before was witnessed in Portland. He 
at the time of his death lived in a laro-e wooden house on 



HULLS ILVXD-JJOOK UF i'UUTLAND. 13 

^[i(l<lle street, afterwards the Casco House, and from which the 
funeral took ))hice. It is now occupied by the Casco Bank 
lUiilding. His remains rest under a handsome monument in 
the Eastern Cemetery. 

At the dechiration of the war of 1812 the principal industry 
of Portland, commerce, had, since the embaru'o, been paralyz- 
ed, and as a consequence tlie liai-ltor contained iiunu'rous dis- 
mantled merchantmen, and many idle officers and men who 
were out of employment. Letters of marque were issued and 
a number of privateers were built and put to sea commanded 
by some of Portland's able captains. They met with varied 
success in their cruises against the enemy. Among the most 
efficient and successful privateers owned in Portland was the 
brig Dash. She was of two liundrcd and twenty-two tons 
burden, pierced for sixteen guns. Her last cruise was a sad 
one. She sailed from here January 1815 in command of Capt. 
John Porter, his two brothers being first and second officers. 
The crew were from some of the best families in town. The 
l)rig Mas never lieard from. Siie went down witli all on Ijoard 
in a ii'ale that she encountered on the Georges Banks. 

One of th<' nuMiiorable events of tlie war of 1812, was the 
naval engagement between the British brig Boxer and the 
American brig Enterprise, which took place near Portland, and 
in which the two commanders were killed, and now lie side by 
side in our Eastern Cemetery. 

"The dead captains as they lay 
In their graves o'er looking the tranquil bay 
Where they in battle died."" 

During the continuance of the war of IS 12-15 the exposed 
situation of Portland caused great anxiety among its citizens, 
and measures were taken for its defense. Its forts and bat- 
teries were manned with regular soldiers and volunteers. Forts 
Scammell and Preble at the entrance to the harbor, which were 
built liefore the war, were strengthened. Two new batteries 
at the northeast extremity of Munjoy Hill, named Forts Allen 
and Lawrence, were hastily constructed, one on Sunday (Long- 



14 hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 

fellow was one of those who took a part in the building of these 
fortifications) on an alarm being given that a British fleet was 
in the offin-^. In September 1815 the militia of the counties 
of Cumberland and Oxford were ordered to repair to Portland 
for the defence "of the town. They numbered between six and 
seven thousand and were in camp on Munjoy Hill and other 
places some two weeks. After the war closed and peace was 
declared, business revived in Portland, and as before, the 
lumber business was the principal industry closely connected as 
it was with commerce and ship building. The separation of 
Maine from Massachusetts took place in 1820, and Portland 
became the capital of the new State, which it remained till 1832 
when Augusta was chosen as the seat of government. In 1817 
President Monroe visited Portland. He was received at 
Stroudwater bridge, escorted into town and had a fine recep- 
tion, the streets being decorated with arches. He was enter- 
tained at the Mathew Cobb house (still standing) at the corner 
of High and Free streets. The next day he visited Fort Preble, 
being rowed from Union wharf in a barge. On his return he 
ascended to the top of the observatory, from whence he had a 
view of the harbor and Casco Bay where hundreds of islands 
scattered over the face of the waters, by their romantic beauty, 
present to the eye the picture of a fairy land. A public dinner 
was given him, and in the evening he held a reception at the resi- 
dence of Hon. Asa Clapp, on the corner of Elm and Congress 
streets (now standing.) Delegations from different towns in 
the State visited him to induce him to extend his journey to 
their localities. He, however, left the next day for New Hamp- 
shire and Vermont. The visit of Lafayette in June, 1825, was 
an important occasion in the history of the town. A grand 
reception was given. him, the streets were decorated with arches. 
A military and civic procession of great length escorted him. 
The children of the town schools were in line on Free street, 
the girls with wreaths of roses, and the boys with the motto on 
their hats ''Welcome Lafayette." On a platform in front of the 
State House on the corner of Myrtle and Congress streets, the 



lULl/s IIAXD-KOOK OF PORTLAND. 15 

site of the present City Hall, lie held a reception and many of 
the oflicers and soldiers of the revolutionary war were intro- 
duced to him; some Avere recoo-nized by him. A (iiiniei' was 
given him at Union Hall ami in llie evening a levee took place 
at the residence of Gov. Parris on Danfortli street. 

The first directory was published in 1823: the number ot 
names which it contained was 1836. The i)0[)ulati()n at that 
time was about 9.000. The directory for 1888 contains 11.701) 
names. 

MUNICIPAL GOVP:RNMf:NT. 

Portland liecamc a city in 1832, tlic lirst in the State. The 
agitation on tlic subject began in 1822, Ijut the ojiposition to 
the measure defeated it each year it was proposed until its 
friends succeeded in canying it. Andrew L. Emerson was 
elected the first Mayor. He resigned before his year expired. 
The following has been the succession of Mayors : Andrew L. 
Emerson, 1832, resigned and died in his first year; Jonathan 
Dow, elected to fill the vacancy; John Anderson, 1833; Levi 
Cutter, 1834-1840; James C.Churchill, 1841 ; John Anderson, 
1842; Eliphalet Greely, 1843-1848; James B Cahoon, 1849 
1850, 1853, 1854; Neal Dow, 1851, 1855; A.lbion K. Parris 
1852; James T. McCobb, 1856; William Willis, 1857; Jede- 
diah Jcwett, 1858, 1859; Joseph Howard, 1860; Wm. W. 
Thomas, 1861, 1862 ; Jacob McLcllan. 1863, 1864, 1865, 1868; 
Augustus E. Stevens, 1866, 1867 ; Wm. L. Putman. 1869 ; Ben- 
jamin Kingsbury, 1870, 1871, 1872 ; George P. Wescott, 1873; 
1874; Boswell ^l. Richardson, 1875; Francis Fessenden, 1876; 
Moses M. Butler, 1877, 1878, George Walker, 1879: William 
Senter, 1880, 1881; Charles F. Libby, 1882; John W. Deer- 
ing, 1883, 1885; Martinis F. King, 1884; Charles J. Chai-man. 
188(;. 1887, 1888. 

MILITARY COMI'ANIES. 

The exposed situation of the town and the lialiility to attacks 
from the savages in its earlier history, the patriotic part taken 
bv its inhabitants in tlic wars of the revolution and of I'^Pi, 



16 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

were the means of keeping alive a martial spirit and the 
formation of military companies. A company raised in this 
town took part in the capture of Louisburg in 1745. Also, 
soldiers from here were in the Provincial army at the capture 
of Quebec in 1759. On the reception of the news of the battle 
of Lexington a company was immediately raised here and 
marched to Cambridge. Subsequently during the war other 
companies were raised and joined the Continental army. In 
1779 a company was raised under the command of Capt. Peter 
Warren which formed part of the ill-fated Bagaduce expedi- 
tion. After the Revolutionary war was closed and peace 
declared there were for some years no military organizations. 
Anticipations of hostilities with European powers caused, near 
the commencement of the present century, several new indepen- 
dent military companies to be organized, composed of our best 
citizens, many of whom had seen service in the Revolution- 
ary war. Their names and organizations continued as long 
as the militia system of the State existed. They were the 
Portland Light Infantry, the Portland Mechanic Blues, the 
Portland Rifle Corps, and the Portland Artillery. During the 
war of 1812 these companies went into active service in defence 
of the town. The most distinguished of these companies from 
the prominence and character of its members was the Portland 
Rifle Corps. A military system outside of these companies 
existed by which the town was divided into wards, and a 
un-uniformed company raised in each. They were required to 
train twice a year. The officers only had uniforms, the rank 
and file appeared in all sorts of costumes and presented a 
grotesque appearance. These were nicknamed "String-beaners," 
and on parade and muster days they caused a good deal of 
amusement to the boys who followed them. The parades gen- 
erally took place on Munjoy Hill, near the observatory, the 
officers generally dining at Moody's. Ardent spirits were 
common, and rows and fights generally closed the day. At the 
time of the so called Aroostook war in 1839, a draft took place 
in Portland and a battallioa of troops started from here for the 



hull's IIAXD-IJOOK of PORTLAND. 17 

scene ot" war. TIh'v. Iiowcnci'. ])r<)(X'c(l(.'(l only to AiiGCUsta and 
retunicd lionie in •! short time and iX'ceivi-d all llic i:-lory of 
that brief cami)ai«in. In ls4;i the State al)olisliecl (_'Oiiipulsory 
trainings and the nnlitia system uenerally died out. Tlie Inde- 
pendent companies jjrevioiisly mentioned ke\)\ ii[) their organi- 
zations, however, and two new companies called the Portland 
Light Guards and Portland Rifle Guards were added. All but 
two of them were in existence at the time of the rebellion in 
1861 and formed tlie nucleus of the companies from tliis city 
which took part in that struggle. 

POLITICAL. 

The politics of Portland have always been conservative. 
Succeeding the Eevolutionary war and during the war of 1812 
it was a Federal town. Subse([uently. and uj) to the formation 
of the Repuldican i)arty, it was strongly Whig. It is now a 
Repul)lican city. The Anti-slavery cause in its earliest days 
did not obtain nmch hold in this community. Its meetings 
were broken up and its speakers mobbed. The old City Hall 
was the scene of many boisterous gatherings. After 1850 
these meetings were not interrupted and ''free speech" was 
allowed to all who advocated the emancipation of the slave. 
Its prominent leaders were often here. Garrison, Pillsbury, 
Fessenden. Raymond, Sumner and others held meetings, and the 
old City Hall often reverlierated to the applause of the audi- 
ence. 

PROIIIBITIOX PM!TV. 

The State of Maine was the first State in the Union to 
prohibit the sale of intoxicating licpiors and pass the statute, 
familiarly known as the -Maine law." The prominent actors 
in having tliis law enacted resided here. Gen. James Appleton, 
Neal Dow, — world known, and Avho now resides here and is 
eighty-four years of age, — and other residents of this town, for 
years previous were engaged in educating public opinion in the 
State to the necessity of such a law. It is still on the Statute 
book, more stringent in its provisions than ever. Its friends 



18 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

claim that in the State at large it has proved a success. This 
is denied by its opponents. It raiist be obvious to all that it is 
a law very difficult to enforce, especially in the larger cities 
and towns. 

POPULATION OF PORTLAND 

at diiierent periods has been as follows: in 1790, 2,240; in 
1800, 3,704: in 1810, 7,169 ; in 1820, 8,581 : in 1830, 12,601 ; 
in 1840, 15,218; in 1850, 20,879; in 1860, 26,342; in 1870, 
31,418; in 1880; 33,810. It is supposed now to be about 
35,000. The larger part of the adjacent towns of Cape 
Elizabeth and Deering are so closely connected with Portland 
in its interests and business that as suburbs of Portland their 
population should be added to that of the city, which would 
give within a radius of five miles of the City Hall forty thou- 
sand people. Annexation schemes are ripening and within a 
few years it may be that all this territory having common 
interests may become one in government. 

THE REBELLION. 

After the election of Lincoln in 1860 the movements of the 
secessionists at the South caused a great deal of sensation in 
this community. The timid were frightened and the conserva- 
tive element was disposed to make great concessions in order to 
avoid war. A public meeting was held here January 26, 1861, 
and compromise resolutions were passed. When, however. Fort 
Sumter was fired upon, April 12, 1861, the indignation of the 
people was aroused and all parties united to sustain the govern- 
ment and defend the Union. The day succeeding the call of 
the President for 75,000 troops a full company had been raised 
here and tendered to the State authorities. It was within the 
precincts of the old City Hall that the first soldier from Maine 
enlisted in defence of the country, and from there the first 
company in this State went forth to the war. These incidents 
alone ought to preserve this old building from demoliton. The 
companies that were formed in Portland at that time and 
became part of the First Regiment, of three months volunteers. 



hull's MAXD-HOOK of I'ORTLAXD. 19 

and were inu.stered into the service ol' the United States by 
Maj. Gardiner, were as follows: Co. A, Portland Light lulantry. 
Ca]>t. AUiion Withani; Co. B. Porlhind Mechanic BlueS; Capt. 
Oeorire G. Bailey; Co. C, Portland Light Guards, Capt. ^f R. 
Fessenden ; Co. D, Portland Kille Corps, Capt. Chas. H. 
Meserve ; Co. E, Portland Rifle Guards, Capt. Wm. M. Shaw ; 
Co. I, Portland Rifle Guards (second company,) Capt. William 
M. Quimby. On succeeding calls for three years' men, three 
companies were raised here for the Fifth Regiment, viz : Co. F, 
Capt. George P. Sherwood ; Co. G, Capt. Henry G. Thomas ; 
Co. H. Capt. Mark H. Dunnell. — For the Seventh Regiment : 
Co. G, Capt. Chas. H. Gilman. — Tenth Regiment : Part of the 
First Regiment re-organized, and afterwards re-organized as 
tiie Twenty-Ninth Regiment: Co. B, Capt. Walker; Co. E, 
Capt. Estes; Co. I. Capt. Nehemiah T. Furbish.— Twelfth 
Regiment: Co. B, Capt. Geo. II. Chadwell ; Co. G, Capt. 
Robinson; Co. I, Capt. M. R. Fessenden. — Thirteenth Regi- 
ment : Co. F, Capt. Chas. R. March ; Co. G, Capt. John L. 
Sawyer. — First Maine Cavalry: Co. F, Capt. Nathan Mayhew. 
— Seventeenth Regiment : Co. A, Capt. Wm. H. Savage ; Co. B, 
Capt. George W. Maitin ; Co. E, Capt. Ellis M. Sawyer. For 
nine months' ]-egiments. viz : Twenty-Fifth, Co. A, Capt. Frank 
L. Jones; Co. il, Charles C. Chase. For Thirty-Second Regi- 
ment (three years) ; Co. H, Capt. George H. Chadwell. All 
during the war enlistments were going on in this city for the 
regiments in the field. According to the official reports Port- 
land furnished during the war for the army and navy. 8,()36 men. 
The bounties paid l»y the city aiiiounted to $.">20.11(;. Aid to 
dei»(Mident families and volunteers, $105,473. 3.5. The amount 
contributed to the sanitary commission and otlnM- bcncvol.Mit 
agencies exceeded the sum of $100,000. 

TACONV AFl-AIR. 

One of ilu' incidents connected with the war of the rebellion 
in which the people of Portland took an active jtart. was the 
seizure of the U. S. Revenue Cutter Caleb Cashing by a party 



20 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

of the rebels under command of Lieut. Read of the Confed- 
erate Navy, June 26, 1863, and their capture and imprison- 
ment. Off the coast Lieut. Read had abandoned and burned 
the Tacony, a barque in which he was committing depredations 
on American vessels, and transferred himself and party to a 
small fishing schooner called the Archer, which he had taken. 
She sailed for Portland intending to set fire to shipping in 
Portland Harbor, and also to cut out the Revenue Cutter, Caleb 
Cushing, lying in the stream fitted out for a cruise after the 
Tacony. About sunset the Archer anchored to the eastward of 
Pomeroy's rock off" Fish Point. Towards morning Lieut. Read 
and his party boarded and captured the Cutter, weighed anchor 
and towed her out of the harbor by Hussey's Sound, there being 
but little wind. They became becalmed near the Green Islands 
about fifteen miles off". 

At half past seven o'clock in the morning the Cutter's 
capture was discovered from the observatory on Munjoy Hill ; 
also some fishermen came to the city and reported the same. 
The news spread like wild fire and immediate measures were 
taken for pursuit. Steamers were at once taken and pressed 
into service by the city and military equipments, provisions, 
arms and ordinance placed on board. The steamer Chesapeake 
was barricaded with bales of cotton. Thirty men from the 
17th regiment U. S. Lifantry from Fort Preble with a number 
of volunteer citizens were placed aboard the steamer, and at 
about 11 o'clock the jiursuit began. The position of the Cutter 
could be well seen from the observatory; she was becalmed 
off the Green Islands. As the steamers approached fire was 
opened on the Cutter, but the shots fell shot. The steamer 
Chesapeake with a full head of steam on steered directly for 
the Cutter. Lieut. Read supposing from her appearance and 
rig that she was a gun boat, abandoned the Cutter, set her afire, 
put her crew and captives into boats and attempted to reach 
the land. They were overhauled by the steamer, taken pris- 
oners and taken aboard. About 2 o'clock the magazine of the 
Cutter containing four hundred pounds of powder exploded 



Iin.l/s IIAXD-IiOoK OF l'()ini,AXI». 21 

with a tcrrilic concussion, and llic loiuains ol' the Caleb dish- 
ing sank beneath tlie waters. Tliis explosion was witnessed 
from the top ol" Mmijov oIimtn ;itory where there were many 
[tersons watchinu- ihe coiiHirt. The prisoners consisting of 
jjieut. Reed and t went \ -two otiiers were taken to Fort Preble 
and there coiilined; sul)se(|ii('iitly they were sent to Fort 
Warreu and exchanged. The brilliant success of the expe- 
dition, on its return, was honored with the ringing of bells and 
firing of cannon, and the prompt action of Collector Jewett 
and Mayor ^fcLellan received the warm approval of the 
Treasury Department. 

THE (;pj:at fire. 

Portland had in the past, previous to 1S6G, suffered severely 
liy lires. In the Indian wars the town was twice burnt, again 
in 177") she was offered up as a holocaust to the auger of Capt. 
Mowatt and the British officials at Boston. Owing to the 
combustible materials of which its buildings were constructed 
and the absence of a system of water works, local lires were 
ol" fre([uent occurrence, l)Ut were kept under control. But the 
lire of 18(){) was at that time the most destructive that ever 
took place in this country. It began on the afternoon of July 
4, 1866, in a boat builders shop on Commercial street, near 
Maple, at about four o'clock, and it was supposed that the 
combusti])lc materials there were set into a l)laze from the use 
of fu-c crackers. For sixteen hours the lire raged, jirincipally 
thi-ough the business portion of the city. The wind was 
Mjutherly an<l at times blew a gale. The Hre swept diagonally 
across the city, l)eginning on Commercial street and ending at 
Back Cove and Munjoy Hill, The burnt district covered an 
area of two Innidi'eil acres in the heart of the city. About 
1800 liuildings were destroyed and (1000 jK-ople renilered home- 
less. The magniiiccnr City Hall, two brick school houses, the 
Athenaeum, the Natural History Society Building, eight churches, 
eight hotels and the unlinished marlde hotel, all the newspaper 
otlices. all the banks, every lawyer's office, all the jewelry and 



22 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

book stores, all the wholesale dry goods and shoe houses, most 
of the retail stores, about one-half of the manufacturing estab- 
lishments of the city, were consumed. The fire died out on 
Munjoy Hill for want of material to feed upon. The blowing 
up of buildings prevented the fire from spreading out of its 
course, but there Avas no supply of water to check the devouring 
flames. 

This great calamity excited the sympathy of the whole land. 
Contributions of money and supplies began to pour in the day 
after the fire, and continued for months. Relief Committees 
were organized in the principal cities of the United States, who 
rendered great aid. Local committees here took charge of 
these contributions which were disbursed to needy applicants. 
Over $600,000 in cash was donated, and the whole amount 
received was not less than $1,000,000. The work of re-build- 
ing the city commenced with vigor. New avenues were opened 
and old street lines changed. The style of buildings that were 
constructed were superior to those that formerly existed. 
Lincoln Park, which has an area of about two and a half acres, 
was laid out in the center of the burnt district and is now an 
ornamental open square in the busy portion of the city. The 
new City Hall and other public buildings, new churches, many 
elegant stores, warehouses and private residences were con- 
structed, and the stranger who now walks through the burnt 
district will see no evidences of the destructive conflagration 
of LSGG. 

CITY FINANCES. 

Consequent upon public improvements, the expenses of the 
war, the great fire and the unprofitable loans made in aid of 
railroad enterprises, the city became largely involved. Its gross 
debt had in 1877 readied the sum of $6,050,200. Since that 
time the debt has decreased to the sum of $3,440,000, a reduc- 
tion of $2,610,200. At the beginning of the war in 1861 
it was seen that a large increase of the city's liabilities would 
be a necessity, and with far-seeing wisdom a sinking fund was 



HTM/s HAND-IiOOK OF I'ORTI.ANI). 23 

e.stal)li^lied for the purpose of providing' I'or the payment of 
the debt as it matured. That system has been hi operation 
twenty-seven years and dui-iim- tliat time tliere has !)een paid 
$8,000,000 of the city del)t. The valuation for 1887 was, real 
estate $21.8o0.500. personal estate SILOOI-UO, total $38,752,- 
040, rate of taxation $2.10 on $100. 

The present debt of tlie city is large, and mainly on account 
of aid given by the city to railroads, etc., not on account of 
municipal expenditures. But the del>t has been very rapidly 
reduced and under the present system will all 1k' paid as it 
matures. The ci'edit of the city is excellent, and no Ijonds can 
be issued except to pay those that are not provided for by the 
accunudation of the sinking fund. The city's valuation is 
increasing yearly and rate of taxation decreasing. Of Portland 
of the present the succeeding pages will treat, and it is hoped 
will present matters of interest to all who desire the prosperity 
of (iur eitv. 






5treets, ^ewjers, Brid(^es 9 |^ors(^ rjailroads. 



jUEINGr the periods of the early settlement of the town no 
attention was paid to the laying out of streets ; proljably 
nothing was in use but paths leading from one house to 
another and to the water side. Cleeve and Tucker's residences 
were near the l^each at the foot of (now) Hancock street. A 
path on the lines of present Fore street led along the shore 
easterly to the foot of Munjoy Hill, and westerly to Clay Cove. 
The first record that we have in its history of there being any 
streets was at the meeting held by Dauforth at Fort Loyall, 
September 23, 1680, 0. S., when a highway was laid out from 
the water, four rods in width, called Broad street, and lots laid 
out each side of it'. That is now India street. Also a highway 
three rods wide left against the water side towards the meeting- 
house. Tliis is the present Fore street east of India. Fore 
street was laid out on the west side of Clay Cove up as far as 
the present Union street. ]Middle street was not then laid out 
but was proljably the place reserved for a liighway to the mill. 
No more streets were laid out until after the re-settlement and 
organization of the town in 1719. In 1720 lots were granted 
on Queen street, now called Congress. When the town was 
burnt in 1775 the plan then in existence showed the following 
streets : Fore street commenced at Jordan's Point near the 
Portland Company works and extended along the water front 
at the liead of tlie wharves to the foot of (now) High street. 
That part of Fore street east of India was formerly called 
Thames street. Middle street commenced on King street and 
extended to its junction with Back street. Back or Main 
street commenced at the head of Kino- street and extended on 



hull's IL\XI)-1!i»(»K of PORTLAND. 25 

tlio lino> of present Congress street to tlie country. The con- 
uci'tiiii:- streets were Smith street, King street. Tiirkov Lane. 
Greely's Lane. Fiddle Liinc Pearson's Lane, School House 
Lane. Fish street, Lime street. Meeting House Lane. Jones' 
Lane. J^ove Lane. Fore and Middle streets alone retain their 
former names. As the town grew other streets were laid out, 
and (|uite regularly, so that now <|iiitc :dl of the city's terri- 
tory is accessible by streets. Tlic linest .■^irect in the city 
is State, which was laid out in 17!>!) through land owned 
by Jos('i»h II. Ingrahani. and wliich was ronncrly i>art of the 
Tyng estate. The street is one hundred feet wide and is 
lined on both sides with a doul)le row of l)eautiful shade 
trees. The numerous shade trees which adorn our streets 
are of great beauty, and the name '"Forest City" which has 
been given it on this account is very appropriate. The great 
fire of lS6(i destroyed some of the linest of them. At one 
time previous to the tire the number by count was 3,500. The 
streets are genei'ally macadann/.ed and in good condition. 
Paving with square granite blocks is very extensively done in all 
the business streets, and each succeeding year witnesses more 
permanent improvements. The lii-st paving ever done in the 
city was in 1820. when a small i)art of Fore street wost of 
Exchange street M'as paved with round stones. Li 1808 the 
representatives were instructed liy tlic town to n]']''.^ '" '''^' 
(iencral Court for a lottery to raise iintncy to pa\(' the streets. 
The reipiest was refused. 

The princi|>al business street in the city is Comincicial >ii'eet, 
which e.\l"iiils from the (Irand TiMiidv l»;iili-oad Station to the 
IJoston and .Maine Station a distance of about a mile. This 
street was laid out in 1850 by the city in order to connect the 
eastern and western railioad tr;it1ic. It was constructed tlirouirh 
wharves and across docks: a solid stone wall is its outer pro- 
tecting barrier. It is one hundred feet in width and has rail- 
road tracks in the center, which brancii to the various wharves. 
On its upper side are Imilt substantial brick and stone stores 
and warehouses, on the lowei' or water sidi^ arc mostlv wooden 



26 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

buildings. The wholesale grocery, flour and lumber business 
of the city is mainly conducted here. 

The wharves then existino- (they were all destroyed in the 
lire of 1775) were named Distillery,. Waite's, Stephenson's, 
Pote's, GoodAvin's, Preble's, Tyng's, Pearson's, Cox's, Decring's. 
None of these wharves have preserved their former names. 

SEWERAGE. 

The situation of Portland is well adapted to perfect drain- 
age, and this has been taken advantage of in the construction 
of scAvers. Congress street is the ridge or backbone of the 
city, and from it and from the two hills at the east and west 
extremities of the city to the waters of the harbor on the front, 
and back bay in the rear of the city, the drainage of the city 
flows with rapidity. 

The length of the sewers constructed in the city is thirty- 
five miles. They are from eight inches to six feet in diameter, 
built of cement and vitrified pipe and brick. 

brid(;es. • 

Back Cove, or Tukey's bridge, from Sandy Point, the north 
extremity of Washington street, to the opposite Fhore, a 
distance of 1,-500 feet, was built in 1796. Yaughan's bridge, 
leading from the terminus of Danforth street to the opposite 
point in Cape Elizabeth, was built in 1800. It is 1,300 feet in 
length. Deering bridge at the foot of Green street was built 
in 1806; Portland bridge from Clark street to Cape Elizabeth 
in 1824. The Clark street extension was constructed in 1875 
The whole length of the bridge is 2,200 feet. The bridges 
when first opened were all toll bridges. They are now free. 

HORSE RAILROADS. 

Previous to the commencement of the street railroad system 
several attempts were made to run omnibuses, but they were 
not successful. A line was run in 1850 from Munjoy Hill to 
State street, also an omnibus from Morrill's Corner, Westlirook 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 27 

(now Deering), to the head of Preble street. A company was 
chartered in 1862 under the name of the Portland and Forest 
Avenue Railroad Company. In October 1808 they commenced 
I'unning cars from Clark street tliroiiL''h Sprin<i'. Ilidi, Conirress, 
Middle and India streets to the Grand Trunk Railroad Station. 
In 1S64 the company commenced running cars from the head 
of Preble street to Morrill's Corner in Deering, a distance of 
three and a (piarter miles. Also the same year the rails were 
laid and cars commenced running from Grove street to Atlantic 
street on Munjoy Hill, a distance of nearly two miles. In 
1^82 a liranch from the main line on Middle street was 
extended from Middle street through Pearl and Commercial 
streets to the Grand Trunk Railroad Station. This was for 
the purpose of accommodating the island travel, which in the 
summer months is very large. In 1886 the Congress street 
line was extended from Grove street westerly to the Congress 
street station of the Maine Central Railroad near St. John 
street. In 1887 the Spring street line was extended from its 
terminus on Spring street, through Neal, Carroll, A'auglian. and 
Bramhall streets to a junction with the Congress street line at 
Grove street. There are therefore three distinct lines, viz. : 
The Deering line, Portland to Morrill's Corner, with a 
Itranch to Lunt's Corner, and the Congress street and Middle 
street lines, operated by one corporation, now called The 
Portland Railroad Company."^ 



•For Horse Railroad time-tables sec post. 






5ra93port:atio9, /r\ail5, Qapals, F{ailroad5, 
St(^amboats, Sf7ippi9(^. 



M^ 



%REVIOUS and up to the period of the Revolutionary war 
. the settlements in the Province of Maine were mainly upon 
the sea board, and those in the vicinity of Casco Bay 
were, in the order of their population and commercial impor- 
tance, Falmouth, North Yarmouth, Brunswick, Scarborough and 
Cape Elizabeth. Gorham, Windham and New Gloucester were 
the only interior towns in what is now known as Cumberland 
county ; and the means of communication between these settle- 
ments must have been extremely limited, but sufficient for the 
need of the existing population. [Subsequently, after the 
Revolution, settlements that had been made on the Saco, Andros- 
coggin and Sandy rivers increased in population and became 
incorporated as towns and had communication with Portland.] 
The usual mode of traveling for some years after the Revolution 
was on horse back, tlie roads being too bad except in winter to 
admit of comfortable passing in any other manner. As popu- 
lation and business increased it became necessary to increase 
the facilities for traveling. Of course water communication 
had always l^een maintained with neighlioring settlements as 
well as those more remote. The coasting trade between Fal- 
mouth and the towns in Massachusetts was carried on, and fish 
and lumber were exchanged for English goods and groceries ; 
and it is believed that two sloops commanded by Captains 
English and Phillips plied regularly between Casco Bay and 
Boston at an early date. Ships that came for masts for the 
King's Navy were the pioneers of the future foreign commerce 



hull's IIAMi-IiOOK OF roRTI^ANI). 29 

ol' Poillaud, and bciore the beginning ol' tin' present century 
there was a considerable commerce caiiii.'d on between the 
District of Maine and the commercial towns of Boston, Marble- 
head, Salem, Beverly, Newbnryport, Gloucester, etc., so that 
a description of the climate, soil and productions of certain 
tracts of land in tlic District of Maine, published in 1703, says, 
"That several hundred vessels of various sizes are constantly 
employed between these places and the District of Maine, which 
alfords the advantages of an intimate intercourse for the supply 
of their mutual wants. Boston and the other towns that stretch 
along the coast are principally furnished with fuel from the 
District, and nearly all the lumber shi{)ped from Boston to 
foreign juirts is supplied from thence. For the want of suffi- 
cient commercial capital the District is compelled to have 
recourse to these circuitous means of exporting to a foreign 
market the greater part of its own produce. There are like- 
wise large (juantities of masts and lumber exported direct to 
Europe." 

So far as transportation by land was concerned the trans- 
portation of the mail was the first regular means of com- 
munication, and it was not until 1775 that the first post oilice 
in Maine was established at Falmouth. Prior to 17G0, the 
regular eastern terminus of the mail route in New England was 
at Portsmouth, N. H, but that year Cumberland County was 
formed and it was mai-ked by the establishment of a weekly 
mail to Falmouth. Tiie mail was carried on horse back 
between Portland and Falmouth, and it was not until 1787 
that Joseph Barnard, the old post rider, put upon the road a 
wagon drawn by two horses. This was in pursuance of an act 
of Congress passed in September 1785. This was the first 
attempt to carry |)asseugers within the lioundaries of the 
District of Elaine and ^fr. Barnard was strc^ngly conunended 
for his zeal and energy. The mail wagon left Portsmouth in 
the morning, reached Kennebunk the first day. Broad's tavern 
at Stroudwater the second day and arrived in Portland the 
morning of the third day. The courage and enterprise that it 



30 hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 

required to start this expeditious, cheap and commodious way 
of stage traveling, will be better appreciated by remembering 
that in April 1785 the mail from Boston was delayed four or 
five weeks, during which time no mail was received from the 
west owing to exceedingly bad roads ; and Parson Smith in his 
diary says, April 29, 1785, ''The post has at last got here 
having been hindered near five weeks." In 1788, service had 
been increased to three times a week from Boston to Portland 
in summer and once a week in winter, and a mail was forwarded 
to Pownalborough once a fortnight. Even as late as 1801 the 
mail was four days going to Boston ; and we had a mail from 
there only three times a week. In 1793, the first attempt was 
made to carry passengers from Portland to Hallowell,by Caleb 
Graftam, He left Portland on Monday morning at 7 o'clock, 
reached Wiscasset on Tuesday at 1 o'clock, p. m., and arrived 
at Hallowell on Wednesday. This trip was made once a 
week in summer and once a fortnight in winter, and was the 
result of the enterprise of Thomas B. Wait, publisher of the 
Cumberland Gazette, who provided this method in order to 
furnish his patrons with the latest news. The transportation 
of passengers by the mail coaches was thus the first step in 
public inland transportation, and it was not till 1818 that the 
first accommodation stage commenced running regularly, three 
times a week, from Portland to Portsmouth. During the war 
of 1812, when communication by water was cut off by British 
cruisers, a line was started but was suspended when peace was 
declared, for want of encouragement. 

The preceding excepting the paragraphs in brackets is by George E. B. Jackson, Esq. 

During the war of 1812 and especially during the time that 
the British held Castine, a large amount of illicit traffic and 
transportation by teams across the State, of foreign goods 
smuggled from the British Provinces and Castine, took place. 
These goods were carried to Portland, Boston and other 
places. It was largely winked at by the authorities as sup- 
plying the necessities of the government and the people. 



HL'Ll/S HAXD-nooK OF I'OHTLAXD. 31 

111 I'^'J.'J there were two lines of stages ruiiiiiiiu- to J)o-toii, 
the reiziilar mail wliicli left every day at 4 o'clock, a. in. and 
the acconiniodatiou whicli left daily at 8 o'clock a. m. Tlie 
Eastern mail leit Portland every day at 6 o'clock a. lu, 
and arrived at 6 o'clock p. m; Portland and Lancaster stage 
left Wednesday at 5 o'clock a. m.. arrived Monday at 6 
o'clock ]). ni. ; Waterford mail left Fi-iday at 5 o'clock a. m., 
arrived Wednesday at 6 p. m. : Portland and Alfred mail left 
Monday, Wednesday and Fi-iday at 8 o'clock a. m., arrived 
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at o o'clock p. in. ; Paris 
(Oxford Co.) mail left Wednesday at 5 o'clock a. m., arrived 
IMonday at 6 o'clock p. m. ; Portland and Monmouth left 
Monday and Thursday at 4 o'clock a. m., arrived Tuesday 
and Friday at 6 o'clock p. m. in 1825 the service was 
increased by more trips and shorter hours, and new routes 
were added, viz : White Mountain route — Portland to Conway, 
Portland and Ilallowell upper route, Portland and Effingham^ 
N. H., Portland and Gorham, Me. 

In 1832 the number of stages employed on different routes 
rroin Portland was twelve, ol' which live were daily and seven 
tri- weekly. Seven carried mails, the others were accommo- 
dation stages. Subsequently other lines were added as busi- 
ness required. During the land speculation era the travel to 
the East was very large. Extra stages had to be run from 
Portland to Bangor. The service became very effective and 
continued so until the advent of the Railroad system in this 
State. The li(iad(|narters of the ditVerent stage lines were here, 
the Elm and American Houses being the points of dejiarture 
and arrival. 

CAX.VLS. 

As early as 17U1 a committee was chosen l)v several towns 
in the county to ascertain the practicability of opening a canal 
from Sebago Pond to the lower part of Presumpscot river. In 
1"!).^ a charter was obtained to construct a canal from Sebago 
Lake to the Presumpscot river at Saccarapi)a. and at the same 



32 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

time a company was incorporated for the purpose of uniting 
the waters of the Presumpscot river above Saccarappa with the 
Fore river at Stroudwater. Work was commenced by the 
latter company at Saccarappa, land was purchased and the 
excavating of a canal begun. It was abandoned, and the pur- 
chased land reverted back to the former owners. The charter 
of the first company expired without any action under it. In 
1821 a charter was obtained by the Cumberland and Oxford 
Canal Company to build a canal from Waterford to Fore 
river. The canal was finished in 1829 from Sebago Lake to 
Portland harbor at a cost of 1201,000, passing through the 
towns of Westbrook, Windham, Gorham and Standish; and 
during the boating season an extensive business in lumber and 
wood was done, and the towns along the line of the route, 
Portland to Harrison, as well as those beyond on the Andros- 
coggin river, drew their supplies of goods from Portland by 
this line of water communication. During the time it was in 
operation it was of advantage to the business of Portland. An 
attempt was made to extend it to connect with the Andros- 
coggin river, but it was unsuccessful. A connection with the 
Kennebec river and the waters of Casco Bay by the construc- 
tion of a canal across the narrow neck of land that separates 
Merry Meeting Bay and the New Meadows river, was also 
projected, but it failed for want of enterprise and funds. The 
Cumberland and Oxford Canal after the completion of the 
Atlantic & St. Lawrence Eailroad, was abandoned as a means of 
transportation and is now a ruin. 

ROADS a:\"d turnpikes. 

After the Revolution ended and the country became more 
settled the necessity of good roads was apparent. The trade 
of Portland was extending, and it reached out its arms to 
northern New Hampshire and Vermont. The settlers in these 
regions found Portland the nearest market on the sea-coast; 
and in winter their trade came here, bringing on the winter 
roads through the White Mountain Notch supplies of produce 



llll,l/s H.\M)-i;ii(M< Ol' I-OHTI.AXD. 33 

for tlie Portlaiul luarkct, which they excliaugcl ior dry goods, 
groceries, etc ( 'oos men, as they were called, were an estalj- 
lished Icaturc ol' Torthmd wiiitci' ti-adc Tlic Icgislaturi' of 
\'('i'iiioiit as early as iMI-t granted a chaiter for a tui'upike 
iVoni Lake Ciiainplaiii through the lour northern counties in 
that wStatc to the Connecticut river in the most convenient 
direction to Portland, 1~<> miles. 

ItAil.UOADS. 

The movement in I'avor of railroads began in Massachusetts 
as early as 1828 and extended to this State. The people of 
Portland desirous of extending their trade and transportation, 
in 1 s.'J5 turned thcii- atlcntion to the construction of a railroad 
to C^ueWec. and Col. Long, an engineei'. under the direction of 
the United States government surveyed the route. The result 
ol his survey Avas that a line from Quebec to Belfast on 
Penobscot Bay was the shortest route. This enterprise died 
and nothing grew out of it. In 1839 a survey Avas made of a 
route from Portland to Lake Cliamplain by Wm. L. Dearborn, 
that was found to have great advantages and would open a 
large trade with New Hampshire and Vermont. The project 
failed for want of perseverance and funds. 

The lirst railroad from Portland was the Porthmd. Saco & 
Portsmouth extending from Portland to Portsmouth, where it 
connected with the Eastern Kailroad from Portsmouth to 
Boston. This road was chartered in 1837 and completed 
December 22, 1842, distance 51 miles. It was afterwards 
leased to the Eastein l\ailroad Company, and now forms 
]»art of the Boston A; .Maine system. (See Boston A: Maine 
Railroad.; The second railroad connecting Portland with 
Boston was the Boston & Maine, which was formed l\v the 
consolidation, January 1. 1842. of the Boston A- I'ortland 
Railroad chartered by Massachusetts in 1833, the Boston tV: 
Maine chartered in New Hamj)shire in 1835 and the Elaine, 
New Hampshiie A: ^fassachusetts, chartered in Elaine in 
183(>. This route was opened to the junction at South Ber- 



34 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

wick witli the Portland, Saco & Portsmouth road in 1843. 
In 1873 the Boston & Maine road was opened to Portland. 
The main line from Boston to Portland is 115 miles long, now 
called the western division. (See Boston & Maine Railroad.) 
After the completion of the railroads (two routes) connecting 
Portland with Boston, the plan of a railroad from Portland to 
Montreal was proposed by the late Hon. John A. Poor, then a 
resident of Bangor, and the suggestions made were responded 
to by the people of Portland with courage and confidence in 
1844. A charter was obtained from the Maine Legislature in 
1845 authorizing a railroad from Portland to the boundary 
line under tlie name of the Atlantic & St. Lawrence Railroad 
Company. A similar charter was obtained in Canada under 
the name of the St. Lawrence <fe Atlantic Railroad Company. 
The friends of the road in Portland having clearly convinced 
the people of Canada that the shortest route to the ocean from 
the St. Lawrence river was that to Portland, the two companies 
joined hands in this mutual enterprise. One of the methods of 
showing the advantages of Portland in this respect was the 
success of what was called 

THE GREAT EXPRESS. 

For the purpose of convincing the people of Canada that the 
distance from Montreal to Liverpool via Portland was less than 
by the way of Boston, and that mails could be transported in 
less time by the Portland route than by that of Boston, arrange- 
ments were made by the managers of the proposed Atlantic & 
St. Lawrence railroad company in the winter of 184G to run 
an express from Halifax, by the way of Portland, to Montreal, 
on the arrival of the Cunard steamer at the former port on 
her way to Boston. The Steamer Cambria, from Liverpool to 
Boston, was expected to arrive at Halifax about the 16th to 
18th of March. March 9th the steamer Kennebec, Captain 
Kimball, left Portland for Annapolis on the Bay of Fundy. 
Annapolis Bay being closed with ice the steamer was obliged 
to lay at a port twelve miles distant. The route of the express 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 35 

was overland I'roiu lialil'ax, and relays ol" horses had Iil-cu 
|)laced all along the road. The steamer Cambria arrived at 
9.14 a. 111., March 17. Some delay was experienced in getting 
l)a{)ers, as the captain of the steamer tried to prevent their 
delivery. At lengtii tiiey were obtained and tlie express started, 
making the time to the steamer, 102 miles, in 1<» liours and 18 
minutes. A signal gun twelve miles distant gave notice to the 
steamei" to be in readiness. On receiving the exjiress mes- 
senger the Kennebec left for Portland. Delayed two hours in 
the Bay of Fundy, after thirty-one hours she arrived in Portland, 
the distance from Annapolis being 310 miles. The steamer 
was sighted fri^n the observatory three hours before she arrived. 
A large crowd was on the wharf at the foot of India street 
when she came in. and at once the express started in an open 
sleigh for Montreal. The first part of the route, Portland to 
Andover, was driven by Mr. Oren Hobbs. He started at 5.15 
p. m. Relays of horses were stationed at short distances. 
The time to Andover, 74 miles, was 4 hours 35 minutes. From 
Andover Mr. A. Bodge drove to Sherbrook, C. E., 90 miles, in 
7 hours 37 minutes. There Mr. G. G. Waterhouse took the 
reins and drove to Montreal, 91 miles, in 6 hours 12 minutes. 
The distance, 255 miles, from Portland to Montreal, was made 
in 18 hours 24 minutes, most of it in the night time and through 
the deep snows of Dixville notch. The whole distance from 
Halifax to Montreal. 6G7 miles, including delays, was made in 
50 hours, 40 minutes. The detailed arrangements for this 
express were made by our vcneralile citizen. S. T. Corser, and 
were successfully carried out under his directions. 

The Atlantic <k St. Lawrence Railroad Company was orga- 
nized Sept. 25, 1845. The ceremony of l)reaking ground took 
place July 4, 1846, at the extreme end of Fish Point on Munjoy 
Hill at a dilapidated bastion built in the war of 1M2 known 
as Fort Lawrence, all vestiges of which have now disappeared. 
The road was comi)lcted and open to Montreal. July 1 .^, 1853. 
and to Quel)ec November 22. 1^54. This road' was subse- 
quently leased for 999 years to the Grand Trunk Railway 



36 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

Company of Canada and forms part of that system. (See 
acconnt of Grand Trunk Railroad.) 

The connection of Portland with Boston by two railroad 
lines awakened a desire among the people east of Portland for 
similar facilities of communication, and the Androscoggin & 
Kennebec Railroad Company was chartered in 1 845 and opened 
in 1849. It extended from Danville Junction, 28 miles from 
Portland on the Atlantic & St. Lawrence Railroad, to AVater- 
ville, 55 miles, there it connected with the Penobscot & Kenne- 
bec Railroad, a line which extended from Waterville to Bangor, 
55 miles, which was opened in 1855. These two roads subse- 
quently became a part of the Maine Central system. (See 
Maine Central Railroad.) The Kennebec & Portland Railroad 
extending from Portland to Augusta a distance of 60 miles, 
with a bi'anch to Bath 9 miles, was first opened from Bath to 
Yarmouth junction where it connected with the Atlantic & 
St. Lawrence Railroad. The road was subsequently extended 
to Portland and now forms part of the Alaine Central. (See 
Maine Central.) 

THE YORK & CUMBERLAND RAILROAD 

was chartered July 30, 1846, and built from Portland to Saco 
river. In 1860 it was reorganized as the Portland & Roch- 
ester Railroad, and extended to Rochester, N. H. It is now 
under the direction of the Boston & Maine. (See Boston & 
Maine Railroad.) 

PORTLAND & OGDENSBURG RAILROAD. 

A company was chartered in 1868 to build a line of railroad 
from Portland through the Notch of the White Mountains to St. 
Johnsbury, Vermont, thence by the Lamoille and Missisquoi 
valleys to the foot of Lake Champlain, there to connect with 
the line to Ogdensburg, and by water communication to the 
West. The road was begun in 1869 and finished to Swanton in 
Vermont, with a branch to Burlington (See Portland & 
Ogdensburg Railroad.) 



hull's HAXD-IJOOK of PORTLAND. 37 

STIC AM COMMUNICATION. 

The first steamer in Maine of which we have any record was 
the Alpha, a lonu' flat-'iottonied craft of fifteen tons pro])elIed 
Ity a screw in the stern. She was built in 181 G l»y Jonatlian 
Morsi'an of Alna, afterwards of Porthind. She was clumsily 
constructed and proved a failure. The next one that we have 
an account of was the steamer Kennebec, advertised in tlie 
Aruus of August 13, 1822 "to leave Union Wharf at 4 o'clock 
for North Yarmouth to spend the day, for tickets apply to A. 
W. Tinkham's store." Louis Pease a local poet records her 
advent thus : 

"A rig for all your clumsy crafts. 
Your pleasure boats and packets, 

The steamboat lands you safe and soon 
At Mansfield's. Trott's or Brackett's."' 

April i;). 1824 in the Eastern Argnis is an advertisement of 
a line of steamers consisting of tiie Patent and Waterville to 
run from Augusta to Bath, and from Bath to Portland and 
Boston. The Patent was the first steamer from out of the 
state used to navigate tiie waters of Maine. She came here in 
1824. She was on the route from Portland to Boston for 
some time. She was succeeded by the Maine, New York. 
Chancellor Livingstone, Connccticnt and others. The Port- 
hind was liuilt hcri' in is;;.") lor the ( "iiiiilioi'hnid Steam Na\'i- 
gation Comi)any. Other opjiositio i steamers were put upon 
the route and there was a great rivalry between the dillerent 
boats. There was the Independence to Boston, the Bangor to 
the Penobscot, the McDonough to the Kennebec river, the 
Royal Tar to Eastport and St. John, the Huntress and others. 
All these steamers were withdrawn, and in 1844 there was no 
line of steamers between here and Boston. In 1841 tlir Port- 
land Steam Packet Comi)any was organized and built two 
propellors, the Commodore Preble and General Warren, and 
placed them on the route from Portland to Boston. These 
propellors were sold to the government at the time of the 
Mexican war and a side-wheel steamer, tln.^ John Marshall. 



38 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

placed on the route. The operations of the company proving 
profitable other steamers were added to the line, viz : Atlantic, 
St. Lawrence, Montreal, Lewiston, Forest City, John Brooks and 
Tremont. All of the above except the John Brooks were built 
by the company. The steamers now in use by this company 
are the splendid steamer Tremont, the John Brooks and Forest 
City. In the summer season this is a most attractive and 
expeditious route between Portland and Boston, and the line is 
largely patronized. Leaving Boston at 7 o'clock p. m. the 
steamer arrives here in the morning and a good nights rest 
enables the passengers when the early light appears to have a 
good view of the attractive scenery of Portland Harbor and its 
approaches. The trains for the White Mountains, Montreal 
and the East leave a few hours after the steamers arrive. 

Other steamers that have run on different routes from Port- 
land were the Daniel Webster, Governor and State of Maine 
to Bangor ; the T. F. Secar and Charles Houghton to the Ken- 
nebec and eastward ; the Chesapeake, Parkersburg, Dirigo, 
Franconia to New York ; the Admiral, Eastern City, New 
Brunswick, New England and New York to Eastport and St. 
John ; the City of Richmond to Mt. Desert and Machias. 

MAINE STEAMSHIP CO. 

After many changes the steam communication between New 
York and Portland is controlled by the above company, which 
with tliree steamers, viz : the magnificent Winthrop, the Eleanora 
and Franconia, render to the public efficient service. Isemi 
weekly trips are made each way, and the new Winthrop makes 
the trip in from 25 to 30 hours. A fine sea trip and an admi- 
rable route to the pleasure resorts of Maine. (See adv.) 

INTERNATIONAL STEAMSHIP COMPANY 

was organized in 1860 to extend the accommodations of steam 
traffic between Boston, Portland, New Brunswick and Nova 
Scotia. Under their management the travel between the two 
countries has increased very largely. The excellent side wheel 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 39 

steamers run Ity ilir coiiipany arc fii'st-class, liavc excellent 
accoiiiiiiodations for passengers and anijdc room lor freight. 
Trl-weekly trips are made from Boston and I'ortland to East- 
jiort and St. Joiin. (See adv.) 

MOUNT DKSERT AND ^rA(•llL\S LINK. 

In 1S6() Capt. Deering began running the steamer City of 
Rockhind from Portland to Machiasport. touching at Rockland, 
Castine, Deer Isle and Southwest Harbor, and in 1808 the 
steamer Lewiston was put u])on the route and was the first 
boat to make r(\u-ular trips to Bar Harbor. This line is now 
owned and controlled by the Maine Central Railroad Company 
and is a favorite route to the attractions and beauties of this 
famous Maine resort. (Sec adv.) 

KENNEBEC RIVER AND DA.MARISCOTTA. 

These two routes having remained closed for some years 
have again been opened and in ls8T steamers commenced 
running on them. On the Kennebec route a steamer runs to 
jioints on the Kennebec river, and on the Damariscotta route 
the steamer p]nterprise makes tri-weekly trips to Boothbay, 
Hamai i.-cotta. A'c. (See adv. and Casco Bay.) 

RAILROADS. 

Tlic lailroad lines which now center in Poitland are the 
(Jrand Trunk, Maine Central, Boston & Maine. Porthuid ct 
Ogdensburg, and the Portland ct Rochester. 

THE (;RAND TRl'NK RAILROAD. 

The Grand Trunk Railroad is one of the principal routes of 
the country extending from the east to the west. Comuiencing 
on the Atlantic at Portland where its grounds and station 
accommodations are of the largest and best in the country, it 
extends througii Maine, New llami)shire. Vermont and Canada 
to Montreal, and from thence to the Great Lakes. "Probably 



40 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

no line of railroad on the American continent embraces in its 
route so great a variety of scenery. From the wave- washed 
Atlantic coast at Casco Bay to the mighty inland seas whose 
waters swell the volume of the majestic St. Lawrence, a 
charming panorama of mountain, lake and river scenery passes 
in pleasing variety before the vision of the tourist, with the 
picture occasionally enlivened by charming villages and flour- 
ishing cities, or perchance a peaceful rural scene, its quiet repose 
only for the moment awakened as the rapidly moving train 
quickens its pulse from its usual beat tlien leaves it to resume 
its peaceful stillness." As a highway of commerce it transports 
from the far West the products of industry to the Atlantic, and 
from Montreal, and Portland in the winter, conveys them across 
the ocean to the markets of other countries. Parties from the 
West visiting Portland can take this road at Chicago and other 
western points ; from Canada, at Montreal, Quebec, etc. ; from 
the White Mountains, at Gorham, N. H. 

MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

This is tlie great line of transportation east and west through 
the State of Maine. Commencing at Portland it extends by 
two routes (diverging at Cumberland) to the Kennebec river 
at Waterville, the lower route passing through Yarmouth, 
Brunswick, Augusta and Vassalboro, the upper route, through 
Auburn, Lewiston, Winthrop and Oakland. At Waterville the 
two routes connect, and the (one) road from there continues to 
Bangor and Yanceboi'o, there connecting with the railroads of 
New Brunswick. The connections and branches from the 
main lines are, viz : At Yarmouth with the Grand Trunk Rail- 
road to tlie White Mountains, Montreal and the West ; at 
Brunswick to Bath ; at Brunswick to Lewiston and Farmingtou ; 
at Farming-ton with the Sandy River Railroad (narrow guage) 
to Phillips and the Rangeley Lakes ; at Oakland to North 
Anson ; at Waterville to Skowhegan ; at Burnham to Belfast ; 
at Newport to Dexter ; at Bangor to Bucksport ; at Bangor to 
Mt. Desert Ferry : at Oldtown with the Bangor and Piscataquis 



HULLS HAXD-HOOK OK PORTLAND. 



41 



Ixiiili'oad to Mooscliead Lake. The route of tliis road is 
thioim-li <oiiic of the finest scenery in thr State and all the 
famous suninier resorts includiiiti' Casco Bay with its numerous 
islands, the beaches of Old Orchard, the fine ocean views of 
Cape Elizal)etli. are easily accessible Ijy it. Its smooth road 
bed, steel rails and elegant coaches are a great improvement 
on tlie roads in the State of Maine twcntv vears ago. On 



y%Mii 



^MX 











c^:-: 



^^L^ 



TIIK NKW U>ION M . ■ . .\ i i (XCiRESS STUKET. 

tlu' (dni|ilotion in July of the new bunion Station in this city its 
terminal passenger facilities will be ('(pial to any mad in the 
countiT. The new station will be easily accessil)le by street 
cars from any part of the city. 

BOSTON .V MAINE RAILROAD. 

Tiie system of railroads now controlled and operated by 
tiie Boston A' Maine is the most extensive in New Enghind. 
Beginning originally as a single track extending from the 
Lowell road, it slowly crept its way through Xew Hampshire 
to the lioinidaiy line of ^^aine and fi'om there by a connecting 
roail reai-hinLi' rortland. It has now by its extensions and 
leases become the great railroad of New England. Two inde- 
pendent roads in its system lead fioni Boston to Portland. 



42 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

Along its eastern line are the well-known sea sllore resorts 
between Boston and Portland. The inland route gives access 
to the White Mountain and Lake regions, Wolfboro and Lake 
Winnipesaukee, and by Portland & Ogdensburg connections to 
North Conway, Fabyan's, Crawford's, Mount Washington, &c. 
The route from Worcester to Portland via Nashua and Roch- 
ester forms part of the direct route from New York to Port- 
land, by which transfers in Boston are avoided. At Portland 
by the Maine Central and Grand Trunk connections, Mount 
Desert, Campobello, Moosehead Lake, Rangeley Lakes, and the 
fishing and sporting grounds of northern Maine, New Bruns- 
wick and New Hampshire are reached. Since Maine has 
become so attractive a place for the tourist and summer visitor 
the facilities for reaching it have been greatly improved by the 
Boston & Maine Railroad. Old Orchard has become one of 
the finest watering ]>laces in the country. Cape Elizal)eth, 
Scarboro Beacli, Portland and the islands of Casco Bay are 
by these improved facilities of transportation being brought 
into notice and made more accessible. Parlor cars are on 
day trains between Boston and Portland and Boston and 
Fabyan's. The management of the route is liberal and all 
requirements necessary for the comfort and convenience of 
passengers are complied with. 

PORTLAXD & OGDENSBURG RAILROAD. 

The passenger station of this road is at present with the 
Boston & Maine Railroad on Commercial street at the foot of 
State. This road was projected as a commercial route to 
connect Portland witli the waters of the St. Lawrence and the 
Great Lakes. It has been built at great expense through the 
Notch of the White Mountains. It has not as yet met the 
expectations of its projectors as a commercial enterprise but 
incidentally it has become a pleasure route of travel unsur- 
passed for the grandeur of its scenery by any in the country. 
Tourists in the White Mountain region from Saratoga, Lake 
Champlain and Canada, after the enjoyment of the attractions 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 43 

ol' those resorts, come over this road through tlic Notch of the 
White Mountains to visit Portland and the summer resorts of 
Casco i3ay and Old Orchard. The route from Portland is to 
the beautiful inland lake, Scl)ago. thence by the rushinir waters 
of the Saco througli tlic plains of (juiet Fryeburg to the inter- 
vales and niouiituin scenery of Conway. Following the valley 
of tlie Saco the road climbs up the sharp ascent that leads 
tlirough the gateway of the Xotcii to the Crawford and Fabyan 
houses surrounded by the majestic monarchs of the hills, thence 
crossing the Connecticut river, by the hillsides of Northern 
Vei'mont. to the waters of Lake Chanijdain. 

PORTLAND .V- ROCHESTER RAILROAD. 

This road forms a part of the iJoston & Maine system. It 
runs from Portland to Rochester, N. H., where it connects 
with the roads leading to Boston and also Avith the Roch- 
ester, Nashua A- Worcester road and thence to New York, 
saving many miles of travel between Portland and the great 
metropolis. It passes through the villages of Woodl'ords, 
Morrill's Corner, Cumberland Mills, Saccarappa, Gorham, 
crosses the Saco and runs through Waterboro, Alfred, and 
on to Rochester. Alton Bay and Lake Winnipesaukee are but a 
few miles distant. In the sunnuer excursion trains run from 
Portland so that a trip can be made to Center Harlior and 
liaek tiie same day. At Morrill's Corner (called AVestbi'ook 
Junction) it connects with the Maine Central Railroad, so that 
jtafcsengers to and from Bar Harbor can pass by this route via 
Worcester, avoiding transfers in Boston. It is intended this 
summer to run an express by this line irom New York to Bar 
Harbor and return, which will shorten the time. 

The Station in Portland is at the foot of Preble street. 

SHIPPINi;. 

Portland has been from the lirst a commercial jiort. Shii) 
bnilding and commerce have in the past l)een its principal 
industries. At a very early date ship building began. The 



44 hull's hand-book of Portland, 

first ship yard was established at the cove east of India street 
and continued there until 1850. The tranportation of masts 
for the British navy required large ships. Some of them were 
built here and also other smaller vessels. In 1752 7 schooners 
and 15 sloops, 1367 tons, were owned here. In 1774 the 
tonnage was 5,355; in 1789, 5,000; in 1793, 11,173; in 1807, 
39,009. During the embargo and the Avar of 1812 it fell off 
but after the war it increased and reached its highest point in 
1862 when it stood at 133,162 tons, comprising 45 ships, 53 
barks, 38 brigs, 161 schooners, 5 sloops and 12 steamers. 
The decline in American commerce since the war of the 
Rebellion has been unfavorable to the shipping interests of this 
city. There are now, 1888, belonging to this district 16 ships, 
35 barks, 12 barkentines, 18 brigs, 146 schooners, 21 sloops, 
41 steamers and 58 vessels under 20 tons, in all amounting to 
115,000 tons. There are six lines of steamers coastwise and to 
the British Provinces. In the winter season after the naviga- 
tion of the St. Lawrence is closed, some of the lines of ocean 
steamers which sail between Montreal and Great Britain make 
Portland their winter port, and weekly and fortnightly trips 
are made from here to Liverpool, Glasgow and other British 
ports. The steamers that have done this service in the past 
few years are the Allan, Dominion, Beaver and Furness lines. 
The val.ue of the exports of Portland for the year 1887, was 
$7,261,629, that of imports $8,676,133. 

The harbor is under the direction of the Har])or Master. 
There are seven steam lugs here used for towing, etc. 

There are 30 wharves on tlie harbor side of the city, viz : 
Atlantic, foot of India St.. Berlin Mills from 404 (new) 
Commercial St., from 334 (old) Commercial St., Boston and 
Maine from 366 Commercial St,, Brown's from 320 Commercial 
St,, Burnham from 66 Commercial St,, Central from 192 
Commercial St,, Commercial from 152 Commercial St., Custom 
House from 96 Commercial St., Deake from 448 Commercial 
St,, Dyer's from 458 Commercial St., Franklin from 46 Com- 
mercial St,, Gait from 18 Commercial St,, Gas Company foot 



HULLS IL\NI)-HO()K OF !'< iKTLAND. 4") 

of (Mark St.. (Jraiul Triuik cast dI' (iraiid 'riuulv Station, 
J lolisoii from ."JDO Commercial St., Ilolyoke from 410 Com- 
mercial St., Long I'l'om 174 Commercial St., Maine from "s 
Commercial St., Merchants from 310 Commercial St.. Mcriill 
from 2o4 Commercial St., Portland Company's adjoininu- works, 
Portland Pier from 1.;l* Commercial St., Railroad from 468 
Commercial St., Richardson from 27.'^ Commercial St., Stnrdi- 
vant's from 42() Commercial St.. Union from 232 Commercial 
St., Widgery's from 210 Commercial St., Victoria at Fish Point. 






prome9ade5, ?e/neterie5 ai^d publio 
(lrou9d5. 



'HE spacious walks and driveways at the eastern and 
western extremities of the city were projected in 1835, 
the period of inflated prosperity caused by the hind 
speculation. They were constructed by the city during the 
administration of Levi Cutter, Mayor in 1836-37. The one on 
Munjoy Hill, called the Eastern Promenade, begins at the 
easterly end of Fore street and extends around the hill, a little 
below the crest on the water side, six thousand and sixty-four 
feet to Washington street, and is at first five rods wide for a 
short distance, then widens to nine rods. The other, called the 
Western Promenade, is on the brow of Bramhall Hill and is a 
broadway, over one hundred feet wide, extending from Arsenal 
street to Danforth street, three thousand seven hundred feet in 
length. They are both somewhat ornamented with trees (there 
should be more) and afibrd varied and beautiful prospects 
embracing the ocean, Casco Bay and its jeweled islands, the 
White Mountains and the range of elevated laud from those 
loftly summits to Agamenticus hills by the ocean in York, while 
beneath the eye are charming landscapes of hill, plain and river, 
all forming an attractive combination of scenery rarely to be 
found in any country. 

CEMETERIES. 

At the corner of Congress and Mountfort streets is the oldest 
burial ground in the city, the "Eastern Cemetery." For over 
two hundred years it has been thus used. Here undoubtedly 



HFM.'a HANI)-I!()()K ( U' l'( )i;i|,A\I). 47 

was our tir.sl settler. Geoi'ge Cleve, interred. IJere also are 
the tombs and monuments of many of the distinguished and 
eminent of the town during two centuries of its existence. 
This venerable cemetery is well worthy of the study of his- 
torians and visitors. The oldest stone that is legible is tiiat of 
Mrs. Mary Green who died May '2'.\, 1717. Parson Smith's 
tomb, Wm. Tyng's monument, Commodore Preble's elegant 
marble structure, the monument of Captains Burrows and 
Blythe, Lieut. Henry VVadsworth's memorial and other tributes 
in stone and mai'ble will interest those who visit this (|uiet 
retreat. Within a few years an elegant monument of polished 
red granite has been erected over the remains of Admiral 
James Alden. This distinguished son of Poi'tland, wjio died 
on the Pacific coast, made it his last request that his body 
l)e transported to Portland and laid by the side of his father 
and mother in this old cemetery. 

WESTEHX CEMKTKUY. 

In 1829 a new Imrial ground was opened on the south side 
of BramhalTs Hill, containing fifteen acres, and soon became a 
popidar place of intenuciit and is well tillcij wjtli handsome 
tombs and moiruments. The most ('onsi)icuoas monuments are 
the one erected to Chief Justice Mellen by the bar of the State, 
and the one to Master Jackson, an old school teacher of the 
town, by Jiis pupils. Among the tombs are those of the Long- 
fellow, l)a\t,'is, Nichols and other ])roniinent families of the 
city. 

KVElKiREEX CEMETEi: V. 

As the older cemeteries in the city began to be crowded 
there was a prevalent feeling that the deail ouulit ti» be buried 
beyond the city limits. In ordei* to gratify the feeling of the 
community, the city in 18;)2 purchased on Steven's Plains in 
Westbrook ( now Deering), three miles from the city, a tract of 
tifty-five acres, and laid out there Evergreen Cemetery, which is 
now one of the lartrest and finest submural cemeteries in the 



48 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

countrv. Additional purchases of land have increased its area 
till it now contains 230 acres. The income and expenditures 
of the cemetery are about $15,000 yearly. The entrance is 
through an avenue bordered l\v shade trees and evergreen 
hedges. It is covered with a various growth of trees and 
evergreen. On the right is the large receiving tomb, built of 
granite and covered with turf except the front. Many costly 
and elegant monuments adorn the grounds. The lots are 
regularly laid out, and the principal style is a granite base with 
turf covered mound. At the western end at the foot of the 
slope are some beautiful ])onds with rustic seats, where children 
Avatch with delight the feeding swans and ducks which float 
upon the waters. This retired spot attracts thousands of 
visitors during the summer days, especially upon Sundays. 
On Memorial Day when the soldiers' graves are decorated 
large crowds of people attend. Evergreen Cemetery can be 
reached by horse cars from the head of Preble street each half 
hour during the day. Evergreen Cemetery is under the charge 
of three commissioners appointed by tlw Mavor for three years. 
The present Board is John J. Gerrish, ^^euel S. iVraxcy,and 
Fred E. Haskell. 

FOREST CITY CEMETERY 

contains about fifty acres, is situated on the Cape Elizabeth 
shore near Vaughan's Bridge, and about two and a half miles 
from the center of the city. It is well laid out, the soil is well 
adapted to the purposes of a cemetery and the lots are all sold 
at inexpensive prices. 

MOUNT CALVARY CEMETERY. 

Before Bishop Bacon took charge of the diocese of Portland 
the Roman Catholics had used a portion of the Western Cem- 
etery, which had been set apart for their exclusive use as a 
burial ground. The Bishop, seeing the need of more enlarged 
accommodations for the exclusive use of the members of his 
denomination, purchased six acres of land in Cape Elizabeth 



Iiri-l/s IIAXD-HOOK OF POinLAXD. 49 

near tlie Boston A' Maine IJailroad. A neat cliapel lias been 
erected on it and the ui'ound consecrated nnder tlu^ name of 
Mount Calvary Cemetery. It is ikiw tlie luiiial |tlace I'or the 
dead of that denomination. It is laid out in lots and lias many 
beautiful monuments consecrated to the memory of the dead. 

PARKS. 

The small area of the city prohibits any extensive system of 
Parks such as other cities are ornamented with. The Prom- 
enades in themselves are extensive pleasure grounds. The 
Deerinu' Park, formerly Deorinu-"s Oaks, immoi'talized by Long- 
fellow in these words 

"I can see tlie breezy dome of groves, 
'I"he sliadows of Deering's woods •,"" 

is the principal public ground of the city. It contains above 
forty acres and was donated to the city by the Deering and 
Preble heirs. (Ireat inijirovements have been made there since 
the city obtained it. A pond has been constructed, walks and 
paths laid out and a music stand built. It is kept in fine order. 
On pleasant days and Sundays it is a favorite resort of many of 
our citizens who beneath its grand old oaks enjoy its cool 
l)reezes and shady resorts. There and in its vicinity in 1689 
was fought a great battle between the Indians and whites. 
(See p. 5.) 

Lincoln Park is a small square containing two and ;i lialf 
acres lying between Congress, Federal, Pearl and Fraid^lin 
streets, and a part of the burnt district. It is surrounded by 
an iron fence resting on granite posts. It has many trees, an 
imposing fountain, concrete ])aths. and seats for the convenience 
of visitors. As a breathing spot in the center of the city it is 
appreciated by its numerous visitors. The site of the I'oinier 
residence of Commodore James Alden forms part of this Park. 

The cemeteries and public grounds of the city are under the 
chai-ge of a commission appointed by the Mayor, each one of 
whom is apjiointed I'or three years. The present commissioners 
are Alon/o W. Smith, .lacob S. Winslow. Herbert G. Briggs. 




THE NEW CITY HALL. 

As it apiUMied at tlio Oonteimial C'elebnitidii, July 4, 1886. 



5l7<^ publiG 3iiildir}(^5. 



CITY, COl-NTV AND IMTHD STATES IU:iI.l)lX(;S. 

'^f'\KEVIOUS to 18:>5 there were no public buildings of any 
I . in)portance here. At the; time of tlie Revolution the 
^ eoui't li()us<\ town h(lll^e and engine house wci'e at ihe 
corner of King and Middle streets and wei'C burnt by Mowatt 
in 1775. The old eenter school house on Congress street was 
subsequently for many years the town house. The school 
houses owned by the town were a few one-stoi-y wooden 
buildings. The iirst brick one was built in 1802, being a 
small building near the Eastern Cemetery. The post office 
was located in u private buihling. tlie last one used being on 
Union street. The custom house had a similar situation at 
the corner of Plum and Fore streets. The first public building 
of any importance was the town hall, now known as the Old 
City Hall, liuilt in 1 s2r). The Cu.stom House that occupied the 
site of the i)resent one on Fore street was built in ISoO. It 
was of stone and was taken down in 18G7 to make place for 
the present fine structure. In 1837 the construction of the 
Merchants' Exchange was begun at the corner of Exchange and 
Middle streets. It was Imilt of granite and was a very 
imposing edifice. Tlic coiniiany that commenced it failed in 
the undei'takin- and il wa> purchased by the city and completed 
in 1840 at a cost of §50,()(»<>. it was occupied for City offices, 
Post Office, United States courts and other offices. The lower 
story of the Imilding on Exchange street was u.sed for stores. 
Th.-'cily sold it to the United States in 1S4!) for $14!).0(M). and 
it was remodeled for a custom house and other United States 
offices. It was totally destroyed by fire in 1854. The ruins 



52 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

were removed and a smaller granite building- erected on the 
site and used for the same ])urposcs. This building went 
through the fire of 186G without destruction as it was con- 
sidered to be fire-proof. After the fire it was found to be so 
much injured by the intense heat to which it had been subjected 
that it was necessary to take it down, and the present elegant 
white marble building, used as the Tost Office and United 
States court house, costing 1400,000, Avas then erected. In 
1786 the county built a new wooden court house on the site of 
the present City Hall. This was removed in 181G and a brick 
court house took its place. This was enlarged and remained 
till 1858. On the lot adjoining was built in 1820 a wooden 
building used in connection with the adjoining court house as a 
State House until the capital was removed to Augusta. This 
wooden building was occupied after the Exchange was sold for 
City offices up to 1860. In 1858 the need of a new building 
for City and County purposes resulted in the completion, in 
1860, of the new City and County buildings at a cost of near 
$200,000, the county contributing the land. This was destroyed 
in the fire of 1866 and re-built in 1867-68, with some slight 
changes, at a cost of $400,000. 

This building, the finest in the State, stands at the head of 
Exchange street, on Congress. It is an imposing structure 
and is a prominent landmark from any part of the city or its 
vicinity. It has a frontage of one hundred and fifty feet, a 
length of two hundred and twenty-one feet, with coiner towers 
seventy-five feet high. The top of the dome is one hundred 
and sixty feet from the street. From it you obtain a fine view 
of the central part of the city, the surrounding country, the 
ocean and islands of Casco Bay. The front of the building 
is built of Nova Scotia Albert freestone, the side and rear walls 
of pressed bi,-ick with Albert stone trimmings. The building 
contains eighty rooms. The City and County offices and Court 
rooms are all here. The basement contains the Police station, 
Municipal Court room and other offices. On the first floor in 
the right wing are the County offices with two court rooms 



HTLL'S H. VXD-HOOK OF-" POIlTI.AM). 53 

above. In tlio Icl't wiii.u' arc the City ollices. in the .second 
story floor is the City Hall, the larii'est and finest in the State, 
one hiiiidred and iliirleeii I'cct Inws. (d'i-hty wide and thirlydivo 
hi'iii li is hnely finished, has a ti'allery on thre'3 sides and will 
«'()iiiaiii three thousand people. This hall is in constant use 
toi- lectures, concerts, theiti'ical pcrConnances. ])Opular gath- 
ering's and political meeting's. Connected with it is a small 
hall called Reception ITall. 

OLD CITY IIALI^. 

As the public sentiment of this city has been expressed in 
favor of the destruction of tins historical building a short 
sketch of its history is now approj^riate. 

This building was erected in 1825, at a cost to the city of 
nearly $20,000, and was called the Town Hall. In 18.32, when 
the town l)ecamo a city, it was called the City Hall. Since 
1 S,^2. when the new City Hall was l)inlt. it lias been called 
Market Hall. The building was used for municipal purposes, 
and the Mechanics Library had a place there for some years. 
The hall was the place where most of the popular assemblies 
of the citizens, concerts and lectures were hidd. till the new 
City Hall was erected. The third story was and is now used 
as an armory and drill room for the independent military 
com{)anies of the city. Tlic h)\vcr stoi'v had always been used 
for stores and a market up to X\)v\\ 24, 1882. 

The ground upon which this building stands has been the 
scene of much that is patriotic and wise. The stirring words 
should be remembered that here rau'j; from the elo(|UeMit lips of 
Sargent S. Prentiss, Samuel Fesscnden, James Appleton, Xathan 
Winslow, Peter ^lorrill. Frederick Douglass. Charles Sumner, 
Wcmlcll Phillij)S, Lloyd Carrison. Parker Pillsluiry. and others. 

It was here that the Free Soil party was formed, the beginning 
of the great events that abolished slavery, and cemented our 
country into one indissoliilile Union. It was here that the first 
soldiers of our city consecrated themselves, their fortunes, and 
their lives to the maintenance of the Union airainst a slave- 




THE OLD CITY HALL. 

As it ai>peaied at the Ceutennutl Celebi-ation, July -i, 18S6. 



hull's haxd-I'.ook ok imii;tlaxi). 55 

holders" rebellion. It was here that they driUed aiul iiiai-ched 
forth to Itattlc — many of" them to death — in defeii(;e of the Hag 
of the nation. It was here that the people rallied to rejoice 
and thank God for the close of the war, and the establishment 
of peace upon the broad foundation of the Declaration of 
Independence. 

Parson Smith says, under date of Autrust 24. 1768: "There 
was a mob to re.-cue Nathan Winslow from jail, but they were 
defeated,'" and \\'illis. in a note, says: "The jail stood where 
the (old) City Hall now stands; the jailer at that time was 
Daniel llsley, father of the late Isaac llsley. He lived in a 
part of the building-. Isaac, who was then three years old, was 
seized IVoiii his lied l)y tlie sei'vant, and carried over the way to 
Dr. Deane's house [now called the Chadwiek House, rear of 
Farrinii'ton lilock.| for i)rotection. Mr. Winslow was com- 
mitted to jail Mav l!(). 17(iS. on an execution in favor of ^\'m. 
Molineux oi" Boston, lor £2,657. The people did not think 
the debt a just one, and that he ought not to be put in jail for 
it, and therefore endeavored to rescue him." 

The recoi'ds of the ownei'ship and transfers of this lot of 
land, so far as we can collect them, are as follows: 

The lot extended from the United States Hotel to the junc- 
tion of Congress and ]\Iiddle streets — about 240 feet on 
Congress street, and 250 feet on ^liddle street, and 125 feet 
adjoining the United States Hotel. It was sold in 17a6 by 
Benjamin Larrabee to dolm Waite. William Cotton, and .lames 
Milk. They sold the lot to the County of York in 175.".. for a 
••j)rison-house."" and a jail was Imilt on the lot, the _iail-yard 
being that part of the lot which now fronts the United States 
Hotel. The balance of the lot west of the j.iil was us<'d for a 
hay market. 

The County ot Voi'k in 17>7 sold the whole lot to the 
County of Cuml)erland. which in 1788 sold the west part ol" it, 
out to the heater, tn Joseph Noyes, Ebenezer and Woodbury 
Storer. In 1791 Xoyes sold his interest to the Storers. The 
balance of the lot, being that pait used for the jail, was con- 



56 hull's hand-book of portlaxd. 

veyed to the town of Portland by the County of Cumberland, 
in exchange for the lot where the City and County buildings 
are now situated, in 1795. One of the conditions of this con- 
veyance was, ' that the lot of land conveyed by this deed afore- 
said, should be appropriated for a market ;" and it was used 
for that purpose previous to the construction of the Town Hall, 
and when the present building was erected in 1824 a market 
was established in the lower story, and so continued for some 
years, the last occupant of a stall being the late Andrew A. 
Osgood. The restriction as to the use of the lot for a market 
was removed by the County in 1857, and subsequently the 
whole lower story leased to Kendall & Whitney. 

That part of the lot owned by Ebenezer and Woodbury 
Storer was 146 feet on Congress, and 156 feet on Middle 
street. They divided this between them in 1792, Ebenezer 
Storer taking the easterly part adjoining the jail lot, and 
Woodbury Storer the westerly [)art, including tde heater part. 
The Storer title through conveyances from various parties, viz : 
Portland Bank, Robert Boyd, John Horton, Samuel Stephenson, 
Stephen Longfellow, Daniel How, Jonas Mills, Joseph Thaxter, 
Nathaniel Shaw, and Stephen Borden, became vested in the 
Town of Portland in 1824. It was then occupied by wooden 
buildings, and they were removed, and the Town Hall was 
built. Most of these conveyances were by quitclaim deeds, 
and the condition in Joseph Thaxter's deed was '-that the same 
shall be occupied and improved for a Town Hall or Market 
House, or as an avenue or appurtenant to, or privilege of, a 
Market House or Town Hall." The city in 1871 paid the 
heirs of Joseph Thaxter $2,000 for their lease of this condition. 

A portion of this lot is undoubtedly part of the land 
conveyed from George Burroughs to John Shillings in 1683 
and 1686. In 1792 the Shillings heirs claimed to own it, and 
leased it to Enoch Ilsley for 99 years, from April 10, 1792, 
which lease expires in 1891. This lease was recorded Aug. 
20, 1869, and if it is sustained the city will have not a small 
sum to pay. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 57 

SCHOOL HOUSES. 

In tlii.s class of building's g-reat improvements iiave been made 
witliin the past thirty years. The principal school edifices in 
the city are, High School lor boys and girls on Cumberland 
street, North School on Congress street, Shailer School on 
North street, Butler School corner of West and Pine, Can-oil 
Street School on Carroll street. These are all model l)iiildings 
furnished with all the modern improvements necessary for 
school houses. 

The buildings now owned by tlie city including school houses 
and engine houses are over thirty-live in number and are valued 
at about $S0O.()0O. 

COUNTY I'.CILDIXOS 

The oidy Imilding owned by the County of Cumberland is 
the jail and work shop, situated on the square bounded by 
Greenlcaf. Madison, Anderson and Monroe streets. This is a 
large building built of granite and brick, the keeper's house in 
the center being built of brick ;ind the two wings of granite. 
This is the jail proper. A l)rick work shop adjoins, connected 
with one of the wings. The jail was Iniilt in 1859 at a cost of 
al)out $l()(i.O()0. 



-^^^^\y^. 



pire DepartfTiept, Ete. 



FIRE ALARM, POLICE TELEGRAPH, GAS LIGHTS, ELECTRIC LIGHTS, 
TELEPHONES AND WATER WORKS. 

f|n"f HE city has a very effective Fire Department consisting of 
^ ' five steam engine companies, seventeen men each, one hose 
..^ company, twelve men, three hook and ladder companies, 
twelve men each, one hand engine company on Peaks Island. 
There is a chief engineer, and four assistants. The apparatus 
consists of six steam fire engines, one liose carriage, three 
hook and ladder carriages, one hand engine on Peaks Island. 
The expenditures for the Department for 1886-87 was $22,000. 

FIRE ALARM AND POLICE TELEGRAPH. 

The system used in this city is that of the Gainewell 
Company, which was (the fire alarm) fii'st introduced here in 
1867. There are 56 alarm boxes in difierent parts of the city, 
8 bell strikers attached to church bells, 6 engine house gongs, 
75 tapper gongs, 45 miles of wire. 

The Police Telegraph Avas put into operation in 1887. 
There are 20 signal stations with telephones and office appa- 
ratus. A patrol wagon with two drivers forms part of the 
system and is kept in constant readiness to answer to calls. 
The telezraph system is under the charge of Levi Cummings, 
City Electrician, whose office is in the third story of the City 
Building. Telephones are largely used in this city, the number 
of subscribers here being over 700. They were first introduced 
here about ten vears since. 



hull's hand-book of porti>ani). 59 

the portland (jas lkiht company. 

The Portland Gas Light Company was incorj)orated in 1849, 
and the construction of its works began in ISoO. The works 
of the Company arc situated on West Coniuicrcial street near 
the foot of Clark street. Its mains are extended into nearly 
all the streets of the city. The capital stock of the Company 
is $350,000, of whicli the city owns $85,000. A regular 
annual dividend often percent, is paid. Within the past live 
years extra dividends amounting to over one iiundred per cent, 
have been paid. The price of gas to consumers is $1.80 per m. 
feet. No street lamps are now lighted by gas, electric lights 
having taken their place. The office of the Company is at No. 
55 Exchange street. Edwai-d H. Daveis, President ; Samuel 
Rolfe, Treasurer. 

ELECTRIC LKJHTS. 

The first introduction of this mode of lighting was in ls84. 
Several companies have been I'oniied here and different systems 
used. These Companies are all now consolidated into The 
Consolidated Electric Light Company, whose works are situ- 
ated on Plum street. The city streets are lighted by this 
Company wlio furnish 1()8 arc lights and 250 incandescent 
ligiits. Franklin .1. Kollins is the Pi'csident and (leori^e 1\ 
Wescott the Treasurer of the Company. 

WATER WORKS. 

Previous to the lire of 18G() the subject of tlie introdut-tion 
of water into the city was at dill'erent times considered by the 
citizens and the City Government. The late F. O. J. Smith 
had jiroposeij to use the ("uiubcrhiiid and < >xlbrd Canal to 
l)ring water from Sebago Lake to the basin near the foot of 
Bramhall liill, and by pumping, supply a reservoir to be built 
on the hill, and furnish the city from that source. Another 
l>rqiect was to build a dam at the lower Presumpscot Falls and 
by the ]>o\ver there obtnined to force the watei' into a reservoir 



60 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

to be coustriicted on Graves' or Munjoy Hill, and to distribute 
from there to the city. It was claimed that the laying of pipes 
in the streets of the city, on account of the large rock formation, 
would 1)6 very expensive, and all these water projects subsided. 
In February 1866, the Portland Water Company was incor- 
porated to bring water from Long Creek in Cape Elizabeth 
for the supply of the city. After the great fire of 1866 there 
was a great interest felt in regard to the introduction of water 
into the city, and in 1867 the company's charter was amended 
so as to take the water from Lake Sebago. The company was 
organized and the first ground broken at Saccarappa village, 
May 4, 1867. The water was let into the pipes of the city 
July 4, 1870, the latter occasion being celebrated by a military 
and civic parade. Lake Sebago from whence the water is 
taken is sufficent to supply the largest city in the world, being- 
four hundred feet in depth, and with its tributary lakelets more 
than two hundred square miles in superficial extent. It is 267 
feet above tide water at Portland, so that its water can be 
carried into the highest building in the city. The water from 
the lake is received into a brick conduit 4 feet broad and 4^ 
high a little more than a mile in length, constructed part of the 
way through a ledge of hard rock to the lower gate house, 
from thence two mains 20 and 24 inches in diameter in the 
clear composed of iron lined and covered with cement, con- 
duct the water through the town of Standish, thence by 
the highway through Gorham and the villages of Saccarappa 
and Stroud water across the bridge to the easterly bank of Fore 
river, and thence by the main road to tlie reservoir on Bram- 
hall Hill, bounded by Vaughan, Brackett and Chadwick streets. 
This reservoir, which has an area of one hundred thousand 
square feet, has a capacity of about twelve million gallons. A 
new reservoir on Munjoy Hill between North street and the 
Eastern Promenade is being constructed at a cost of about 
$100,000 and will have a capacity of twenty million gallons, 
and cover nearly six acres of ground. When this reservoir is 
completed it is intended to use both 2'eservoirs to supply the 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 61 

low levels of the city. The liiuii levels to l»e supplied direel 

IVoiu the lake. The viliao'e of Cumberland Mills is connected 

liy a lii'aiieli pipe fioiii the main at Saccarappa, also Stroud- 

water villa,t>:e and the Kefonii School have a supply of water 

fioin the main pip<'. A larjje portion of the town of Deering, 

i>y a contract made with the town, has the benefit of water 

supplied l)y this comj)any through a main leading across 

Deering's Bridge. Within a short time it is expected that the 

pipes Avill be extended across Portland Bridge into portions of 

the town of Cape Elizabeth. The company supplies water to 

the city for its public buildings and fire purposes free. For 

water for other ])urposes the city pays the company S4,000 

yearly. There are in the city 300 hydrants. The offices of 

of the company are at No. 33 Plum street. IX W. Chuk. 

I'rcsident : George P. Wescott, Treasurer. 

its 



-^^^^Wih-^-^ 



'6f)(i publiG S(;f70ols a^d Otf/er Edu(;a(:io9al 
Ipstitutiops. 



KoTE.— The principal part of this paper if takoii from the article written l)v Edwaril II. 
Elwell, Esq., "The Schools of Portland." 

^r^HE early laws of Massachusetts required every towu, 
11 under penalty, to support one school-master constantly, 
i^ and those containino; one hundred families to maintain a 
grammar school. The present school system of Portland is the 
culmiuative growth from feeble beginnings till it lias reached 
the present important situation. 

The first definite mention of the engagement of a school- 
master appears in 1733 when Robert Bayley was hired at a 
sahiry of seventy pounds to keep six months upon the Keck, 
three months at Purpooduck, and three on the north side of 
Back Cove. Mr. Bayley was succeeded in 1736 by a Mr. 
Sewall, and in 1739-41 by Nicholas Hodge, a Harvard student. 
After him came Samuel Stone who kept a school on Fore 
street at the foot of (now) Center. In 1745 came Stephen 
Longfellow, great grandfather of the poet, who opened a school 
at the corner of Middle and (now) Pearl streets. He con- 
tinued to be the principal instructor in town until 1760. 
Another school was however opened in 1763 by John Wiswell 
who afterwards became the first rector of St. Paul's Church. 
Succeeding school-masters on the Neck w. re Peter T. Smith, 
son of Rev. Thomas, one Mr. Wallace an Englishman, Jona. 
Webb in 1756, Moses Holt in 1770, one Lyon an old country, 
man, David Wyer and Theophilus Bradley afterwards promi- 
nent lawyers, and Judge Samuel Freeman who kept in a 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 63 

school house at the corner ol' Middle and kiiiL'; ( now India; 
streets. After the Revolution a period of renewed activity 
and prosperity set in. and a new interest was awakcnf(i in the 
cause of education. In 1786 the town voted to build a school 
house in the center of the town. h\ 1788 they voted to have 
three school houses: and the same year they voted to ludld a 
school house at the south end of the town. The early .'•xhools 
were all taught by masters. The earliest dame school we hear 
of was one kept ))revious to the Revolution by Mrs. Clark on 
riuni street. Miss Sarah Thrasher was a famous teacher in 
her day. She was one of the lirst primary school teachers of 
the town. Miss Bowers kept a private school many years 
since, in a lane leading from Plum to Union street. Mrs. Ilobbs. 
Miss Simon ton, the Haines and Lowells are well remembered 
now as being successful female teachers. The iirst grammar 
school was the Noi'th school, which was kept in a building on 
the northwest corner of Middle and King (now India) street. 
The building was removed in 1774. After the Revolution 
another school building ^vas erected in the same spot and con- 
tinued there till 1816 when it was sold at auction and the 
proceeds appropriated to the construction of the school liouse 
neai- the burying ground. 

In 1802 the first brick school house was built. I think tliiit 
it was a small Iniildinu' which stood in the rear of the Noi'th 
school house lot on Congress street near the burying ground. 
The succession of the early teachers in this school were Nich- 
olas Loring, Master Boynton, Master Jenkins, Royal Gurley, 
Albert Winslow, Samuel Kelley, Master Whitinorc and Henry A. 
Jones, uj) to 1850. The Center grammar school was in a two- 
storied w^ooden building on Congress street opjiosite the head 
of Chapel street. It was in i)art occupied by the Portland 
Academy, and the lower story was used as a Town House. It 
was luirnt in the fire of 1866. The teachers who kept there 
were Stephm Cotlmi. .Master Moody, Moses Hall, Hugh Triiicc, 
Caleb Chasr and others. 

Til \X-1A the Latin C.rammar School was kept there l\v 



64 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Joseph Libby. The first Grammar Scliool was opened in it. 

In 1810 there were thirty schools in the town exclusive of 
the Academy, viz : four public schools for boys, four for girls, 
three private schools for boys. Misses Martin's boarding school, 
eighteen private schools for young children. 

In September 1825 there were nine public schools. Total 
scholars, 1,038. 

The South school was kept about 1820 in a large square one 
story wooden building which stood at the northeast corner of 
Center and Free streets. The early teachers in this school 
were Rev. Charles Freeman, Master Moody, Hugh Prince and 
Capt. Cornelius Barnes, who in 1824 was succeeded by Henry 
Jackson who held the school until the close of his life in 1850. 
In 1828 the school was removed from Center street to a low 
brick building on Spring street near Oak. In 1814 a mixed 
school was kept in a building near the corner of State 
and Spring streets. It was kept by Isaac Weston, John A. 
Douglass and Peter Merrill. It subsequently became a grammar 
school for girls. 

HIGH school. 

In 1821 the Latin School was organized and kept in the 
Center School House on Congress street. Subsequently the 
school was divided into two schools, a Latin School and a 
High School, and kept in a brick school-house on the corner 
of Oak and Spring streets. They were afterwards united 
into one under the name of English High School and kept by 
Master Joseph Libby up to 1850 when he resigned. The 
Girls' High School was established in 1850 and first kept by 
Moses Woolson. The two High Schools for boys and girls 
were united in 1863. Wm. P. Tucker was the principal with 
seven assistants. The elegant school building on Cumberland 
street was built in 1863. 

Of the Primary Schools we have not space to mention. 
Of the many private schools that were established Portland 
Academy was the principal one. It was discontinued some 



hull's IL\.\I)-U()()K of I'ORTLAND. 65 

years since and its funds translencd to other societies. 
Other schools were kept \'nv l)()\s liy Masters Loririg, Greeley, 
Neal, Hacker. P.ickuiil ;iiid others: foi' u'irls. hy Misses Martin, 
Mayo, Cross. Ivcllog. Thaxter. Murray, Neal, Paine, Rev. S. 
Adams, Master Furbish and others. There are but few private 
schools now in the city, the pulilic schools havin<r almost 
entirely snii])lanted them. A boys Latin School which has a 
military discipline, the scholars wearing uniforms, is now kept 
at Union Hall by Masters Leighton and Crane. This school 
has a high rank and is considered as among the best of our 
educational institutions. There are a number of Catholic Paro- 
chial sciiools under the ch;ii-ge of some of the Catholic sister- 
hood. There are n(tw in this city 22 public schools. 163 
teachers, 6.339 scholars, viz: boys o.dOS, girls 2,731. 

MAINE CHARITAHLE MECHANICS ASSOCIATION. 

This association was organized in 1815. Its objects were 
the promotion of Mechanic arts, the diffusion of knowledge and 
the support of the Apprentices Library. Its membership 
during its seventy-three years of existence has been from the 
Itesl representatives of our mechanical industries. Its first 
olTicers were John Phillips, President; Phineas Yarnum, Vice 
President: John Leavitt. Treasurer ; Benj. T. Chase. Secretary. 
A library was tbrmed in 1 820 which continues to the present 
time. In June 1816 the first anniversary was celebrated by n 
procession, oration at Second Parish church by Joseph Poj)e. 
Esq., and a dinner at Burnham's Hotel. In 1826 the first fair 
was held, showing the handiwork of members of the association. 
In 1838 a second fair was held in the old City Hall, which was 
a success. In 1854 the third fair was held in the old City 
Hall and Lancaster Hall and a temj)orary buildinL:- on Market 
S<piare. the buildings being connected by bridges. In IS.')!! a 
fourth fair, and the most successful one, was heUl in the new 
City Hall. For want of a suitable hall the early meetings of 
the association were held in ditferent places. Washington 
Mechanics Hall on Fore street opposite the present Custom 



HULLS HAND-HOOK (»K I'OltTLAND. Hi 

lioiisc, I5urnluuu's IJotcl wlicrr the Cuscu iJaiik now .-taiids, a 
hall over the Canal Bank on Union street, the old State House 
where the eastern corner of the ( Mty Hall now stands, and 
other halls Avere thus occupied. Tiic present nol)le building 
on the corner of Congress and Casco streets was built by the 
association and dedicated in li^.lO. Tiie association became 
•quite embarassed on account of tiiis building, Init after some 
years of prudent management it was relieved from del)t and the 
building is now a source of income to the association. The 
library now contains over 4000 volumes. During the winter 
weekly lectures and debates are held in the Lil>rary roouL 
Its officers are John B. Thorndikc, President ; Thomas L. 
Laughlin, Vice President; Augustus F. Gerrish, Treasurer ; R. 
B. Swift, Rec. Sec: Wni. S. l.ow.dl. Cor. Sec. 

I'ORTLAXK PriJI.Ic I.IHRAHV. 

This Library was incorporated in 1867 soon after the great 
lire which destroyed most of the books then in the city accessible 
to the public. By the generosity of the city government 
rooms Avere fitted and ottered for the use of the Library in 
the City Hall in Mai-ch 1S6S. Tiie Library then and there 
opened with a collection of 4000 volumes of well chosen 
miscellaneous books for the use of Ihc pulillc. Tlie name of 
the corporators are Ethcn Shepley, Wm. P. Fessendcn. Lsrael 
Washburn. Jr.. John Xeal, John C. Stockl)ridge. John Rand. 
Wm. Willis. John I>. Brown. \V\n. H. Fi'iiii. Lorcii/.o P. M. 
Sweat. Henry P. Deane, SamiH'l 11. SpiiiiL;- uml Edwin C. 
Bolles. Ml'. l']dward A. Xoyes was libi-arian ami Mr. .b)hn J. 
W. Reeves clerk. The Library is still located in City Hall 
and although its increase has not been ra]>id, it has reached 
the number of .'51, 000 volumes, among which are many valuable 
books of refci-ence and a good collection of United States 
doc-uments and local pajiers. The Lil»rary though not a free 
circulatiuu" one* is free to all comers foi- the use of its books 



*Tlie question of making the Library free ik-peiiils on tlic action of the city ^rovcrnincnt. 
It is now under consiilenition. 



68 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

on the premises, and its books are loaned for home use for a 
subscription of $2.00 a year to any citizen, wlio for this has the 
privilege of taking away two books at any one time. In Sep- 
tember last the corner stone was laid for a new building which 
is being erected by James P. Baxter, Esq., for the permanent 
quarters of the Public Library. There is certainly need of 
more room and it is hoped this building will prove all that is 
desired and that the Library may soon be established in the 
building and made free circulating to the citizens ot Portland. 
The present board of officers are J. W. Symonds, Pres. ; Wm. 
L. Putnam, E. A. Noyes, H. B. Brown, L. D. M. Sweat, P. H. 
Brown, H. W. Bryant, J. H. Drummond, N. Webb, A. W. H. 
Clapp, J. P. Baxter, R. M. Richardson, C. E. Jose, C. F. Libby, 
C. J. Chapman, F. Fessenden, Henry Deering, G. E. B. Jackson. 
M. B. Coolidge, clerk, S. M. Watson, librarian. 

PORTLAND SOCIETY OP NATURAL HLSTORY 

was organized in 1843. The burning of the Exchange building 
in which they had rooms in 1854 destroyed their valuable 
collection, and again by the fire of 1866 the society sufiered a 
severe loss. A fine brick and stone building on Elm street was 
in 1880 erected for the Society and is noAv occupied by them. 
Their cabinets and collections are large and are open for 
exhibition on Saturdays to the puljlie. The present officers are 
Dr. William Wood, President; Joseph P. Thompson. Vice 
President ; John M. Gould, Secretary. 

MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 

incorporated in 1822, was moved to Portland from Brunswick 
in 1880, and has occupied rooms in the third story of the City 
Hall. It is soon expected to occupy a portion of the new 
building on Congress street, the gift of James P. Baxter, Esq. 
to the Society and the Public Library. Its library contains 
9,000 books and as many pamphlets. It is open to the public 
every afternoon. Hon. James W. Bradbury, President ; James 



hull's hand-hook of I'OUTI.ANI). 69 

p. Baxter. Wi-r Prcsidciil : II. W. Ilivmil. Lilirnrian ami 
Recording Secntaiv. 

MAINI-: OKXKAIJMIICAL SOCIKTY, 

or<:"aiii/.('(| in jssl; rooiin in ("ity Hall: lueetinu's. tiiifil Tues- 
day in .laniiary. Apiil. .Iiily ami ( )i'i<)lii'r. Fabius M. Ray, 
PresidiMil : M. F. KinL;-. Nic- ric^idcnt : I-'. ( >. Cona lit, Secretary. 

GORGES SOCIETY, 

organiz('(l in 1SS4: for (•dllectiim- ami iniMi-liiii'^- lii-turiral 
documents relatins- to the State ol" .Maine. .laiiic- 1*. IJaxtcr. 
Pre.-^ident : Gcorn'c P. Kand. Secretary. 

Y0rN'(; .MK.\"s CIIIIISII AX ASSOCIATION". 

or!i"uni/,e(l in 18.")."): hall, readinu' room and library, Farrington 
Block. 4.l'.» Coiiuress street. (iospel meetings, Sunday at 
9.15 a. 111.. 4..)i> [). 111. Rooms o|)eii to members and visitors 
daily. N\'. S. Corey. President: Chailes Dunn. .Ir.. Reeoi-ding 
Secretary. 

inTRTI.AXD .SOrilOTV or \i:T. 

for the develo|»iiient of art in !*oitlaiid. An Art IJiiihliiig was 
erected in 1S,S4. Entrances are from (')<)!> Congress and S 
Deeriug streets. Rooms are o|»eii ilaily fr(nii !<• a. m. to !• p. 

III. ('Iiarle- !■'. Lililiy. President: Win. ."^. Lowell. .Secretary. 

LONGFELLOW STATIK ASSOCLVTION', 

organized in issi^ to rui.-e funds and erect a luon/.e -tatiic of 
ITenry W . Poiii^lellow in lii- iiati\i' city. ('Iiarle,- !•'. I.ibby. 
President. It is e.xpccteil that the >tatiie will be |ilaced at 
the head of State street this siimmer. 

There are many other literary, siientilic and educational 
associations in Portland of which the details in this chai>ter 
cannot be u'i\en. .Viiioiil;- tlieni are the Rarrett Literary and 
l)iaiiKitic .\s<o(ialioii. in I. A. \l. A. Mall, Plum >treri ; .b.lin W. 
|)iiiin. President. ( 'omzrcjat ioiial ("liili: i\e\ . ( '. 11. I>aniels. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAJSfD. 70 

President. Cumberland Bar Association : Sewall C. Stroiit, 
President. Cumberland County Medical Society : Dr. Charles 
D. Smith, President. Grattan Literary Association : Joseph A. 
McGowan, President. Greenleaf Law Liljrary : Charles F. 
Lib])y, President. Maine Medical Association: Dr. F. C. 
Thayer of "Waterville, President. Portland Clinical Society: 
Dr. L. W. Pendleton, President. Portland ^lethodist Preachers' 
Meeting : Rev. Wm. S. Jones, President. Portland Medical 
Club : Dr. A. K. P. Meserve, President. Practitioner's Club : 
Dr. F. H. Gerrish, President. White Mountain Club : Rev. 
Tliomas Hill. D. D., President. 



^^^:^.^f£^'^^f^^^ 



fJeu;5paper5. past ar^d pre3(^9L 



"^^ITE first nowrjpaper in Falmouth, now Portland, was called 
the Falmoiitli Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, and was 
pulili.-lii'd .lannary 1. 17>") liy i>enjaniin 'riteonib and 
Thomas B. Wait. In 17''^() the name was changed to Cum- 
berland Gazette. In 1"9() a paper called the Gazette of Maine 
was published. In 1702 the name of Cuinl)erland Gazette was 
changed to Eastern Herald. In 17!)6 the two papers were 
consolidated under the name of Eastern Herald and Gazette. 
The Oriental Ti unipet was printed in 179(j, and the Portland 
Gazette in 17'.i^. In 1 s(t4 all these papers Avere united under 
the name of Portland Gazette. In 1803 the Eastern Argus was 
estaldished as a republican paper, the Gazette being Federal. 
Both of these papers representing op]>osite political ideas 
continue tt) the pieseiit day. the Gazette as the Portland Adver- 
tiser, the Argus retaining its original name. 

The following list comprises as far as can be ascertained, 
the names of all i)apers that have been published here since 
the above, aiul at <u- near the dates nienii-iunl : 1^21. Free- 
man's Friend, Inde|)endent .Statesman: lMi2. American Patriot, 
Christian Mirror. Christian Intelligencer and Gospcd Advocate; 
182'), E.\|-eriment : 1^27. Zion- Advocate: 1828, Yankee; 
1829, Courier. Family Reader: 1 s;{(). Sabbath School Instructor. 
World in a Nutshell. Maine Wesleyan Journal : 1832. Christian 
Pilot; 1833. Jeflersonian : 1835. Standaid W..ikingmen"s Ad- 
vocate; 183G. .loiiiiial (if l\ef«>rni. Daily Times. Athemeum ; 
1837. Genius. Political N(»strum. 'J'lanscripl. Portlander: 1839, 
Youth's Monitor. Argus Revived. I'niv.'rsalist Palhulium: 1840. 
Tribune: 1^41. Eastern Farmer. Eastern Rose Pud. Family 



72 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Instructor; 1842, Wreath, Religious Instructor, American, 
Yankee Farmer; 1843. Pleasure Boat; 1844, Portland Daily 
Express; 1845, Chariot of Love; 1848, Umpire, Inquirer, 
Northern Pioneer; 1849, Orion, Eclectic; 1850, Temperance 
Journal, Watchman. Peace Washingtonian ; 1853, State of 
Maine; 1859, Evening Courier, Evening Star ; 1862, Portland 
Press; 1864, Observer; 1866, Riverside Echo, Journal of 
Educaton; 1871, Good Seed; 1872, The State, North East; 
1882, Item, Evening News. Papers may have been estab- 
lished which are not included in the above. The papers 
which now remain and are published here are the following, 
viz. : Zion's Advocate, rel., weekly ; Christian Mirror, rel., 
weekly ; Transcript, literary, weekly and monthly ; Press, 
rep., daily and weekly ; Eastern Argus, dem., daily, tri-weckly 
and weekly; Advertiser, rep., daily and weekly; Evening 
Express, rep., daily ; Sunday Times, ind. : Sunday Telegram, 
ind. ; Sunday School Reporter, rel., quarterly ; North East, 
epis., monthly ; Bethel Flag, rel., mon. ; Ambassador, rel., mon. ; 
Masonic Token ; Globe, ind. ; Herald, temp. ; Pythian Herald, 
K. of P. : Live Stock Monthly ; Odd Fellows' Register, month- 
ly ; Masonic Journal, monthly : Board of Trade Journal. 

daily eastern ARGUS. 

The Eastern Argus is the oldest living paper published in 
the State of Maine, beginning in 1803. It was established to 
support the administration of Thomas Jefferson, and lias been 
unswervingly I>emocratic to the present date. Calvin Day and 
Nathaniel Willis were the founders. The latter was the father 
of the distinguished N. P. Willis and the gifted Fanny Fern. 
The Argus was born in troublesome times. The editor soon 
went to jail on account of liis free speech. In 1808 Francis 
Douglass purchased the Argus. On his death a year later 
Thomas Todd <k Co. became proprietors, and it has ad- 
vanced from a small weekly paper to its present daily, tri- 
weckly and weekly edition. Its proprietors and editors have 
been numerous. Some of the best editorial ability of the 



hull's hand-I!(I(»k of i'()irri,A\D. 73 

country lia.s eni'iclied its coluinns. F. O. .1. Smiili, lluuh \V. 
(Ji-('(Mi. .foliii Applctou. (Miarles Holden, are amoii^ tlioso who 
liave 1)0011 on its oditoi-ial stafT. Jolin M. Adams is now tlie 
sole ])roprietor and editor-in-cliiol". Associated with him are 
Philip W. Mclntire, associate editor, James L. Tryon, night 
editor, Edward S. Osgood, city editor, Oscar R. Wish, business 
manager. There are also a marine reporter, day foreman, night 
Ibi'oman. special local reporters and a force of night and 
day I'onipositors. The local (l('j)ai-iiiiriit ol' thr Argus has 
grown to bo an im{)ortant feature, and every year its scope 
l)ecomes broader. The editorial and olVice rooms have lately 
been refitted, and will compai-c favorably with any apartments 
for similar use in New England. The Argus is printed on a 
Hoe double cylinder press, capable of ])rinting 5.000 impres- 
sions an hour. It contains the latest tclogranis and news of 
the day. It is jd'intcd in the nioi'ning in season for the mails 
and early delivery in Portland and the adjoining towns. 

PORTLAND I)AII-V PRESS. 

The Poillaiid Haily Press is a morning newspaper publishetl 
every day except Sundays. In iiolitics it is Rei)ul)lican. The 
Press was established in June ISIVJ, l)y Newell A. Fostoi-. John 
T. Gilnum and Josei>h K. Hall, and proved successful from the 
start. Mr. Hall retired within a year after the publication of 
the paper began. Mi-. Foster continued to manage tli(^ paper 
until his death in iMiS. Mr. Gilnian was editor until IStiT 
when he retired and was succeeded \>y Mr. II. W. i»'iehardson, 
now editor of the Portland Advertiser. In Xovcmber. IS(;s. 
after Mr. Foster's tleath. the Portland Pui>lishing Conipauy 
was formed and bought the pajier. .Mr. George H. Knowlton. 
of Biddoford. liecame mana'^iiig editor and continut^d in control 
of the editorial department until his death, lie was succeeded 
by Mr. Geo. Gilford, of Vassall)oro. now con-nl at La Kochelle, 
France. in Manli \^~- Mi-. (Jillbrd retired and was suc- 
ceeded by Ml-. Staidey T. Pulleii who lu'came editi>r-in-chief 
and proprietor. |)Ositious which he fdled until 1S'^."I. when he 



74 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

disposed of his interest and Mr. James P. Baxter became the 
principal owner. Mr. Walter Allen, then of the Boston Adver- 
tiser, was elected editor. A year later he retired and was 
succeeded by Mr. L. H. Cobb, who is editor to-day. The man- 
agement of the Press is in a board of directors chosen annually 
by the stockholders. At present the board consists of Mr. 
James P. Baxter, Mr. Sidney W. Thaxter, Hon. Charles F. 
Libby, Hon. W. W. Thomas Jr., and Mr. George S. Hunt. 
Mr. Baxter is president, and Mr. Stephen Beriy secretary and 
treasurer. The active business manager of the paper is Mr. 
Joseph B. Nutter. The Press is the largest daily in Portland, 
and its dail}^ and weekly editions circulate throughout the state. 

PORTLAND DAILY ADVERTISER. 

The Portland Advertiser is the 'dineal descendant." to use 
Mr. Willis' phrase, of the Falmouth Gazette and Weekly Adver- 
tiser, founded in 1785 by Thomas B. Wait, the first newspaper 
in Maine. After the town of Portland was incorporated, the 
Falmouth Gazette became the Portland Gazette and was pub- 
lished under that name weekly and semi- weekly, for many years. 
In 1831 the daily edition began, and for this the title Advertiser, 
which had been dropped, was revived. The weekly edition was 
still called the Gazette, but that too, in time, became the 
Portland Advertiser, 'i'he paper represented successfully the 
Federalist, Whig and Republican parties until 1862, when it 
fell into the hands of the late F. O. J. Smith, who in the heat 
of the civil wur turned against the war party the newspaper 
upon which they had always relied for counsel and encour- 
agement. The place which the Advertiser thus abandoned was 
soon filled by the Daily Press. In 1866 the daily edition 
of the Advertiser was suspended, but the weekly continued 
without interruption, and in 1868 the printing material, sub- 
scription list and the right to revive the daily edition were sold 
to the present proprietor for $.3400. The daily was at once 
revived as an evening Republican paper, and the Advertiser is 
now firmly re-established and apparently good for another 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. (0 

Iiiiiidrcd years. It does not claiiii tlic place of a pai-ty oruaii. 
tliat place is filled and well tilled by the Press ; but has steadily 
advocated, within the party, for twenty years, certain principles 
which, though not unanimously accepted at first, have one after 
another been approved liy the party and by the country — 
general l)ut not universal amnesty to rebels, i-estoration of 
specie payments, reform of the civil service, revision of the 
system of taxation adoj)ted (biiiim- the war, and as free 
commercial intercourse with our neighbors in Canada as can 
reasonably l)e maintained. 

EVENIN'G EXPRESS. 

The first number of the Evening E.Kpress was issued Oct. 
1 2th, 1882, from 55 Union Street, by A. W. Laughlin editor 
and proprietor. Its size was 13x25 inches, 20 columns. It 
was sold for one cent per copy. At the l)eginning of the second 
year it was enlarged to 24 columns, size 17x29 i^, the columns 
being lengthened four inches. The price was raised to two 
cts. per copy. The year 1886 saw a number of changes in the 
Express. Jan. 1st, 1886, Mr. A. A. Melvin purchased a half 
interest and assumed the editorship. In March of that year it 
was again enlarged by adding four inches to the length of its 
columns. June 5th Mr. A. A. Melviu's interest was sold to 
Wm. H. Smith of Portland, who took editorial control. In 
Sept. the Exj)ress establisliment was removed from 55 Union to 
88 Exchange street, wliere it had litted up Imiidsome offices, 
putting in a new press, boilei', engine, etc. In October the firm 
of Laughlin cV Smith sold their interest in the Express to a cor- 
poration under tiie style of Evening Express Publishing Co., A, 
W. Laughlin, Treas. and Ibis. Man''j"i'. the board of Directors 
of which are S. V\. Small, S. L. Larraliee. Alliion l^ittle. A. W. 
Laughlin, Clarence Hale. Fred X. Dow, II. B. Cleaves. Nov. 
1st the paper was eiilarge(l to 2S coluiiuis. size 24x."'»(). and on 
the intliof the same month, owing to a jiress of business, it was 
again enlarged to .■>2 eolunms, size 24x40 at which size it has 
since remained. In Feby 1887. the Express circulation had 



76 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

increased so rapidly that a Hoe double cylinder press and two 
folders were put in. 

In June Mr. Wm. H. Smith having become interested in a 
business enterprise that required his whole attention, resigned 
his position as editor of the paper and Col. Wm. E. Stevens 
assumed the editorship, which position he now holds. The 
Express remained in its quarters at 88 Exchange street until 
Feb'y 1, 1888, when, owing to want of room, it removed to 13 
Market Square, where it had fitted up- a commodious and 
handsome office, occupying three floors and basement. The 
Express has the largest circulation of any daily in the State. 

THE PORTLAND TRANSCRIPT, 

in April, 1888, entered upon its fifty-second volume. For over 
half a century, this paper has maintained a leading position 
among the literary weeklies of the country, its specialty being 
wholesome reading for the home circle. Founded by the late 
Charles P. Illsley in 1837, it has ever since been a favorite 
family paper, and has extended its circulation, not only all over 
New England, l)ut into every State and Territory of the Union; 
has thousands of readers in the Dominion of Canada ; it is sent 
each week to every country on the globe. For the past forty 
years it lias been under the same management as now, and for 
nearly thirty years there has been no change whatever in its 
ownership. Edward H. Elwell liecame editor of the Tran- 
script in 1848, and also one of its proi)rietors. In 1855, 
Samuel T. Pickard who had then for two or three years been 
puV)lishing the Portland Eclectic, by a union of the two papers, 
became one of the owners of the Transcript, and associate 
editor. In 1860 Charles W. Pickard was taken into the firm 
and has since been the business manager. 

The Portland Transcript under this steady and competent 
management has attracted a list of contributors, of wliich not 
only the paper but the city and the State have reason to be 
proud. Many of the writers whose first contributions were 
published in the Transcript are now poets, novelists and scien- 



HULLS HAND-ROOK OF PORTLAND. 



77 



Sts ol lint iiiii;il it'|iiit;iti()ii. Its doiiicst ic ;iii(l t'orciLi'ii coitc- 
loiidciicc is Nciy hii-Lic 'I'lic licst w liters (if short stories in 
10 country tuniisli for it l)rilliaiit aiul attractive sketches. The 
3WS of tlie city and of the State is ^iven each week in coni]>act 
inii and all iiii|Mirtaiit events in the coiiiiti-N' and altroa*! are 
iroiii(dcd. A iiKiiitlily sii|i|)lciiicnt is ])rinl('d, ol" the same size 
■; the weekly, under the title of the 'I'ranscript ^lonthlv. This 
lille(| with lioiiseliold and au'riciilt ural matter, scieiit ilic niis- 
'llaiiw imliist rial notes, natural liistorv. etc. 



1%.^' 



-^^^-i^mi 



Qty, Qoupty apd UY)\t(^d Jtati^s Officios. 



CITY OFFICERS. 

fHE legislative power is vested in the Mayor, seven 
Aldermen, one from each ward, and twenty-one Coun- 
cilmen, three from each ward. Tlie executive power is 
vested in the Mayor and Aldermen. The term of office of the 
Mayor, Aldermen and Common Councilmen is one year. They 
are elected on the second Monday of March. The salaries 
paid to the city officials are : Mayor, $1,500 a year ; City 
Clerk, and as secretary of board of health, $1,400, certain fees, 
and $400 for clerk; City Treasurer, $2,500; City Engineer, 
$2,000; City Auditor, $1,400; City Marshal $1,500; Street 
Commissioner, $1,500. The expenditure for salaries was in 
in 1886-7 $29,044 ; in 1869-70 it was $23,733. Police salaries 
1886-7 amounted to $30,448 ; in 1869-70 $25,081. School 
salaries 1886-7 $69,643; 1869-70 $49,750. The following 
are the members of the City G-overninent for the year 1888-9 : 
Mayor : Charles J. Chapman. Aldermen, William H. Smith, 
Chairman ; ward one, Richard K. Gatley ; ward two, James 
Cunningham ; ward three, John C. Tukesbuiy ; ward four, 
Nathan E. Redlon ; ward live, William H. Smith ; ward 
six, Thomas P. Shaw; ward seven, John P. Hobbs. City 
Clerk : George C. Burgess. Common Council : Alexander T. 
Laughlin, President ; L. Clifford Wade, Clerk. Ward one, 
Francis Higgins, Melville A. Floyd, James P. Jordan ; ward 
two, William J. Rowe, Daniel Gallagher, Thomas E. Coyne; 
ward three, Alexander T. Laughlin, Nehemiah Smart, Edward 
F. Tompson ; ward four, Jeremiah Callahan, Francis D. Melaugh, 
Charles A. True ; ward five, John F. Rand, John M. Peck, 



llll.l.S IIA.ND-HUDK ol' i'()llJM.A\l>. 7'.' 

Georu*' W. Sylvester; ward six, Hollis B. Hill, .1. IJcuiy 
Crockett. Ifenry C. Bagley; ward seven, James G. McGlaullin, 
William I>. Irish. Cliarles R. Lewis. 

COUXTY OFFiriALS. 

Judges oi" Supreme Court residinu' in the citv are W'm. \V. 
\'irgiu, Thomas H. Haskell; Judge ol' Superior Court, Per- 
cival Honney ; Clerk of Courts, Beujauiiu C. Stone; County 
Attoi'ney, George M. Seiders ; Stenographer. Rue! Small; Judge 
of Probate, Henry C. Peabody ; Register ol" I^robate, Seth L. 
Larrabee ; Register of Deeds, Storer S. Knight ; County Treas- 
urer, James M. Webb ; County Commissioners, Henry Nutter, 
Josepli B. Hammond, James H. Tolman : Judge of Municipal 
Court. George F. Gould: Recorder, l^dwin L. Dyer; Sheriff, 
Isaiah S. Weljb. All the above have olliccs in llic County 
part of the City Building. 

rXlTED STATES OFFICRS. 

Custom House 312 Fore street and lOa ComuKn-cial street. 
Heads of Dei)artments : Sanuiel J. Anderson. Collector ; Nathan 
Cleaves, Surveyor; Edward R. Pierce, Appraiser. Internal 
Revenue : Alfred S. Kimball, Dei)uty Collector. Marine Hos- 
pital: Charles E. Banks, Surgeon in chaige. Steaml)oat 
Inspectors : George A. Pollister, Clmrles Staples. Shipping Com- 
missioner : David II. Druniniond ( ."JDo Fore street.) Engineer 
Department: Lt. Col. Jared A. Smith (5.37 Congress street.) 
Light House Establishment: Comuuinder 0. A. Batchcller U, 
S. N., Inspector first light house district. Signal Service: 
Edward P. Jones observer in iliai-ge. (office 57 Exchange 
street.) Life Saving Service: .1. A. Richardson. Supt. 

Post office, corner of Middle and Exchange streets : Joshua 
S. Palmci-. Postmaster: George L. .^wctt, Asst. Postmaster: 
William Chenery. Cashier : Rufus K. (Graves. Chicl'Ch'rk Railway 
Mail Service. 

United States Comt : Booms over Post (!)ftice. Nathan 
Webb, U. S. Di^tiirt .bidg.- : Aimer H. Davis. Clerk of District 



80 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

and Circuit Courts ; George E. Bird, District Attorney : Charles 
B, Harmon, U, S. Marshal. 

RESIDENT CONSULS. 

George H. Starr, Vice-consul for her Britannic Majesty for 
Maine. Office 2^^ Union wharf. 

E. P. LeProhon, Vice-Consul for France for this State. 
Office 24 Winter street. 

Senor Don Enrique Ainz, Consul, and Senor Don Josj 
Teixedor, Vice-Consul for Spain. Office 52 Exchange street. 

Stephen R. Small, Consul for the Argentine Republic and 
Vice-Consul for the Republic of Uraguay. Office 191 Middle 
street. 

Tewksbury Loring Sweat, Esq., Vice-consul for Sweden and 
Norway. Office 167 Commercial street. 

Samuel B. Kelsey, consular agent for kingdom of Portugal. 
Office 243 Commercial street. 



Sf^eatres. public; |^all3. ($Iubs, Secn^t a^d 



r"'YHKA'rii'l( 'A L (■iitiTtaiiiini'iit- were iiiikiKiwii here liclore 
^ I till' l\c\(iliit i(Hi. TIk' tirst c.xliiliit ion ol tlif kind which 
.■<^ ever tn(i|< phici' in thi- tnwn was on 'I'lie^day rveniiig', 
Octolier 7. 171)4. 'i'hc iicrforninncc- were u-ivcn three times 
a week at the Asseiiililv Hall on hnlia r^troet. The luiildiiiu' 
is now standing", ieniodele«l into a dwelling house. Siibse- 
(|ueiitly. pei'fbrniance- wcic i:iveii at ^[eehanic's Hall, Fore 
street: ImiI altei- Ixitl I'nion Hall w as izvne rally the [dace for 
the drama. allhoUL;li in l^lis there was a theati'e advertised on 
I'l-elile street. In 1^0") a ureat o|i|io-ition was manifested 
against tlieatrical iierformanees in the town. A town meeting- 
was held and a majority voted against theatres. In 18t)(j a law 
was passe<l luohiliiiino- them without a license from the Court 
of Sessions. This measure jiiit a stop to tliese exliiliitions for 
many year.-. In \>^'H) they were re\i\ed ai:aiu and Tnion Hall 
was litte(| up lor a summi-r tln-atre. Their success induced the 
construction of a luick liuildiug on Free street at a cost of 
$10,()(M). The interest diminished and in 1 S.-.C, the laiihling 
was sold to the l>aptist Society for a (diuich. Aftei- the 
closing of the Free street theatre, performances were given liy 
tiavidim:' coni)ianies, from Boston mostly, in Fnion Hall. 
Hon. I'. ( t. .1. Smith constructed a Imilding on Fnion street 
called Conceii Hall and Fnion >lrert theatre, ami the peifor- 
mances there were of a high merit. Proctor. Marshall and 
other noted stars filled enirufrements there. The buildinir was 



b2 HULL S HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 

burned in 1854. Pei'fornianccs were afterwards u'iven at 
Lancaster Hall and Decrinii' Hall whieli is now known as Port- 
land Theatre. In 1875 the buildini)- known as Flnent Hall 
was fitted np for theatrical exhibitions under the name of 
Portland Theatre, and iirst-class performances took place there 
for a short time. The (now) Portland Theatre, formerly 
Deering- Hall, is the only ])lace now fitted u]) for theatrical 
exhil)itions, and in the season traveling- companies and com- 
binations supply its l)oards. The City Hall is also used for 
dramatic entertainments by traveling and amateur companies. 

HALLS. 

The principal halls in the city are the City Hall referred to in 
article on Pul)lic I>uildings ; Market or Old City Hall ; Mechanic's 
Hall, corner of Casco and Congress streets ; Rossini Hall, 90 
Exchange street ; I. A. R. A. Hall, Plum street ; Odd Fellows 
Hall, 439 Congress street ; Masonic Hall, 85 Exchange street ; 
Pythian Hall, 490^ Congress street; America Hall, 149 
Middle street ; Sons of Temperance Hall, 88 i^ Exchange street ; 
Grand Army Hall, 565^ Congress street; Arcana Hall, 379 j^ 
Congress street; Army and Navy Union Hall, 499 i/^ Congress 
street; Congress Hall, 420^ Congress street; Fraternity Hall, 
14 Free street ; Good Templars Hall, 457^ Congress street; 
Harmon Hall, 1101 Congress street; Kavanagli Hall, 305 
Congress street; Young Men's Christian Association Hall. 
439 Congress street; Motley Hall, 507^ Congress street; 
Turnverein Hall, 493^ Congress street. 

CLUBS. 

Portland has had many social, literary and educational clubs 
and associations. The ])rincipal club now remaining is the 
Cuml)ei-land Club, an association of gentlemen for social pur- 
poses. Their rooms are in house No. 154 Free street cor- 
ner of High street, the old Matthew Cobb mansion where 
General LaFayette was entertained when he visited Portland 
in 1825. 



hull's HAND-liOOK OF PORTLAND. 83 

rOllTLAND YACHT Cl.Vn. 

I>iiiiiiL;- tilt' siiimiifr of 186(S a number oi" gentlemen, residents 
of rortlantl. Viu-lil owners and others interested in vachtins: 
matters, joined in a cruise to the eastward as f\ir as Boothbay. 
Till' ri'siilt ol' tliis excursion was the oru'anizatioii of the Poi-t- 
land Yacht Cliil). which took ])Uice at a meeting hchi lor tliat 
purpose Aj)!-!! lioih, IStil*. with tlie selection of James Af. 
Chnrchiil. of the schooner Kthol. as Commodore: Abial M. 
Smith, of the sloop Ray. as A'lce Commodore, and .lolm A. 
Emery. Es(i.. Secretary and Treasurer. Rooms were secured 
at the end of Custom House wharf and were occupied until 
tlie summer of 1885, when the present commodious and con- 
venient club house was erected at the end of Merchant's wliarf. 
Meanwhile (Feb. 19, 1878) the club had been incorporated and 
its prosperity assured. 

In 1^74 ])i-ovisi()n was made for the purchase of cups to 
be annually coni]>etcd for by yachts belonging to the clul). and 
this annual challenge regatta has liccome one of the features 
of tlie local yachting interest dining the summer season. 

Tlie club also makes an annual cruise in ]\[ay or June of 
three oi- four days duration which is always j)articipated in by 
a goodly number of yachts and members. 

The list of yachts enrolled comprises .3 schooners, 22 sloops, 
6 cat l)oats and 4 steamers ; some of these boats are of large 
si/e. from 45 to 61 feet, notably the North Star, Restless, ^'iva 
and \'i.\eii. 

The present club house is of two stories. The interior is 
conveniently divided into a large room with lockers on the 
lirst floor, and on the second floor into a large reading and 
general club room. o|»eiii!iL.'' on a b;ilcon\- on the hai-boi- side, 
with ante-rooms, toilet rooms and a large work I'oom adjoinimr. 
The general <-lul> room is well si;i)plied with current j)eriodicals. 
literature ]ieitaininL;' to nautical matters, an interesting library, 
a lull set of charts. Its walls are embellished with pliotographs 
and cngravinsrs of famous vachts. and with numerous models. 



84 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

This room also contains a clock of unique design presented 
by the late Gen. Geo. F. Shepley and H. N. Jose, Esq., and a 
fine mounted telescope the gift of the late Geo. W. Rich and 
other members of the club. 

Beneath the house is the landing float upon which yacht 
tenders and other row boats are kept during the summer 
months. 

It has been a custom of the club to offer to visiting yachts 
and naval vessels the facilities aff"ording by this float and the 
club house, a courtesy which has been very generally accepted 
and recognized by the leading clubs of the country. 

The present roll of officers is Commodore, C. W. Bray, 
sloop Yiva ; Vice Commodore, Geo. C. Owen, sloop Idler; 
Fleet Captain, R. W. Miller; Secretary, Chas. D. Smith; 
Treasurer, C. F. A. Weber; Measurer, J. H. Dyer: Fleet 
Surgeon, Walter Woodman. 

BOAT CLUBS. 

Portland has a reputation throughout the country for its 
boating clubs and professional oarsmen. Walter Brown in 
the past and M. F. Davis of the present are familar names to 
those who take an interest in aquatic exercises. The clubs 
now here are the Cumberland Rowing Association, club house 
at end of Railroad wharf, James A. Morgan, Pres. ; Edward 
Hart, Sec. Dirigo Boat Club, boat house Men-ill's wharf. J. 
D. Randall. Pres. : Wm. H. Manning, Sec. 

BRAMHALL LEAGUE 

is a social club at 214 Brackett street, George ]\Iilliken. Pres. ; 
Thomas P. Shaw, Sec. 

PORTLAND CLUB 

is a republican social organization. Rooms at 589 i/^ Congress 
street ; summer club house on Gi-eat Diamond Island. Fred N. 
Dow, Pres. ; Harry R. Virgin, Sec. 

There are other political clubs and organizations which are 



hull's hand-book of I'OliTl.AN'D. 85 

not of a |t(Miii:iii('iit toriii and <:i'iicrally ('.\|tin' at the cud ol' 
tli<' polii ical caiiiiiaiiiii. 

BASE BALL CLUB. 

This favorite ainuseincut is well supported in this city. The 
Portland (Muli which Ixdongs to the Xew Enuland League is 
sustained by a stock company, Chai'les T. Varney, President ; 
Dr. Edwin F. VosC; Secretary. The Portland Club won the N. 
E. pennant in 1886 and came very near it in 1887. The 
l>ase Ball g-rounds are in Deering about a mile from the 
head of I'reble street on the line of the Horse Cars. They are 
spacious, well arranged, with convenient seats for spectators. 
Admission. 1.") and 2") cts. 'i'he following schedule shows the 
games to be playe(l by the New England League Clubs. 

Portlands: At Lowell, April 30, May 8, 19, 26, June 8, 21, July 3, 

11, 27, Aug. 7, 21, Sept. 3; at Salem, May 4, 17, June 9. 18 (p.m.), July 

12, 26, Aug. 8, 22, Sept. 4, 15, 17, 25 : at Lynn, .May 3, 5, 25, June 7, 16, 
18 (a.m.), July 14, 25, 28, Aug. 9, 13, 27; at Manchester, April 28, May 
7. 18, June 6, July 10, Aug. 6. 20, 23, Sept. 5, 6, 29, 29; at Worcester, 
.May I, 2, 28, 29, June 19, 20, July 4* 13, 24, Aug. 10, 11. 

Lowells: At Portland, May 9, 10, June i, 2. July 5, 6, 18, 19, Aug. 
14, 15, 29, Sept. I ; at Salem, May i, 14, 18, June 6. 15, July 21. .Aug. 2, 
6, 24, Sept. ID, 22, 24: at Lynn, .May 7, 21, 28, June 25, 29, July 17. 
Aug. I, 8, 20, Sept. 6, 12, 28; at .Manchester, .\Lay 12, 16, 24, June 11, 
27, July 4 (p.m.), 7, 23, Aug. 11, 18, 27, Sept. 12, 13; at Worcester 
April 28. .May 23. 30 (p.m.), June 9. 14. 18. July 2, 25, 28. .Aug. 22, Sept. 

5. '5- 

Salems: At Portland. .May 21, 22, June 11, 12. 30. July 2, 31, .Aug. 
I, 25, 27, Sept. 7, 8; at Lowell, 2, 11, 31, June 19, 23, July 10, 16, 30, 
Aug. 16, Sept. II. 14, 21 ; at Lynn, April 28, .May 19, 30 (a.m.), June 4, 
20. July 4, (a.m.), 23, Aug, 11, 17, 23, Sept. i, 3, (p.m.) : at .^L^nches- 
ter, .^Lay 3. 9, June 5, 14, 16, 25, July 13. 18. 25, Aug. 10, 14, 21: at 
Worcester, .May 5. 15. 16. 24, June 2. 27, July 7, .Aug. 7, Sept. 6, 13, 19, 
29. 

LvNNS : At Portland, .May 23, 24. Juno 14. 15. 27, 28, July 7, 9. 
Aug. 3, 4, Sept. 13, 14: at Lowell .May 4, 15. June 3, 12, July 13, 24. 31, 
Aug. 25, 28, Sept 18, 25. 29: at Salem, April 30, May 12, 26. 30 (p.m.). 
June 8, 21. 26, July 4 (p.m.), 11, Aug. 18, 31, Sept. 3 (a.m.); at Man- 
chester. May 2, 17. 29, June 2, 19. July 2, 21, 27, Aug. 7. Sept. 11. 15, 
19: at Worcester. .May 8, 9. iS, June 6, 23. July 16. 18. Aug. 14, 21. 30. 
Sept. 4. 22. 



86 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Manchesters: At Portland, May 14, 15, 30* June 22, 23, July 16, 
17, Aug. 28, Sept. 20, 21, 22; at Lowell, May 5, 25, June 4, 20, 26, 30, 
July 4 (a.m.), 14, Aug. 9, Sept. 4, 8, 27; at Salem, May 8, 10, 23, 28, 
June 18, (a.m.), 28, July 9, 20, 24, 28, Aug. 4, 13; at Lynn, May i, 11, 
June I, 9, 13, 18 (p.m.), July 3, 5, 19, Aug. 15, 22, Sept. 17; at Wor- 
cester, May 4, 19, June 12, 15, July 11, 12, 31, Aug. i, 16, 25, 31. Sept. 

7- 

WoRCESTERS : At Portland, May 11, 12, June 4, 5, 25, 26, July 21, 
23, Aug. 17, 18, Sept. II, 12; at Lowell, May 3, 17, 22, 30 (a.m.), June 
16, July 9, 26, Aug. 4, 13, 23, 26, Sept. 26; at Salem, May 7, 25, June i, 
28, 29, July 3, 5, 14, 17, 19, Aug. 9, 15, 20; at Lynn, May 14, June 11, 
30, July 6, ID, 30, Aug. 6, 27, 29, Sept. 8, 10, 20; at Manchester, April 
30, May 21, 26, June 8, 21, Aug. 2, 3, Sept. i, 3, 18, 24, 25. 

*Two giinies. 

There are many junior and amateur Base Ball Clubs here, 

SECRET SOCIETIES. 

Masons. Masonry was first introduced into the Province 
of Maine March 20, 1762. by a charter being granted by the 
St. John's Provincial Grand Lodge at Boston, Alexander Ross 
was empowered to organize Falmouth Lodge. Business and 
infirmities, however, prevented his openiug a lodge. In 1768 
Jediah Preble, Richard Codman, William Campbell, John 
Lowther, Thomas Oxnard, John Ross, John Greenwood, Samuel 
Moody, Joshua Moody, Arthur Newell, John Perkins petitioned 
that a new dispensation be granted and that William Tyng be 
appointed their first master. This was done by John Rowe, 
Provincial Grand Master, and Falmouth Lodge, the first ever 
opened in Maine, was instituted May 8, 1769. William Tyng 
was the first master. This lodge continued till the Revolu- 
tionary era began, when it was broken up and its members 
scattered. Some who were loyalists left the country and never 
returned. Subsequently, and during the war, but few meetings 
were held. After peace was declared the meetings were 
renewed, and in 1785-6 the lodge met regularly at the tavern 
called the Free Masons Arms on Middle street near the 
present old City Hall, which was kept by Thomas Motley, 
grandfather of the historian. In 1797 the loda-e had a new 



hull's iia.\ii-H()(ik of I'oini.AND. 87 

hall, known as Coluniliinn Ihill. in ilic did Maivton TaNcrn 
on Middle street opposite the ohl ('ity llidl. The lodge 
afterwards met till 1797 in Assembly room ol" Or. ('oninon 
Kinu- street ])etween Foi-e and Middle streets. The luiilding is 
now in tlie same spot Imt has been altered over into a dwelling 
house. For many years there were no Masonic meetings; but 
ilie institution revived again. The upper stories of the old 
rorthind Academy buildinu' on Congress St. were occupied for 
a Masonic hall, 'i'he following are the local Masonic organ- 
zations in this city, and the time of meetings. Blue Lodges: 
Ancient Landniaik. first Wednesday ; Portland, second Wednes- 
day : Atlantit'. third Wednesday; Deering (Woodfords), second 
Momhiy: Hiram (Cape Elizabeth), monthly. Chapters: Green- 
leaf. Hrst Monday; ^It. Vernon, third Monday. Council: 
Royal and Select Masters, second Monday. Knights Templar: 
Poi'tland ( 'onnnandery. fourth .Moinlay : St. Allian Coininaiidery, 
second Thursday: Jilanquefoi't ( 'ommandeiw. third Tinirsday; 
Knights of Constantine, iburth Thursday. Ancient Accepted 
Scottish Rite: Yates Grand Lodge of Perfection, first Friday; 
l^ortlaiid ('ouncil P. of J., second Friday: Dnnlap Chapter 
ivose (loix (jc II.. third Friday: Maine (,'onsistory S. P. R. S.. 
iourlh f'ii(hiy in Maieh, June, Sej)tend)er and December: Port- 
land Maxmic Pelicf Association. Leandci- W. Fobrs. Treas. 
All of the above meet at Masonie llall.s.") E.xchange street. 
(hid F(//iiirs. Odd Fellowship wa> fir-t introduced into 
.Maine at Port hind in 1843, and at that linic .Maine Lodge Xo. 
I was institutiMJ. The foliowinL:' is thf eondition of the order 
in this city at the present time. LodLic- : .Maine Xo. 1, o()6 
members, meetings Mondays: I'nity No. ."'>. ."iiMi members, 
Wednesdays: Ancii'iii Ibnthrr No. 4. (i.'ll members, Thurs- 
days: Ligonia No. a. •")."1'.' niembei's. Friday-: llaiinony Xo. 
r.'. .■'.•Jl members. Saturdays; Beacon Xo. (17. .■!<i7 niembcrs, 
Tuexlay. These lodges have expended for relief since 1843 
$312,335. .7.7. Funds now owned, $1 .7"J.-J 1 C.JJ. Encampments: 
^lachiuonne Xo. 1. 4'.n members, meetings first and third 
Wednesday; Eastern Star Xo. i^, .710 members, second and 



88 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

fourth Wednesday ; Falmouth No. 11, 208 members, first and 
third Tuesday; Portland No. 19, 299 members, first and third 
Friday. Cantons : Ridgely No. 1, second and fourth Monday. 
These Encampments have expended for relief purposes since 
184.3 $81,063.17. Funds now held, $47,710.97. Daughters 
of Rebekah : meetings, second and fourth Saturday. Odd 
Fellows jNlutual Relief Association : annual meeting third Tues- 
day in January. Odd Fellows ^lutual Benefit Association : 
meetings, first Monday January, Ajtril. July and October. 
Veteran Association of the I. 0. O. F. : meetings, second 
Thursday in January, April, July and October. All the above 
meetings are held at Odd Fellows Hall, 439 Congresss street. 

Knights of PijtJiins. Introduced into this city in 1872. The 
following are its organizations: Bramhall Lodge No. 3 meets 
Thursdays, Munjoy Lodge No. 6, Mondays, Pine Tree Lodge 
No. 11, Fridays, Ivanhoe Lodge No. 26, Tuesdays, Longfellow 
Lodge No. 43, Wednesdays, Bayard Lodge No. 44, Thursdays 
at South Portland, C. E. Endowment Rank No. 181, annual 
meeting, last Wednesday of each year. All the above meet 
at Pythian Hall, 490 1/^ Congress street. 

Other secret benefit Societies are the Knights of Honor, 
meetings 1st and 3d Thursday, at No. 100 Exchange street. 
Patriotic Sons of America, each Tuesday evening at 149 
Middle street. Ancient Order of United Workmen, 88^ 
Exchange street, 2d and 4th Thursday evenings. United Fel- 
lowship, at same, 2d and 4th Tuesday evenings. United 
Order of the Golden Cross, 1st and 3d Tuesdays, at 457^ 
Congress street. United Order of Pilgrim Fathers, at 149 
Middle street, 2d and 4th Tuesdays. Sovereigns of Industry — 
Portland Council at 88 i^ Exchange street, Tuesday evenings; 
Dirigo Council at 379 1^ Congress street, Friday evenings. 
Royal Arcanum, Martin A. Dillingham, regent, 132 Spring- 
street. Improved Order of Red Men, wigwam 490^ Congress 
street. Order of Royal Conclave of Knights and Ladies, 
Portland Council, R. S. Laughlin, Soc. Royal Society of 
Good Fellows, Samuel A. Stone. Sec. Catholic Knights of 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 89 

America, incotiims 1st and .'id Tuesdays, at Kavaiiauli Hall. 805 
Congress streets. Kniuiits ofjjaltor. two Asseiiil)lics, Tuesday 
and Wednesday cveniuL:'. 

TEMI'KRANCI': OIUJANIZATH^NS. 

Sons of Temperance. Portland Division, Friday evening at 
88 i^ Exchange street; Forest City Division, Thursday evening 
at 15 Lafiiyette street. Good Templars : Arcana Lod'ze, ^londay 
evening at 53 Temple street ; Seaside Lodge, Wednesday, Good 
Templars' Hall, South Portland ; Forest City Lodge, Wednes- 
day evening at 15 Lafayette street. Portland Reform Club, 
Sunday and Tuesday evenings, at 53 Temple street. Woman's 
Temperance Society, 439 Congress street, 2d Saturday after- 
noon of each month. Woman's Clii"istian Temperance Union, 
51i/< Exchange street, 2d Friday of each month. Young 
Woman's Christian Temperance Union, alternate Mondays, at 
51 j^ Exchange street. 

MfSlCAL SOCIETIIiS. 

Chandler's Band: Organized in 1873: is composed of per- 
formers of much practice and distinguished ability. Rooms, 
27 Market square. 

Haydn Association : For individual improvement and raising 
the standard of pul)lic taste in sacred nuisic ; meets at Mechanic's 
hall eveiT Monday evening. Jerome Ruraery, Pres. ; F. H. 
Cloyes, Sec. 

The Rossini Clul»: ConiposctI entirely of ladies, comprising 
most of tiie superior and highly cultivated singers and pianists 
in the city : meets at Rossini hall. IM) Exchange street, every 
Thursday at eleven o'clock a. m. Mi-. II. \. Wrthei-liee, 
Pres. ; Miss Lucy N. Blanchard. Sec. 

Weber Club: Formed of the young men of the city for self 
improvement in social music : meets every Tuesday evcnin.: in 
Clapp block. Carl Weber. Pres. : D. P. Perkins. Sec. 

Imperial Mandolin and Guitar Club: Organized Nov. 1, 



90 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

1886 ; meets every Friday evening- 57 Exchange street. Fred 
J. Ilsley, Leader ; Geo. W. Pennell, Sec. 

Maine State Drum and Bugle Corps: Meets at 19^ 
Market square, Monday evenings. Robert L. Whitcomb, Pres. ; 
H. L. Stimpson, Sec. 

Juvenile Band : Composed of boys ; Joseph D. Legault, 
Leader, 31 India Street. 



-^^^^^. 




Jf^i^ Sapitary ^or^ditior). 



JlOSl'lTALS. I!KM:\ OI.KNT AND CHARITABLE ORG AXIZATIUNS, 
IIMMKS AND ASYLUMS. 

^^^M^HE saiiitnry coiidiiion nf I'ortlnnd will (•(iiii|iar(' t'avoralily 
,^ with lliat of any city. 'I'licrc has iii'\"cr lircii any ('iiitlcniic 
/S^ diseases cxistinu' Iktc \n any extent. 'I'lie sauitar\' atl'airs 
of Portland are under (•(»iitr<d of the l>i»ai-d of IJealtli -which 
has been established nn(h'i' the j)rovision of the hiws ol" the 
state. Tills ImciiiI lia< ailiitrary ])owers in reuard to the 
])ublie health. The system of sewers established by the eity is 
gradually l)ein<>- extended and there arc now tliirty-five miles of 
sewers 1 milt. ( See sewers.) 'i'lie death rate for ISST-S on an 
estimate(l population of 40. ()<>(> wa- l~.it."> n thousand. 'I'lie 
averau'C death i-ate of all the Massachusetts cities for the same 
period was I '.•.dO a tlioii-and. 

MAixi-: (;i:Ni;i;.\i. iiosimtal 

was estalilished in 1 S(')S. It is sit iiatcd on the Indw of Ibainliall 
Hill exposetl to the cool noHln'i'ly and we-terly Kn'e/e-. It< 
biiildinti's are prominent ol)jeet> in \ leu Jul:' the city Irom any 
point. 'I'lioiiiih not a chai-italije institution, its endowments of 
free Iteds u'i\'e oppoitiinities to render aid to the siek and 
unfortunate. It ha- been liln'ially a->istei| by the state and by 
]u-i\ate lienefaetion-. The Jati' lion. Almei- Cobnrn willed tiiis 
in>titiiti<.n si oo.ood. 

I'OUTLANI' |i|S1'|;NSAI;'»'. 

484^ Cong'ress sticet. |iro\ide-. medical attendance and medi- 
cines for the poor. Open at ll.(K»a. m. I>r. F. H. (lerrish. 
President: Dr. S. P. Warren. Secretary. 



92 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

maine eye and ear infirmary, 

110 recleral street, for free treatment of diseases of the eye 
and ear. H. J. Libby, Pres. ; Alfred A. Montgomery, Sec. 

greely hospital 

is connected with the Ahns House and is under the direction of 
the overseers of the poor. Dr. Alfred King, city physician is in 
charge. Hospital for contagious diseases is a wooden building 
on the Alms House lot, under the same direction as the 
Greely Hospital. 

Home for Aged Women: Incorporated 1854; Home, 64-68 
Emery street. Mr. John T. Gilman, Pres ; Miss Harriet S. 
McCobb, Sec. ; Mrs. A. C. Dawley, Matron. 

Home for Aged Men: Organized 1884; Home, 117 
Danforth street. Ira P. Farrington, Pres. ; H. H. Emery, Sec. ; 
Mrs. Carrie E. Marston, Matron. 

Female Orphan Asylum : 62 State street ; Incorporated 
1828. Mrs. J. L. Farmer, Pres. ; Miss Abby S. Barrett, Sec. 

Benevolent and Charitable Associations are numerous in 
Portland. Among them are The Society for the Prevention of 
Cruelty to Animals, Female Provident Association, Chikb-en's 
Christmas Club, Citizens Mutual Relief Society, Conference 
of St. Vincent De Paul, Portland Marine Society, Portland 
Widows' Wood Society, Samaritan Association, Irish American 
Relief Association, Aged Brotherhood, Grand Army of the 
Republic and its Female Relief Corps, Sons of Veterans, Army 
and Navy Union, Martha Washington Society, Associated 
Charities, Provident Association, Brotherhood of Locomotive 
Engineers, Commercial Travelers' Association, Diet Mission, 
Female Charitable Society, Bricklayers' Benevolent Union, 
Portland Fraternity, Longshoremen's Benevolent Society, 
Plasterers' Union, Typographical Relief Society, Relief Asso- 
ciation of Portland Fire Department, Scandmavian Society, 
Shaw, Coding & Co's Relief, Portland Seaman's Friend Society, 
Woman's Christian Association. For details of these organ- 
izations see Portland Directory. 



)^ot:el5. [Restaurants ar^d Boardir)<^ J^ouses. 



^i^^HE earliest notice that we have of any public house in 
town is that in 1681. Richard Seacomb was licensed 
to keep an ordinary. His house was on Fore sti-eet a 
little east of India. The tir.-t piiltlir house after the re-set- 
tlenicnt of the town was on the west side of Exchange street, 
liuilt by Bcnj. lugersol. who kept a tavern there in 1728. It 
was the best house in town, and iu 1754 Gov. Shirley lodged 
tlicrc when ho held his conference with the Indians. In 
1 7 ')0 and subsequently, Joshua Freeman kept a i»ublic house on 
ilie corner of Middle and Exchange sti-cets. The site is now 
oc('ii]iic(l liy the First National Hank luiildiuii'. In 1 7t><» some 
of the most resj)ectable people in the town were indicted for 
dancing at Freeman's tavern in 1705. This tavern in 1770-75 
was kept by Moses Shattuck. John Adams used to stop there 
wliL'u he was in town attending court. Marston's tavern before 
and after the Revolution was the principal tavern in the town. 
It stood on the present site of the Ilanmiond Ijlock in ^faikt-t 
Square. When Mowatt and Wisucll wnv taken pi'isoncrs in 
May. 1775. they were confined one night there. It was ilic 
stage taMiii and was kept successively by (tratlam. Paine. 
Folsoni and others. In 1830 it was called Kendall's tavern. 
The liuiMing was removed in 1888. The fashionable tavern 
of the town during the Revolutionary j)eriod and for years 
at'tei'ward was that of Alice Gi'eele who kejjt at the corner of 
1 lanijjsliire and Congress streets. It was a fashionable resort 
for clubs and social parties young and old. It was the 
Eastelieaj) ot the town and was famed for its baked beans. It 



94 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

was saved in the fire of 1775 by the exertions of Dame Alice. 
It was moved to Washington street about 1846. After the 
Revolution the principal tavern was kept by Capt. Ebenezer 
Davis, an officer of the Revolutionary army, on the northeast 
corner of Brewer (now Rrown) and Free streets. (He was the 
grandfather of Edward H. Daveis.) It was called the White 
Horse tavern, was built in 1785 and in 1842 was moved to 
the southeast corner of Congress and Oak streets where it now 
stands. Another tavern was the Free Mason's Arms in the 
hay market, kept by Thomas Motley (the grandfather of the 
historian) who afterwards kept the principal tavern in the town 
on the lot now occupied by the Motley block on Congress 
street. Others of the old style of taverns were Columl)ian 
Tavern, 1795; Bunch of Grapes, 1804; Burnham's Tavern, 
1812, on Middle street, site of the present Casco Bank — 
afterwards called The Sun Tavern, Mitchell's and Casco House ; 
The Exchange Coffee House on Fore street, 1828 ; Kendall's 
Tavern, 1830; Washington Hotel; Bowles' Tavern, after- 
wards Elm House: Patten House. 1823, on Main (now 
Congress) street, afterwards named the Franklin House; Cum- 
berland House, now United States Hotel; Ryerson's Tavern, 
on Main (now Congress) street; Whittier's Tavern, afterwards 
the American House, site of Clapp Block, Congress street; 
Preble street House, 1 846 ; Commercial House, 1 846 ; New 
England House, now City Hotel; Western Exchange Hotel 
opposite Boston Railroad station, afterwards known as Depot 
Hotel and Walker House. 

The hotel system of Poi'tland has been largely improved 
since the fire, and now no city of its size in New England has 
better facilities for the accommodation of the traveling public 
and tourists than our city. After the fire Mr. J. B. Brown 
built the 

FALMOUTH HOTEL, 

a magnificent structure, and undoubtedly the finest hotel 
east of Boston. The front is of Albert stone, the side walls 
being of pressed brick with stone trinnnings. It has a frontage 



IIUM/S IlA.N'D-IiOdK di' I'oiiri.ANI). 95 

oil Midillc str<M't (iroiic liiiiiilii'd ;iii(l lil'i \ -ilircf I't'ft ; on I'niou 
street, one liundicil and seventy -foui' fcfl. Il i,- six stoi'ies 
on Middle street, .seven oii I'nion. ('(nitnins two hundred and 
til'ty rooms :ind. in the first stoiT, ten liirti,i' stoi-('<. It is fully 
e(|ui|»|M'(| with ;dl llie ron\ fnieiices of a modem first-class 
hotel, (devator. hath rooms, etc. It is now under the efficieut 
maiia<renieiit of John K. ^lai'tiii, w(dl known to tiie traveling 
eomniuiiity. < >ii the corner ol' Plum and Middle streets is the 

ST. .Ifl.IAX ll()Ti:i. 

which was luiilt alter the fire. It is a handsome structure four 
stories high containing sixty-four looms for guests. It is kept 
on the European plan, and rooms can l)e had at reasonable 
rates. A restaurant is connected with the hotel in charge of 
an eflRcient cook, and its dining room is spacious and airy. 
This hotel is under the management of R. W. Underwood. 

MEIJCHAXTS EXCIIAXCE. 

On Temple street nearly opposite from the Falmouth Hotel 
is the Merchants Exchange, a small hotel which was built in 
186s l)y the late Charles II. Adams. It is a four story Ijrick 
building, has sixty rooms and is well kept. The tal)le is 
supplied with the best that the market atlbrds. Mr. George E. 
Watson is the present proprietor. The old 

UXITED STATES 

is a name familiar to the traveling public. It is the oldest hotel 
in the city, having been kept by that name and the Cuml)erland 
House for over seventy years. It is situated on Market Sipiare. 
Federal and Congress streets, is live stories high and contains 
one himdred and fifty rooms. The accommodations in this 
house are good, and the terms are reasonable. It is well 
patronized by summer tourists and travelers. The 

PREBLE HOrSE 

next to the Falmouth is the largest hotel in the city. It is in 
a fine location at the corner of l^roble an-l Conirress streets. 



96 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

It was originally the Preble mansion which was built by Com- 
modore Preble in 1806, but was never occupied by him as it 
was not finished at the time of his death. Afterward, his widow 
resided there during her life. It contains one hundred and 
fifty rooms, elegantly furnished in the most modern stylo. It 
ranks high among the hotels of the country. Montgomery S. 
Gibson, a well-known hotel manager, is the proprietor. The 
new Ottawa House on Cushing's Island has also been leased by 
him. The 

DURANT HOUSE 

is at No. 5341^ Congress street. It is a private boarding 
house, table board being a principal feature in its business. 
Some transient company is received. F. 0. Leavitt is the 
proprietor. The 

CITY hotel 

is one of the principal houses of the city, having been estab- 
lished sixty years. It was formerly called the New England 
House. It was enlarged and improved within a few years and 
now contains one hundred spacious rooms. Its prices are 
reasonable and it receives a large patronage from business and 
pleasure travel. A first-class livery stable is connected with 
this house, where carriages and teams can be had for drives 
and excursions. J. W. Robinson and son have been the 
proprietors since 1883. 

PERRY hotel, 

217 Federal street J. G. Perry, prop., is a small, comfortable 
hotel, well arranged and in a central location. 

Other hotels in the city of moderate pretentions are the 
Atlantic House, George E. Bibber, prop., 183 Fore street, near 
Grand Trunk Railroad station. International, No. 1 Com- 
mercial street, opposite Grand Trunk Railroad station. Chase 
House, W. F. Robb, prop.. No. 419 i^ Congress street. Eagle 
House, No. 43 India street, A. E. Pratt, prop. Eastern Steam 
boat House, Railroad wharf near Boston & Maine depot, Mrs. 



hull's HAND-IJOOK Of-' I'ORTLAND, 97 

E. Mayo. |ii ()|i. ('iiiiilici'laiid 1 louse. Samuel M. Randall, piop., 
158 Oi-cen street, roitlaiid House, 121 (Irccii street. Fi-cd 
Boucliei-. ])ro|>. A livery stable is coiiiieetcd Avith it. Tlioi-nton 
House, J. M. Sullivan (S: Co. j)roi)s., 11') Center street. 

Boarding houses arc nuuieions in the city. Some of them 
are first-class, with all tlic comtorts of" a well-regulated home. 
Many of them during the traveling season receive transient 
guests. The principal iiouses are Mrs. Susan W. Mussey, 160 
Park street; Mrs. Lucy A. Bakei-, 122 State street: Mrs. 
Daniel Blanchard, 2G Free street; Mrs. Fitch, cS8 and 90 Park 
street; Mrs. Sarah M. Hussey, 86 State street; Miss Abbie 
Chapman, 113 Pearl street; Mrs. Catharine R. Farrell, 56 Free 
street: Mrs. E. L.Baxter, 547^ Congiess street; Mrs. Helen 
Colby, *J9 High street; Daniel S. Moody. 92 Free street: Mrs. 
Wm. Lowell. 150 Free street; The AVoodlawn. in Deering, on 
the line of the horse cars. 

Portland is well supplied with restaurants and eating houses 
at which good meals can be had by the week or single, at 
reasonable prices. In many of them a good dinner can be had 
for twenty-five cents and twenty-one meals for three dollars 
and upwards. The principal restaurants, oyster and lunch 
i-ooms arc Albert C. Dam. Union Railroad station, Congress: 
Ainsworth and Blair. 451 Commercial; Leandcr S. Arey, 90 
Middle: E. \V. Atwood, 123 Center: E. F. Conway, 461 Com- 
mereial; E. X. Bates, 499-501 Commercial; Alex. W. Bell, 
5 Myrtle : Mrs. Alex. Bowie, 227 Newbury ; Solomon Cheuery, 8 
Custom House wharf; City Hotel Dining Room, 583 Congress; 
Chase House, 419 3,< Congress; Daniel J. Crowly, 457 Com- 
mercial; Mrs. M. Y. Danforlh. 2(; Temple; Mrs. Nancy C. 
Davis. 2 Eraidvlin wharf: Thomas H. Dennv. 475 Commercial: 
H. Freeman cV- Co., 401-403 Congress; Watson Ficcman,451 
Commercial : Jasper H. Frost, 101 Portland : S. H. Cammon, 
13 Market: .1. E. Gibbs, lOMoulton: Wm. E. tlill, H". .Moultou; 
M. Gulliver, 471 C<)mm(>reial ; George S. Hay, 188 Federal; 
Mrs. P]li/a A. Henderson, 153 Federal: Stephen Johnson, 43 
Exchauo-e : Thomas L. Kimball. 78 Exchamre : Henry E. 



98 hull's haxd-book of Portland. 

La Rose, Grand Trunk Railroad station ; Ar Tee Lamb, 1 
Custom House wharf; Thomas McDonald, 443 Commercial; 
J. Fields Murray, Boston & Elaine Transfer Station ; Timothy 
B. Percy, 141 Commercial ; L. J. Perkins & Son, 489 Congress ; 
Edward H. Rich, 78 Union; George D. Robinson, 657 Con- 
gress; J. D. Scammon, 232 Federal; William W. Ruby, 21-25 
Pearl ; James H. Safford, 25 Temple ; Henry B. Shaw, 52 
Market; Timmons & Hawes, 15 Market Square; Simeon Tracy, 
78 Exchange and 196 Federal; Rufus H. Waite, 215 Federal; 
Andrew M. Winchester, 476 Commercial; William Grower, 268 
Middle Street. 



^f^^ref^es ar^d l^elic^ious ^0Q\et\e'=). 



/ij^'BOUT all tlie denoiniiiations cxistiim- in Xow Eiif^land 
^)^ k are represented in tiiis city, viz: Haptist ( Calviuistic), 
M^ ^ 2 churches, first organized 1801 : Congrci2;ational (Trin- 
itarian). S churches, lirst organized 1788; Congregational 
(Unitai'ian ), .'> chm-chcs. lii-st organized 1727: Ej)iscoiial. 3 
churclies, first organized 17()-1-: Friends Meeting, first organized 
1790; Free Baptist. 1 clmrch, first organized 1810; Jewish, 
1 Synagogue, first oi-ganizcd 1S()S: Lutheran. 1 church, first 
organized 1S74: Methodist Ei)isco))ai. 4 churches, first organ- 
ized 1794 : Methodist (Independent), 1 chuich. first organized 
1883 ; New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian), 1 churcli. first organ- 
ized 1831: Fresbyterian, 1 church, first organized 1885; 
Roman Catholic, 2 churches, first organized 1827; Second 
Advent, 1 church, first organized 1839: Universalist, 2 
churches, first organized 1821. Besides the above there are 
the Spiritual Associations, Christ's Faith Church, Ciiurch of 
Christ and Young Men's Liberal Association. The oldest 
society in the city is the 

FIRST I'AHISII, 

Unitai'ian. which was organized in 1 T"J7. The lii-st meeting house 
was built by the town on the northwest coi-ner o\' Middle and 
King (now India) street. It was connnenccd in 1721 and not 
finished until 1728. It was a rude structure which sheltered a 
poor but pious congregation. This was occupied till 1740 
when a larger meeting house was built on Queen (now Con- 
gress) street. This was. u]i to 17(i4. the only mcetinir house in 



100 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 




FIRST PARISH CllURCII, 
Congress Street, opposite lioad of Teuiplo. 

what is now Portland. It was torn down in 1825 to make 
place for the present stone edifice. The old meeting house is 
familiarly known by our oldei- citizens as the "Old Jerusalem." 
During its 105 years of existence this parish has had but six 
ministers viz. : Rev. Thomas Smith, 1727-1795; Rev. Samuel 
Deane, 1764-1814; Rev. Ichabod Nichols, 1809-1855; Rev. 
Horatio Stebbins, 1855-1864; Rev. Benj. H. Bailey, 1867- 
1872; Rev. Thomas Hill, 1873-1888. This church was orig- 
inally organized as Trinitarian Congregationalist, but about 
1819 it adopted Unitarian views. It has in years past been 
the principal parish in the city, its membership being largely 
composed of the leading families of the city. The removal of 



Iiri,l/s IIAXD-BOOK OP PORTLAND. 101 

many of its old supporters to the iipitci' part ol" the city lias 
reduced the size of its congregation. Its Sunday services are 
in the morning at 10.30, vesper service, 7 p. m., Sunday school 
3 p. m. The music in this church has always been of the best 
and forms a very attractive part of the service. Herman 
Kotzschmar, a distinguishoil iiiusician. has been the organist 
for thirty-six years. Samuel Thurston and John L. Shaw have 
been members of the choir for twenty-one years. 

PAUlv STREET CHURCH, 

Second Unitarian, was purchased of the Methodists in 1835. 
Its ministers have been Rev. Jason Whitman, Rev. Rufus P. 
Cutler, Rev. Frederick Fi-othingham. Rev. J. F. Lovering. Rev. 
James T. Hewes and others, the last being Rev. John A. 
Bellows. The services are now suspended and the church 
closed. 

PREBLE CHAPEL 

is a mission for the j)oor controlled by the Unitarians of the 
city. It is situated on the northwest corner of Preble and 
Cumberland streets. It was built in 18ol. Rev. William 
H. Hadlcy was the first minister, succeeded by Rev. 0. P. 
Tuckerman. Rev. Wm. T. Fhelan is now in charge. Services 
are held each Sunday and a Sunday school in the attcrnoon. 

EPISCOPAL. 

The early English settlers of Maine were of the ehuirh of 
England faith. Rev. Richard (ribson was the first clergyman 
who came to this vicinity. He officiated at Saco and other 
places. Succeedini;' him was Rev. Robert J')rdan who lived at 
Richmond's Island and Spurwink and was a missionary along 
the coast for about thirty-six years. There were no regular 
Episcopal services held in this place until St. Paul's cliurch 
was organized in 176-4 and Rev. .b)Iiii W'iswall became its 
rector. The ehureh building was burnt at the time of the 
Revolution and the eonuregation scattered. Rev. Mr. Wiswall 



102 



HULL S HAND-BOOK OP PORTLAND. 



the rector, being a loyalist went to Nova Scotia. After the war 
the society was re-organized and a church on the corner of 
Church and Middle streets was built in 1789. A brick church 
on School (now Pearl street) was built in 1803 and the old 
building sold to the Methodists. This old St. Paul's church was 
in 1839 transferred to a new society called 

ST. STEPHEN'S 

which in 1850 remodeled it. In 1866 it was destroyed by fire, 
and the parish removed up town and purchased St. Luke's 




ST. STEPHENS EPISCOPAL CHURCH, 

667 ("ougress Street. 

church at the head of State and Congress streets. This edifice 
is of stone. Its style is early English gothic with a massive 
tower, a memorial of the late Rev. George Burgess D. D., the 



hull's HAXD-F^OOK of PORTLAND. 103 

first Bishop ol" I lie Diocrsc. The .succession of roctor.s in the 
old St. Paul's and St. Sto))hen's churches has been Rev. John 
Wiswell Rev. Timothy Billiard, Rev. George W. Olney, Rev. 
P. S. Ten Broeck, Rev. Geor-Te W. Chapman. Rev. Thomas 
^r. Clark, now Bishop of R. I., Rev. Alex. H. Vinton, Rev. .lolui 
W. French, Rev. James Pratt, Rev. Roger S. Howard. Ilcv. 
Will. S. Perry, now Bishop of Iowa, and Rev. Asa Dallon a 
graduate of Harvard College. He has Ween thc^ rector since 
I X(')?>. 'I'hc Parish is iiiiit(Ml and prosperous. Services Sundays 
10.30 a. m.. 3 p. m. 

ST. Luke's cath?:drai„ 

Tn 1.^'>1 a new Episcopal church called St. Luke's was 
organized in the upper part of the city. It occupied Union 
Hall as a place of service up to 1855. Its first rector was 
Bishop Southgate, succeeded by Rev. B. H. I'addock. now 
I'ishop of ^lassachusetts. In 1854 Rev. Alex. lUirgess, now 
Uisho]) of Quiuey. 111., liecame the rector. In 1855 the society 
built a stone eliiii\ h on Congress at the head of State street. 
Mr. lUirgcss continiu'd rector till 1S()6 when he was succeeded 
by the present IJishop of Maine, Rt. Rev. Henry A. Xeely. In 
1S67 the church edifice was sold to St. Stephen's parish which 
had been lnirnt out liy the fire. The construction of the 
present cathedral on State street was commenced in 1^(57 and 
tiiiislied for occupancy Christmas 18()!<. In 1S(57 the cathedral 
being {']■{'{' Irmii debt \\;is roriiially coiim'ci'mIimI. Its cost at that 
time was about one hundred and leu tiioiisiuiil dollars. Its 
membership is about live hundred and its income about seven 
thousand dollars. Its services are very attractive l)eing what is 
termed of the ritualistic oi- high cliurcli onici-. Tlie nmsical 
portions are very attiactive and ai'c combieteil with a fme organ 
and a surpliced dioir. Sittinu's arc free. Retrular services are 
lielil oil Sundays and Imly days at I (•..".<> a. in., and T.'"i p. ni., 
Sunday school at 3 p. m., and daily services each secular day. 
The rector of the cathedral is the Rt. Rev. Bishoj) Xeely : Rev. 
C. Morton Sills, Canon resident. 



104 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

ST. Paul's church. 

After the destruction of St. Stephen's church in the fire of 
1866 and the remov^al up town of the Parish, a new Episcopal 
Society was organized under the name of St. Paul's, and a 
small stone church and a rectory were built on the corner of 
Locust and Congress streets. The lirst rector was Rev. N. 
W. T. Root succeeded by Rev. David Pise, Rev. F. S. Sill, Rev. 
Charles J. Ketchuni and Rev. Arthur W. Little the present 
rector since 1881. Services: Sundays 10.30 a. m., 7.00 p. m., 
Sunday School 3.00 p. m. 

There are eight churches of the Congregational, Trinitarian, 
denomination in this city, all descended from the mother church, 
the 

SECOND PARISH, 

which was an offshoot of the First Parish and was organ- 
ized in 1788, The services were first held in the North 
school house on the corner of King (now India) and Middle 
streets. In 1788 a meeting house was built on the corner of 
Deer and Middle streets. Having no bell, on the front end 
was a flag staff on which was hoisted a flag as the call to 
services. Across the way was St. Paul's church which had a 
small bell. One morning the sexton of St. Paul's called out : 
"What do you hoist that flag for?" Burnes the sexton of the 
Second Parish wittily retorted : -To let the people know your 
bell is ringing." The first pastor of the church was Rev. Elijah 
Kellogg. The succeeding pastors have been the distinguished 
Rev. Edward Payson, Rev. Bennett Tyler, Rev. Joseph Vail, 
Rev. Jona. B. Condit, Rev. John J. Caruthers, Rev. Charles A. 
Dickinson, Rev. Charles H. Daniels the present pastor since 
1883. In 1807 a portion of the congregation withdrew and 
formed the Third Church, which is not now in existence. In 
the great fire of 1866 the church building was destroyed, and 
the lot which it occupied was after the fire sold. A new granite, 
imposing structure was erected on the corner of Pearl and 
Congress streets and is one of the finest church edifices in the 



hull's hand-book Ol' I'ORTLAND. 



1 (15 







Hl^} 




SECOND I'AUISIl CIIUUCH, 
Corner of (-'onjircss and I'l'iul streets. 

city. It is in a prosperous condition and has a largo attendance. 
Services : Preaching, Sunday \\\ :>.00 p. m.. Sunday School at 
1.4;") \\. 111.. Social Service. Siunhiy. at T.oO p. ni., rraycr 
jMeeting. Tuesday, at "..'in p. ni. 

AliVSSlNIAX. 

Ill is^s :i society of culored |)C(i|)h', -Abyssinian Society." 
was Ibrnied, and a iiiceiiiiu' Iioiih- \\a> built on Sumner i uonv 
Newl)ui-y) sti-eet. 'remixnaiy miiiistei's officiated till 1840 
"vvlieii I\c\. Amos X. Freeman became the i)astor. He was 
succeeded by others. The prevail incumltent. Rev. John G. 
Wilson, became the acting jjastor in ISSO. Sunday service at 
3.00 p. ill. 

MKTFIEL. 

The Mariners' chiiivh biiildimi- was built in IS2S. A chuich 



106 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

was organized and Rev. Sewall Tenny, now of Ellsworth, was 
its first pastor. This orti'anization died out and a new one was 
formed in 1840. Rev. Dana Cloyes was the first pastor, 
succeeded by Rev. G. W. Bourne. Rev. D. M. Mitchell. Rev. 
James R. French, Rev. S. H. Merrill, Rc^■. Y. J. Hai'tshorn and 
the present incumbent, Rev. F. Southworth since 1865. In 
1850 a church buildino- of brick was erected on Fore, east of 
Deer street. This was destro^'ed in the fire of 1866 and re-built 
in seven months after. It has a Reading- Room for seamen 
open daily. Services: Sunday. Prayer Meeting, at 10.30. a. m., 
Preaching, at 3 ]). m., Prayer Meeting, at 7.30 p. m. ; Prayer 
Meeting Tuesdays and Fridays, at 7.45 ]). m. 

STATE STREET. 

This society was duly organized March 17, 1852 and a brick 
church Avith a wood tower was Ijuilt on State street. Tlie first 
minister was Rev. Hugh Smith Carpenter in 1853. He was 
succeeded by Rev. George L. Walker in 1858, Rev. E. Y. 
Hincks in 1870, R-v. F. T. Bailey in 1881. This church is 
considered to be the strongest one of the Congregational 
churches of the city. Sunday services at 10.30 a. m. and 7.30 
p. m. 

WEST c<)N(;re(;ational 

has a small, neat brick house of worship at the west end of the 
city. It was constructed l)y contributions from memV)ers of the 
denomination in this city and by legacies. The society has 
two hundred menil)ers and is in a prosj)erous condition. Rev. 
Sidney K. i'erkins is the present pastor. Services : Sunday at 
10.30 a. m., 7.30 p. m. 

HIGH STREET. 

In 1831 the High street church was erected and a society of 
that name formed. Rev. George C. Beckwith was installed as 
the first pastor in 1832, succeeded by Rev. John W. Chickering 
and the present pastor Rev. AVm. H. Fenn from 1866. A 



lIULl/S IIAXD-BOOK OF rOHTLAND. 



107 




HIGH STUKF.r (((NcaU'.CiATInNAI. ( Illlif II, 
117 lli,!.'li Str.'ct. 

poi-tiiiii (.rtlic .-liiiivli liiiildiiiu- \v;i^ ImiiiiI Fcliriiarv •_'. 1 s<)!» ami 
a new I'dilicc took il- plncc diiriii'^- that year. It i< new one ol 
tlic tiiic^t i-|iiirclic~ ill the i-ity and lias a iiiriiilMT>lii|> nf aliout 
luiii' liiiiidivd. It- lifiic\(driit (•(iiitiilMitii>ii- a-idc I'roiii r\|n'nsCS 
a\crai:r alioiit $.'!.. ")<»(> yearly. Sunday -ri-\icc> an- Ih'M at 
lt,)..">() a. 111., and "..■'»(> )». ni. 

sf. LAW i;i:n(I-: srt;i:i:f. 

Ill is.")" till- St. Law rciicc street CunLireLiat innal cliiireli was 
loi-nieil and in ls.",> n (•liinvli was luiilt on St. Lawreiu-e -treet. 
The first pastor wa- IJe\. Kdward T. Thwinu-. The pfeseiit 
iiiciniiheiit, Kev. Abicl 11. Wiiizht lieiiaii his pastorate in ISTI. 



108 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

Services at 10.30 a. m., 3 and 7.30 p. m. Sunday School 1.30 
p. m. 

WILLISTON CHURCH 

is situated on the corner of Carroll and Thomas streets. This 
is the youngest of the Congregational churches of the city. Its 
first commencement was as a mission chapel in 1873 in a wooden 
building on the corner of May and Danforth streets. Rev. 
Burke F. Leavitt was the first minister, succeeded by Rev. Frank 
E. Clark in 1876. A new brick church was ])uilt in 1878. 
The present incumbent, Rev. Leavitt H. Hallock, was installed 
in 1883. Services: 10.30 a. m., 7.30 p. m.. Sunday School 
3.00 p. m. 

FRIENDS. 

A small congregation of this worthy and honorable society 
hold meetings in this city in a small brick building on Oak 
street, where stated meetings are held on Sundays at 10.30 a. 
m., 7.30 p. m., Thursdays at 3.00 p. m. except monthly meeting 
at 10.00 ci. m. The first Friends meeting house in Portland 
was a brick l)uilding erected in 1796 on the corner of Pearl 
and Federal. The lot which it occu])ied now forms part of 
Lincoln Park. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 

Methodism was first organized in this city in 1794. In 
1804 tlie old wooden St. Paul's church on Middle street was 
purchased iuid removed to the lot between Federal and Congress 
streets opposite the head of Chestnut street and Rev. Joshua 
Taylor was placed in charge. A new wooden edifice was built 
on Chestnut street and finished in 1812. This was known as 
the Chestnut Street M. E. church. In 1857 a new Ijrick church 
was built on Chestnut street adjacent to the former house. 
This is one of the finest churches in the city, costing about 
$70,000. The present minister is Rev. N. T. Whittaker who 
came here in 1887. It lias a large membership and attendance. 



HULI. S lIA.\li-l!()()K OV PORTLAND. 



0!) 




CHESTNUT STREET METHODIST EPISOOl'Al. ( 111 KCll, 
9 Cli.stiiiU Stroot. 

Services on Siiinhiy :il l().:ii> :i. in.. ."i.OO |.. ni.. Pi-ayer ^rootinii's 
^^iMiday nnil 'I'nrsday at T.<><» p. m.. Cla.ss .Mi'ctin.u's Thursday 
and Fi'iday I'venings. 

I'INE STREET. 

In I s4."J a iHOvenieut was started to establish a .M. 1'. I'hnrch 
in the western part of the city, the former society formed in 
1N28 having disl)an(h'd. The use of the ward i-oom on Brackett 
street was obtained, a Sunday school organized under the 
supcrintcmh'nrc of Samuel II. Leavitt. In ]x\i^ a house of 
Avorship was built on l*ine street, llev. Stephen Allen was the 
first pastor. Tn 1S76 the wooden church edifice built 1(S46 
was removed and a line brick church constructed on the same 
lot. The church is in a prosperous condition and has been 
served by al)le pastors. Rev. Theodore Gerrish is the present 
pastor from 1888. There are about 300 memliers. Value of 
ilniiih $87,000. of jiarsonage $4,')00. Services, Sunday at 
K >..".<) a. m.. .'1 1 1, ni. Prayer meeting ".•)') p. m. Siunlay school 
VI m. 



110 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

CONGRESS STREET. 

This church buildhi"" is situated on tlie corner of St. Lawrence 
and Congress streets. It is a neat wooden buildino- witli a 
tower and spire. It was built in 1867 on the site of a former 
building constructed in 1851. Tlic first minister was Rev. 
Eaton Shaw. The present occupant is Rev. J. M. Frost whd 
was stationed here this year. Services 10.30 a. ul, 3 p. m. 
Sunday school 1.30 p. m. 

METHODIST MISSION. 

Occasional services are held at Harmon's liall at the junction 
of Portland and Congress streets. No permanent minister. 

METHODIST INDEPENDENT. 

This is a society most of tlie members of wliich seceded 
from the Pine Street M. E. church in 1882 and built a neat 
wooden edifice on the corner of Vaughan and West streets. 
Rev. D. W. Le Lacheur is the present minister. Services 10.30 
a. m., 3 and 7.30 p. m. Sunday school 1.30 p. m. 

FIRST BAPTIST. 

The history of this society begins in 1801 when the first 
church was organized, A few years later a small chapel was 
built on Federal street, then a more spacious house was erected 
on the same lot, which was afterward remodeled into an 
attractive cimrch edifice which was destroyed in the fire of 
1866. The society then built the freestone front church on 
Congress and Wilmot streets opposite Lincoln Park. It is an 
ornament to the city. The first pastor of this church was Rev, 
Benjamin Titcomb, succeeded by Rev. Josiah Converse, Rev. 
Caleb Blunt, Rev. Thomas B. Ripley, Rev. Ebenezer Thrasher^ 
Rev. George Leonard, Rev. John S. Maginnis, Rev. James T. 
Champlin, Rev. L.F. Beecher, Rev. J. R. Scott, Rev. W. H 
Shailer, Rev. T, D. Anderson and the present pastor Rev. A. K, 
P. Small. Services 10.30 a. m., 7. p. m. Sunday School 12.30. 



HULLS IIA.NI»-l!iH)K <i|' I'dlMl.AM). 



11 




A 




"■" —'CM/lJSH/f-t^ 



FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
353 Congress Street. 



FREE STREKT HAl'TIST. 



This, tlio sceoiid l>;i|ilisl Cliiiiu'li in ilic city, was orirauized in 
ls;;(; hy lirty-livc nicinlx'rs of the Federal Street Church. Tiic 
Tori land Theatre; IJiiihliiig oil Free Street was ])iirehased and 
altcic(l into a hoii^c of" worship. Sulisci|iicntly other alterations 
were niaih- until it became the present attractive liuildiic^-. The 
first pastor was Rev. Thomas 0. Jjineoln, succeeded by Kev. 
Lewis Colby, Eev. J. S. I^aton. Rev. Georire W. Bosworth, Rev. 
John C. Stockljrid.u-e. Rev. A. K. W Small. K\'v. .lames Mc- 
Whinnie. Rev. A. T. Dunn I lie present iucumi>ent since 1S85. 
Services, are held 10. oU a. m., 7.30 p. i:i. Sunday School 12 m. 



FREE HAPTIST rTirncH. 

Tn 1810 Rev. Klias Suiith or<::ani/.e(l here a society which has 
boiiie the several mimes nl" Christians. Freewill Baptists and the 
Union Society. After the Meihodi-ts moved into i^ieir m-w house 
on Chestnut Street this Society occujtied the old Ei)iscopal ( 'Imrch 
vacated by the Methodist--, until 1>^1T when they jturchased the 



112 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

old Court House, remodeled the inside and moved it to the lot 
opposite the City Hall. In 1827 they erected the wooden church 
on the corner of Casco and Cumberland Streets. In 1884 the 
Society purchased of the Plymouth Church the l)rick edifice on 
Congress Street at the head of Hig'li, formerly owned by the 
Union Church and Plymouth Church, and made it their place of 
worship. In 1869 Rev. John M. Lowden of Halifax N. S. was 
settled as Pastor and continues in that relation. The church is 
prosperous and has a membership of about three hundred and 
fifty. Services 10.30 a. m., 7.30 p. m. Sunday School 12 m. 

FIRST UNIVERSALIST. 

In 1821 the first Universalist Church in Portland was organized. 
The first services were held in the Center School House build- 
ing. The same year a house of worship was erected on the corner 
of Pearl and Congress Streets. It was a modern building with 
a spire which was afterwards removed. The first pastor was 
Rev. Russell Streeter, succeeded by Rev. Jolui Bisbee, Rev. Wm. 
J. Reese, Rev. MenziesRaynor, Rev. I). D. Smith, Rev. C. C. Burr, 
Rev. Russell Streeter again, Rev. L. L. Sadler, Rev. C. R. Moor 
Rev. Edwin C. Bolles, Rev. Wm. E. Gibbs and Rev. Henry 
Blanchard, the present minister. The present noble building 
occupied by this society is on High Street and was built in 1865. 
It is of brick covered with mastic and is a beautiful specimen 
of church architecture. Sunday services are held at 10.30 a. m. 
and 3 p. ra. Sunday School at 12.15 p. m. 

CHURCH OF MESSIAH. 

A Second Universalist Church was organized in 1 860. Services 
were held in Union and Mechanic Halls. Rev. Zenas Thompson 
was the first minister. The organization was abandoned. In 1865 
after the removal of the first society to Congress Square, another 
organization was effected and the old church on Pearl Street 
purchased. This was burned in the fire of 1866. In 1869-70 
the present church building on the corner of India and Congress 
Streets was erected. Rev. George W. Bicknell became the first 
pastor, succeeded by Rev. Charles A. Hayden. A new society, 



HITM/s IIAND-nOOK OF POHTI.AXI). 1 1 3 

''Cliureli of the Messiah,' was oi'uauizcil ()ctol>cr ISSI. and l^ev. 
R. S. Kcllcniiaii succeeded Rev. Mr. Hayden. Rev. Marion 
Croslcy. tlic jiresmt pastoi'. licLi.in liis services in 18S4. ^ince 
then all the laru'C debt on the church has heen j)aid. One hundred 
and fifty families are connected with the church, and there is a 
membership of aljout one hunilicd. Services are held at 10. .'jO 
a. ni. and 8.30 p. m. Sunday School at 12 ni. noon. 

SOCIETY OF THE NEW .lERFSAl.E.M (s\VE1)E\I'.0K(;IAN). 

The first public new church service in Portlandwas held at 
the Methodist vestry on Cumberland Street in June 1829. Di-. 
Timothy Little conducted the services. In 1836 a Parish was 
incorporateil. and in 18."!7 a house of worship was erected on 
Congress street. Rev. Henry A. Worcester was the first min- 
ister, succeeded by Rev. James Scott, Rev. Joshua 0. Cobburn. 
Rev. T. D. Stnrtivaut, Rev. Wm. B. Hayden. In 1866 by the 
great lii'e the church edifice was destroyed. In 1 868 a new and 
connnodious church was built on New High Street. In 1876 
Mr. Hayden resigned and Rev. J. K. Smyth became pastor in 
1877. He was succeeded by Rev. Thomas A. King and in 1 885 
by Rev. Howard C. Dunham, the present pastor. Services arc 
held Siniday at 10.30 a. m. and 7.30 p. m. Sunday School at 
12 m. 

SECOND ADVENT. 

Since 1839 there have been from one to two Second Advent 
Societies in this city. The two are now united in one which 
holds meetings at Mechanics' Hall on Con jrress street. 
Sunday services are held at 10.30 a. m. and 3 p. m. Sunday 
School at 12 m. Social evening service at 7.30 p. m. 

HEBREWS. 

The Jews in this city number more than sixty families. 
They have a Synagogue which is called "Congregation Shayias 
Israel" located at 79 Middle street. B. Aaro nson. President. 
Rev. Israel Levine. Rablii. Services on Saturday. 8 lo IC a. 
ni., 4 to 6 ]i. m. 



114 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

LUTHERAN CHURCH. 

Quite a number of Scandinavians are residents of the city. 
In 1874 the First Lutheran Church was organized. A small 
modern church building was erected on Elm street in which 
services are held on alternate Sundays in the English and 
Scandinavian languages. Services at 10.30 a. in. Rev. Geo. 
A. P. Kygh is the present pastor. 

GOSPEL MISSION. 

This is a free church mission under the charge of Rev. 
Samuel F. Pearson and was established in 1878. Its services 
are held in Congress Hall, 420 1^ Congress street. Regular 
services are held Sundays and week day evenings. The mission 
is still in charge of Rev. Mr. Pearson. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

This was established in this city in 1885. Its services are 
held at Williams' Hall, 379 i^ Congress street. Rev. John R. 
Crosser was its first minister. The society has about one 
hundred members. There is now no regular pastor. Services 
are held Sundays at 3 and 7.30 p. m. 

Other reli2;ious organizations which hold Sunday services are 
The Church of Christ, Room 6, Brown's Block, at 10.30 a. m., 
3 and 7.30 p. m. Spiritualists, 457 1^ Congress street, at 3 
and 7.30 p. m. Young Men's Liberal Association, corner of 
Congress and Temple streets, at 2 p. m. 

THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. 

From 1790 until 1810 the Catholics of the United States 
were under the jurisdiction of Bishop Carroll of Baltimore, in 
1810 Boston became the titular see of New England: in 1855 
Portland was created the titular see of Maine and New 
Hampshire. Its first Bishop was the Rt. Rev. David William 
Bacon who was installed in the old church of St. Dominic's, 
May 1, 1855. He died in 1874 leaving behind him noble 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



115 



iii(iiiiiiiiiiil> III' \\\< zeal ami ciicruN . His successor, the lit. 
l\r\'. .lames A iil;misI iiic llcaly. was (•(iiis('crat('(| on .liiiic ll. I>^7"). 
A- early as IS-J'J, at the iv(|iie~t n\' Inriy-three (Jatliolics, 
r>i>li(i|i (^Iievcnis of I>()stoii said mass tor the Hi'st time in Port- 
land in the h(iu-e of Ml-. Nicholas Shea on Fore street, between 
lv\cham:'e and Phim. The tii-st ivsident ])ast()i-. tlie saintly 
Dominican, the Ue\. Charles l*'tVench was a|)jMiiiite(l liy l>islio|» 
Fen wick in IM^'.t. 

ST. !i()MINIc"s. 



'I'he conirreLi'at ion of two hnmlreij >oids u-eil to as-end»le in 
a hall of the Museum on Market Sipiare. In 1 S-JI) ijicy |,iiili ^ 
small lirick church on State street, known as St. l)ominic;"s, 
occu|)icd it in 1 S.'')0, assisted at its dedication l)y r>islio|i Fenwick 




-•1. DoMlNIC-S CATIIol.K ( lUia 11. 

7>^ St:itc Sliiit. 

ill I (S;;;;. iiiid ndai-ued it at a later date. 'riii- edihec ha- just 
Iteen taken down and a -paeioii,-. li.iiid-inne church i- in proces.- 
ot" erection under the viufoious administration of the \'icar 
General, the N'eiy Rev. .hio. W. Muri)liy. 



116 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



THE ("ATHEDRAL OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION, 

the largest and most ornate church in the state of Maine, was 
beoun in 1856, the corner stone was hiid in May 31, 1866 and 
it was solenuily dedicated on Sept. 8, 1869. The adjoining 
chapel and the E|)iscoi)al rc^sidiMice were erected immediately 
aftei- the great tire of July 4, 1866 which swept away the 
former cluipel, built in 1856, the Bishops house, tlie academy 
and parochial school for girls. 




KA\ANA<.1I S( lldol. AND BISllol' S HESIDENIE, 
305 iuid o07 Congress Street. 

CALVARY CHAPEL 

in Calv'ary Cemetery, Cape Elizabeth, was l)uilt in 1861 to 
serve as a mortuary chapel and accomodate the Catholics living 
in the neigliborhood. 

ST. .JOSEPH'S CHURCH 

in Deering was opened for service Oct. 8, 1882. 

SCHOOLS. 

The Academy of St. Elizabeth, Free street was opened in 



IILLLS llAND-IiUUi; OF I'OIITLAND. 



117 



18TG to replace tlie Academy nC Xotre Dame. kej)t Ity tlie 
sisters of Xotre Dame. Montreal, who came liitlxT in 1 S(;4. 

St. .loscph'.s Academy, Deering, for boardei's nml t\:\\ -cliolais. 
founded March 1!>. 1882. 

The Ivavanaiih School, founded liy Miss WinnilVcd Kavanagh 
of Damariscotta, was huilt in 1877. It replaces St. Aioysins' 
Parochial school on Mini joy Ifjll. erected in 1864. 

St. Dominic's School ()[)ened Dec. 8, 186"). 

Sunday Schools at the Cathedral, St. Dominic's and St. 
Joseph's. 

CH.\RITAI!I,E IXSTHrTIOXS. 

St. Eli/.al.ctirs <)i-|.liaii A>yliim. cslahlislicd in 1873. The 
orphans, lii^t lodu'cd on Free sticci. were, traiisfci'i-cd to Whitc- 
iield and linally settled in the iiuildinu' on the corner of High 
and Pleasant streets in Aug. 1887. 

St Joseph's Home for aged and convalescent women, Deering, 
established in 1822: tho new homo was occu])ic(l ^Tarch 19, 
1888. 

The Schools, the Asylum and the Home are in cjiaiu-c of the 
Sisters of Mercy. 

(jrir.Ds. 

Confci-cnccs of Si. N'inccnt of Paul: ("alliolic KniLiiil^ of 
.Vmerica : \ arious pious coiifratci'iiitics. 

CATHOLIC r0I'i:i.ATION. 

In 1.S22. 4:;: 1S2!», 200; \S}]:\, ;;00 : lS(il, ;;u()0: 18(i(;. 
6000; 18S8, over !M)00. 






Bar^l^s ar^d Bar)l((^r3. 




first bank in Portland was the Portland Bank, incor- 
porated 1799, capital $300,000. This bank closed in 
^ 1814. Maine Bank, the second, was incorporated June 
1802, capital $300,000. It closed in 1812 and was succeeded 
by the Cumberland Bank in 1812, which also closed 1831. In 
1818 this bank was robbed of $200,000, of which nearly all was 
recovered. The principal party in the robbery was convicted 
and sent to States Prison. One of the parties to the robbery 
made a confession and committed suicide. A branch of the 
U, S. Bank was established here in 1828. The Bank of 
Portland was incorporated in 1817. The Casco Bank was 
incorporated in 1824; the Merchants' in 1825; the Canal the 
same year, with a capital of $300,000 one-fourth of which was 
to be invested in the Cumberland and Oxford Canal ; Maine 
Bank in 1831, capital $100,000; the Exchange, Manufact- 
urers' and Traders' in 1832, each with a capital of $100,000. 
Subsequently were organized the City Bank, Bank of Cum- 
berland, Atlantic Bank, Mechanics' Bank, International Bank. 
Of these the City Bank and the Atlantic Bank retired from 
business, the Mechanics Bank became the Second National, the 
International became the First National and absorbed the 
Second National. 

The banks now in existence here have been re-organized as 
National Banks and are the the following : Casco, Canal, First 
National, Cumberland National, Merchants' National, Traders' 
National. 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF POUT I -AND. 



119 



Till-; CASCO NATIOXAL HANK 

is out' of the oldest ami lias honif a most pidminent j)ait in 
the coiiiiiicrfial history and lilb of tiie city. It was founded 
and incorporated as a State Bank in 1824 by the leading 
Viusiuess men of tlie town, its original directors being Ashur 
Ware. John ^lalian. Christopher Wright. Eliphalet Greely, 
Gcoru'c Willis. Charles Miissev. Il('ni\ II. Boodv. Its first 




■■PSPW^^^^^S 



CASCO XATIUNAL BANK. 
19i-> Mi.l.Mc Stipot. 



president was Mr. .\slinr Ware and tli(> first cashier. Mi-. .lolm 
V. Boyd. The only change which the l>aiik has known took 
l>lacc April liC. isd") when it was (dianged from a State to a 
National Hank with a capital of $600,000. on .March Hi, 
increased t(t ssoo.ooo .Inly 14 of that year. During the 
entire sixty-three years of its history it has won a brilliant 
record for unimpeachable honor, business staidlity. and (inancial 
soundness of transaction wjiich may well rellecl Ikuioi- upon 
the community, and the valuable aiul ellicient services of its 
founders and peri)etuators. The present capital of the bank 
is $800,000, and the services of ten competent assistants are 
constantly required to transact its immense luisiness. They 
own the larw and beautiful buildiii'j of whicji tli(\v occupy tlie 



120 hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 

entire first floor (60 x 80 feet), a high, well-lighted and venti- 
lated apartment, with counting-room and private offices fitted 
up in neat and attractive style with every convenience for tran- 
saction of their large operations, and the most secure arrange- 
ment for the absolute safety of the valuable securities and 
moneys in their care. The present officers are : President, 
Stephen E,. Small ; Vice-president, Jacob S. Winslow ; Cashier, 
Marshall R. Goding ; Directors, Stephen R. Small, Jacob S. 
Winslow, Joseph Walker, Edward H. Davies, Frank A. Pitcher. 
Ammi Whitney, George P. Wescott. These gentlemen are all 
leading business men and repj-esentative citizens, well known 
and honored for their services and character, and ever actively 
engaged in promoting the best intei-ests of the city. 

The report of the present condition of the Casco National 
Bank, at the close of business, A])ril 30th, 1888, was as fol- 
lows : 

Resources : Loans and discounts, $1,728,677.79 : overdrafts, 
$594.50 ; U. S. Bonds to secure circulation, $50,000.00 ; other 
Stocks, bonds and mortgages, $28,500.00: due from reserved 
agents, $77,602.62; due from other National Banks, $76,219.23; 
due from State h'anks and bankers, $3,859.59 ; real estate, 
furniture and fixtures. $15,000.00; current expenses and taxes 
paid, $6,809.45; checks and other cash items, $1,2 89.77; 
exchanges for clearing house, $40,111.46 ; bills of other banks, 
$8,705.00; fractional paper currency, nickels and cents, $126.- 
38 ; specie, $53,274.50; legal tender notes, $5,283.00; redemp- 
tion fund, $2,250.00. Total, $2,098,-349.29. 

Liabilities : Capital stock, $800,000.00 ; surplus fund, $290, 
000.00; undivided profits, $31,339.72; National bank notes 
outstanding, $45,000.00 ; dividends unpaid, $2,700.00 ; deposits, 
$673,756.07; demand certificates, $22,625.20; certified checks, 
$15,562.51 ; chashiers' checks, $3,287.28 ; due to other National 
banks, $17,301.90 ; due to State banks and bankers, $24,840.86 ; 
notes and bills re-discounted, $70,000,00; bills payable, $101,- 
935.12. Total, $2,098,349.29. 



HULLS IIANi)-l!(t()K ()|- l'i)|;rL.\ND. I •_! I 

CANAI. XATIiiNAL HANK. 

ISS Middle strci't. \\;is iiic()i|M)r;il cd in ilic yciu' 1 >^2.'). iiiid(jr 
lln'Sl;ili' l:i\v. Ill 1 Ml.") il l)cc;ilii(' ;i Nnlioiial l>;iiik. ;iii(l lias 
won a most iiiiiiii|M'ac!ialiI(' and cmdalilc I'ccord a- a liniilv 







\ \ ■ S .\ i I ' I.N \ i . I ■ \ N i\ 
1X8 Miildlc Stnct. 



csta IdisIiiMl iiiid smmdly inaiia.irod iii-titiilion. Tlic lii st pi-esi- 
dciit was the 11(111. Ilarrett Potter, and ilic tirst casliicr 
AVood liiiiy Storcr. wlio was succeeded \>\ tlic vetei-an lianking 
leader, Mr. Josiali 15. Scott. I'nuw l>2ti to iNti:!, when Mi-. II. 
C. Sonierl)}- oHieiatcd until Ids retifeinent. January, 1>.^7. 
Since the start its inanuureinent has been in the hands of our 



122 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

leading and most reliable business men. At present the 
following gentlemen constitute tlie officers and directors of the 
Bank : President, W. W. Thomas, who has held this office since 
1849; Vice-President, Elias Thomas; Cashier, George C. 
Peters, who has been connected with the bank for thirty-four 
years ; Directors, William W. Thomas, Elias Thomas, F. W. 
Bailey, Francis Fessendon, John N. Lord, F. R. Barrett, B. C. 
Somerby. The capital of the Bank is $600,000, the surplus 
$304,291.80, and all its operations are conducted upon the 
most prudent and conservative basis. 

The report of the condition of the Canal National Bank, 
April 30, 1888, was as follows, Viz. 

Resources: Loans and discounts, $1,204,302.90 ; Overdrafts, 
$468.26 ; United States Bonds, $50,000.00 ; other stocks, bonds 
and mortgages. $679.00; due from agents, $76,775.40; due 
from other National Banks, $51,042.05; real estate, etc., 
$5,000.00; current expenses, $5,103.71 ; preiniiuns paid, $12,- 
000.00; checks and other cash items, $18,975.76; exchanges 
for clearing house, $15,748.60 ; bills of other banks, $9,222.00 ; 
fractional paper currency, nickels and cents, $700.51 ; specie, 
$59,184.80; legal tender notes, $7,000.00 ; redemption fund, 
$2,250.00; Total. $1,518,452 99. 

Liabilities: Capital stock, $(100,000; surplus fund, $120,000; 
undivided profits, $184,139.94; National bank notes, $45,000 ; 
dividends unpaid, $904.75; deposits, $455,985.03; certified 
checks, $8,816.53; cashiers checks, $7,893.73; due to other 
National Banks, $65,713.01 ; notes and bills 're-discounted, 
$30,000; total, $1,518,452.99. 

merchants' national bank. 

Among the most progressive and reliable banks in this 
vicinity, the Merchants' National has long been recognized by 
wise business men to be an exceptionally valuable institution 
through which to conduct financial dealings. This bank was 
incorporated as a State bank in 1825, and as a National bank, 
May 1, 1865, and since its inauguration has continued uninter- 



HULLS HAND-HOOK OF PORTLAND. 



123 




t^^,^^jz 



MERCII ANTS X ATIOX A L IJ A N K . 
34 Excliiingc Stifi't. 

ni|ittMlly to ti-;iiisai't its L;-i-()\viim- husiiics.-. ami stiimls as a repre- 
sentative of all that is licst in tin- Xationa! Hank system. The 
capital of the hank is ifJoOO.OOO ; the surplus and umlividcd 
])rofits. $180,000; ami in addition to its officer,^, four assist- 
ants are constantly i led to eany nii its extensive linancial 

transactions. A lincdy arramicd and elepintly lilted u]* office 
(20 X 75 feet) is now ()(cui)ie(|. The oflieers and directors 
are: — President. (Jeorgc S. limit: \*ice-l'resideiit. dames I*. 
Baxter: Cashier, riiaides Payson : Pirectors. Geo. Puridiani, 
Charles Fobes, William R. Wood. W. S. DamL D. W. ivensell. 
These gentlemen are all recounized as honored leaders in 
the mercantile and liankiifj." world, and !iy virtu(> ol their 

1 nu- experience ami hiu'li reiiutafion as laisiness men add 
o ■ ' ' 



124 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

both honor and inflnence to tlie prominent position occupied 
by this bank. 

Resources : Loans and discounts, $803/243.45 ; overdrafts, 
$146.11; United States bonds to secure circuhition, $50,- 
000.00 ; United States bonds to secure deposits, $70,000.00 ; 
other stocks, bonds and mortgages, $2,492.48 ; due from 
approved reserve agents, $38,371.64; due from other National 
Banks, $12,135.23; real estate, furniture, and fixtures, $21,- 
000.00 ; current expenses and taxes paid, $3,863.05 ; checks 
and other cash items, $2,929.18; exchanges for clearing-house, 
$5,941.59; bills of other Banks, $1,314.00; fractional paper 
currency, nickels and cents, $73.98 ; specie, $30,630.00 ; legal 
tender notes, '$500.00 ; redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer 
(5 per cent of circulation), $2,250.00; total, $1,044,890.71. 

Liabilities : capital stock paid in, $300,000.00 ; surplus fund, 
$60,000.00 ; u:, divided profits, $134,546.10 ; national bank notes 
outstanding, $45,000.00; dividends unpaid, $331.20; individual 
deposits subject to check, $311,709.48; demand certificates of 
deposit, $24,000.00; certified checks, $2,597.23; cashier's 
checks outstanding, $78,717.42; United States deposits, $25,- 
992.17; deposits of U. S. disbursing officers, $35,949.87 ; 
notes and bills re-discounted, $26,047.24; total, $1,044,890.71. 

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK, 

of Portland, as its name indicates, was the first State Bank in 
this city to enter the National system. As a State Institution 
under the name of the International Bank, it was incorporated 
in 1859, with the following prominent citizens of Portland as 
directors : St. John Smith, Ezra Carter, Thineas Barnes, Charles 
Holden and Harrison J. Libby, of whom the latter is the only 
survivor, St. John Smith being Pi'esident. Its organization 
was continued under the National Ciiarter, which was renewed 
in 1883, on its expiration by limitation. The present capital 
is $1,000,000. The Board of Directors elected January, 1887, 
is as follows: Harrison J. Lil»by, William W. Brown, Frederick 
Robie, Mark P. Emerv, Alliion Little, William G. Davis and 



iin.i."s iiA.\ii-i;()(»K OK roin LAND. TJ") 

Philip llciirv r>i(t\\ii. Tlic I'Oport of" tlic ('oiiditioii dlilie First 
.\;itioii;il Uniik. April MO. ISSS. was as follows, vi/ : 

IxcsouiXH's : Loans and (lisrount<. s] .r)()9.140.()9 ; U.S. Bonds. 
s.')(i.(l()0.()(); other stocks, l)onds and mortgages. §?>fi.()<H).(i(i : 
dm- from agents. sli).389.56; due IVoni otlier National r>anks. 
SI ") 7.0.") 1 .;')(;: dne fioni State Banks and Bankers. Sl,'-)4:7.!)2 ; 
real estate, ete., SIT8,443.87; current expenses, $5,125. ol ; 
checks and other cash items. $2 1 G.2G ; exchanges for clearing- 
house. S21.424.74: I. ills of otlici- banks, S11.4().").oo : paper 
eurrcncv, nickles and cents. sr,)().42; specie, S")(),7S2.21 : legal 
tender notes, $41.3()().()() ; redemption fund, .82,2.30.00: due 
from U. S. Treasury, §500.00; total, $2,190,567.54. 

Lial.ilities: ('aj)ital .stock, $1,000,000; surplus fund. S120.- 
000 : nndivideil i)rolits. $3'), 957. 30 ; National JUink notes out- 
standing. s4.").000.00 : dividends unpaid, S256.8S : deposits. 
$(;.")2,587.98 ; certified checks, $12,465.93 ; cashiers checks, $15.- 
232.46: due to other National Banks. $91,730.22; due to 
State Banks and Bankers, $49,773.97; total. $2,19(),5(;7.54. 

NATIONAL TRADHIis' I5ANK, 

No. 38 Exchange street. One of the oldest estaldished finan- 
cial institutions in Portland, and one that has repeatedly 
shown its abiding and alniiKhuit faith in the city's solidity and 
continued commercial pi-osjierity, is the National Traders' 
Bank. Over half a centuiy ago the inception of tliis organ- 
ization occurred, it having been founded in 1832 as a State 
J^ank. Its management through the many and severe linan- 
cial crises which the country has undergone since that time, has 
repeatedly been the theme of pronounced admiration, and the 
only apparent effect of the years whijh have passed over this 
enterprise, has been, as in the case of a vigorous forest tree, 
to still further extend its operations and str(>ngthen its hoM on 
popular I'avor. The President is Mr. William G. Davis, a 
native of Limin'jton, Me. ami om- of our most highly respected 
citizens, and the Cashier is Mr. ivhvard (Jould. who was liorn 
in Gorham, Me., and is also extensively and favorably known 



126 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

in business circles. No institution of the kind in Maine is 
more sound, financially, as may be gathered from the fact that 
it has a surplus of $10o,()00 on a capital stock of $300,000. 
It is correspondent of the Suttolk Nati:)nal Bank of Boston, 
Mass., where it has kept its continued account from the 
beginning, and also of the Phoenix National Bank of New York 
City, where tlie account has Ijcen continued since 1837, and 
possesses exceptional facilities for the rapid and accurate 
transaction of business between these great commercial centers 
and this city. An office, conveniently fitted up, is occupied at 
No. 38 Exchange street, and three clerks are in attendance 
who give their best endeavors to the task of attending to the 
manifold wants of depositors and others. The Directors are 
William G. Davis, R. M. Richardson, Richard 0. Conant, Will- 
iam N. Davis, Charles 0. Haskell. 

Report of the condition of the National Traders Bank ot 
Portland, April 30, 1888, was as follows, viz: 

Resources : Loans and discounts, $54.5,174.14 ; U. S. Bonds to 
secure circulation, — 4^ per cent, $137,000, 4 per cent, $35,- 
000, = $172.000 ; due from approved reserve agents, $81,893.41 ; 
due from other National Banks, $19,563.65 ; current expenses 
and taxes paid, $3,645.19 ; exchanges for clearing-house, $8,- 
125.92 ; bills of other banks, $9,017 ; fractional paper currency, 
nickles and cents, $77.29; specie, $29,230; legal tender notes, 
$6,901 ; U. S. certificates of deposit of legal tenders, $2,000 ; 
redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer, (5 per cent of circu- 
lation), $7,740; due from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 per 
cent redemption fund, $1,236.33 ; total, $886,603.93. 

Liabilities : capital stock paid in, $300,000, surplus fund. 
$60,000, undivided profits, $56,771.54, $116,771.54 : National 
Bank notes outstanding, $131,100; dividends unpaid, $719,96; 
individual deposits subject to check, $338,012 43; total. $886,- 
603.93. 

CUMBERLAND NATIONAL BANK. 

The Bank of Cumberland was incorporated under the state 



II1:L1."s ilAXD-lIOOK OF I'OUTI.AM). 1 "J ~ 

liiws ill ISof). Ill IS(').") it licconic a Natioiiiil IJaiik iiiidcr its 
preseiil iiaiiir iiiid li;is iicNcr foi'tritcd. in the sliiilitest dcf^ree, 
its ri.iiiit to stand amon.i;" the most lioiiorod rupresciitatives of 
the bankinti' interests of this coiintrv. Tlie ('a])ital of the bank 
is $250,000 and the offieci'S and d.ireetors are as follows: 
President, II. N. Jose, since 1876; Cashier, W. H. Souie, since 
1878; Directors, Horatio N. Jose. .lames E. Marrett, J. C. 
Tukesbury, Daniel W. Triie, William II. Moulton, Charles P. 
Ingraham iiiid Xathiin Cleaves. The Hoard of Officers and 
Directors now, as has always been the case, is composed of the 
most honored and reliable of our merchants and citizens, who 
mei'it the continued esteem and confidence of the l)usiness 
world, which they have long so abundantly enjoyed. 

Report of the condition of the Cumberland Xational l>ank. 
Apr-il 80, 1888, was as follows, vi/ : 

Resources: Loans and disrounts, $408,734.36; U. S. Bonds 
to secure circulation, §.")(), ()()() : due from approved reserve 
agents, $6,064.82; du<> from other National Banks, $7,472.34; 
real estate, furniture and fixtures. $15,000; current expenses 
and taxes paid, $2,015.10; premiums paid, $8,000; checks and 
other cash items, $5,005.82 ; exchanges for clearing-house. $11- 
023.75 ; liills of other banks. $4,020; fractional jjaper currency, 
nickles. and cents, $72, 7() ; specie, $3,865 ; legal tender notes. 
$9.25!) ; redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer ( 5 jier cent of 
circulation), $2,250; total. $532,782.95. 

Liabilities: Capital stock paid in. s-J5i».i)(H) : sm|dii.- I'lmd, 
$50,000: undivided profits, $39,414.!»2 : National Bank notes 
outstanding. $45,000: dividends unpaid. >;43().32 : individual 
deposits sul)ject to check, $109,745.02 : demand certihcates of 
deposit, $36,556.40 : cashier's checks oulstandinii'. ^1 .6;i(;.2'.l : 
total. $532.7S2.!t5. 

S.4VIXG.S H.\XKS. 

The lirst Saviiiu's Bank in Poithmd was established in 1830 
and its deposits were generally from persons of small means. 
Its investments were made larsxely in bank stock, and during 



128 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



the financial distress of 1837-40 larg'e losses were met so that 
the bank suspended and closed up business. The present 



PORTLAND SAVIN(;S HANK 



was org-anized in 1 852, and by the al)ility of its management 
has become one of the hiriiest institutions of its kind in the 




PORTLAND SAVINGS BANK. 
83 Exchaugo Street. 



country. The trustees are Oliver Gerrish, George E. B. Jack- 
son, Weston F. Milliken, Franklin R. Barrett, James P. Baxter; 
Edward A. Noyes and Chas. S. Fobes. Oliver Grerrish is 
President : Edward A. Noyes, Treasurer. The bank occupies 



Hri.l."s HAND-HOOK UF I'0I{TLAX1). lli'.> 

rooms oil the lnwcr floor of tlir luiildiii'^- owiicil liy the liaiik 
37x7'> tect ill (liinciisions. wliicli i> iliviilcd into a waitiiii:' I'oom, 
directors room and izciioial business oflice, one ol" tlie most 
spacious and clcLi-antly ('iiini<li(Ml Uankiivi' rooms in the country. 

Rei)ort of till' condition ol' tlic rortlaiid Savings Bank, May 
10. 1888, is as follows: 

Resources: United States lionds, $3!Jo,000.00 ; city and 
county bonds, $l.Sf)(;.080.00 : loans to corporations. $502,- 
500.00: loans with collaterals. §1,143,309.32; loans on mort- 
gages, $674,850.83; real estate 8215,311.48; bank stock, $98,- 
020.00; railroad bonds, $1,617,000.00; railroad stock, $20,- 
000.00; expense, $42.95; cash, $5,395.41; total, $6,567,509.99. 

Liabilities : Deposits, $6,114,409.45 ; reserve fund, $305,000.- 
00; dividend No. 71 and State tax, §141,826.48: Interest, 
$6,274.06 ; total, $6,567.50!). 99. 

.NtAIXE SAVIX(;S tiAXK. 

This institution which came from small beginnings has 
l)ecome the second institution in the State. It commenced 
business in 1859 and was called the -Five Cent Savings Bank." 
In 1868 it assinned its ]»resent name. 

It has nearly 16.000 depositors, and its surplus is over 8800,- 
()()(). It ha> tine banking rooms in the brick Idock on the 
corner of Plum and Middle streets. The officers of the l)ank 
are Samuel Rolfe, President: Charles Fobes, Vice President; 
Alpheus G. Rogers, Secretary and Treasurer. The following 
with the persons named constitute the board of Trustees: 
Daniel W. True, Rufus Cushnian. Mark P. Fmery. Win. G. 
Davis, Eben Corey. 

Statement of the condition of Maine Savimjs P>ank. Mairh 
28, 1888. 

Resoun>(\s: U. S. bonds, $100.000; city of Portland bonds, 
$92,000: public funds out of New England, $1,627,000; rail- 
road bonds iu ^[aine, $285,500; railroad bonds out of New 
England, $1,792,000; railroad stock, $9,000: corporation 
bonds, $3S5,000; bank stock, $21,250; real estate, $98,126.47; 



130 



HULLS HAXD-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 




MAINE SAVINGS BANK. 
198 Middle Street. 

premium and expense account, $28,698.58 ; loans on public 
funds and other securities, $53,135 ; mortgages on real estate, 
$338;229.96; cash, $9,087.02 ; total, $4,839,027.03. Surplus 
at market value of securities, $742,015.51. 

Liabilities: Deposits, $4,591,030.93: reserved fund, $202,- 
671.61; profits, $82.06; interest, $45,242.43; total, $4,839,- 
027.03. 

CO-OPERATIVE SAVINGS BANKS. 

One of these excellent associations, the first in the city, has 
lately been staitcd under the name of the Casco Loan and 
Building Association. Office in Oxford Block, No. 183 Middle 
street. Fred N. Dow, President; D. B. Ricker, Secretary. 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



i;;i 



PRIVATK liANKHllS 



are J. J>. Brown and sons, iMs Middle street, Ibrmod in 1S55; 
Swan tV' Barrett, bankers mid brokers, 186 Middle strcjet ; 
Woodliiirv iV Moulloii, 1T() Middle street, corner of Exchange; 
Pidleii. Crocker iV' Co., bankers and l)i'okers, 33 Exchange 
street : Aretas Shurtletl*, l)anker and broker, 19-i Middle street; 
Korthern Banking Co., 53 Exchange street, capital $100,000. 



9dustri(^5' /T)a9ufa(;l-ur(^5, Jrade. 



[i jORTLAND is one of the most healthy cities on the globe. 
Its rate of mortality is the lowest. It has a delightful 
climate and is a city of fine residences and comfortable 
homes. Its industries are not confined to any one particular 
interest but are A'aried. The mechanical and laboring classes 
are generally industrious, intelligent and sober citizens. Strikes 
very rarely occur, and a continued strike is never known. 
The relations between the employer and employee are of the 
best. Tlie manufacturing industries of Portland are gradually 
increasing. It is a city well adapted to that business. Coal 
and raw materials can be landed at this port as favorably as at 
any place on the sea board north of New York. The principal 
manufacturing establishments follow. The 



PORTLAND COMPANY, 

situated on Fore street, adjoining the Grand Trunk Railroad 
grounds, manufactures locomotives, boilers and machinery. It 
is the only establishment of the kind in Maine and was com- 
menced in 18-47. The establishment has a national reputation, 
employs -ioO men, and its annual products are over $1,000,000. 
Edward H. Daveis is President, George F. Morse, Treasurer, 
George W. Beale, Superintendent. 

QUINN & CO., 

Nos. 45-49 Commercial street, are boiler makers, blacksmiths 
and machinists. The premises occupied are 60x300 feet and 
50 men are employed. 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 166 

■ PORTLAND R()LLI\(J MILLS. 

The works of this C()iii[Kuiy are siliuilcd at Lig'ouia on Capo 
Elizabeth opposite Portland on the line of the Boston S: Maine 
Railroad. Bar iron, fish plates and railroad spikes are manu- 
lactiired. Employment is g-iven to 180 men. Goods are ship- 
ped all over the country and are i-ecognized as standard goods 
among iron woikcrs and users. Charles R. ^lilliken is Presi- 
dent ; J. W. Jjeavitt, Treasurer. 

PORTLAND STONE WARE COMPANY 

is located at Deering Point on Back Cove just across Deering's 
Briduv. This is an old established business, and the goods 
tliey nianufacturr arc of the best. Tiicir pottery is the largest 
and l)cst e(iuip])ed of any in New England. They employ 100 
hands. J. N. it E. 15. Winslow, are the proprietors. 

PORTLAND CEMENT PIPE AND STONE COMPANY. 

This business was established in 18G6, and the present 
company organized in 188?). The works are on Fore river at 
the west end of the city on a side track of the Portland & 
Ogdensburg Railroad. OflSce, 14 Plum street. Herbert G. 
Briggs is President ; J. W. Stockwell, Treasurer and Manager. 

PORTLAND STOVE FOUNDRY COMPANY 

iiKinufacturcs fm-naces, ranges, cooking and heating stoves. 
Foundry and oflBce, 66 Kennebec street. 

CUMBERLAND BONE COMPANY 

are manufacturers of fertilizers. ()nic(\ 'Ij,^ Union wharf 

CANNED (;OOI)S. 

Portland is headi|uarters for the principal packing com- 
panies in the State. The aggregate business done here is the 
largest in this class of goods of any jilace in the comitry. In 
corn packing Maine leads the world. The companies that are 



134 hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 

located here are the Portland Packing Company, operating 37 
factories; Burnham & Morrill, 31 factories; Winslow Packing 
Company ; Twitchell, Champlin & Co. ; Thompson, Hall & Co. ; 
J. P. Jordan and other smaller concerns. 

CARRIACxES. 

Portland has always had a good reputation for its carriages. 
The former establishment of James M. Kimball is now carried 
on by Zenas Thompson. Works 60-68 Union street. Fifty 
workmen are employed and the carriages manufactured are of 
a high grade. Other manufacturers are Martin & Pennell, 36 
Elm street; Joseph Mann, 63 Preble street; Chester G. 
Robinson, 30 Preble street; James B. Thompson, 15 Cross 
street, and some twenty others. 

SHOE FACTORIES. 

The manufacture of shoes by machinery is increasing here, 
the facilities for doing business being as favorable as in any of 
the towns of Massachusetts. 

SHAW, CODING & CO., 

are the largest manufacturers of ladies' and misses' fine shoes 
in this city. They have a large factory at 160 Middle street, 
four floors and basement. They employ 300 persons. They 
have also a large establishment at Freeport, Maine. 

WEBB & GUSHING 

have a factory at Nos. 79-83 Cross street, four floors, each 
70x85. Their employees number over 200. They manu- 
facture ladies' and misses' fine goods. 

A. F. COX & SON, 

Nos. 63-69 Union street, have a building of five stories and 
manufacture men's and boy's goods. 

Other manufacturers are L. P. Hawkins, 29 Plum street; 



hull's H.\ND-B00K of PORTLAND. 135 

Jones. Canhiiid A- rnyson. H),')-l()'.) Midillo street, liidies' and 
misses' iroods. aii'l Dtliers. 

TUK KACl.K Sf(;Al! 1!I:FL\L\(; COMl'ANV 

iiiaiiiifactiires siiuai' IVoiu molasses for the use of rcHiiers. Its 
wdi'ks arc situated at \o. 143-101 Fore street. George S. 
Hunt &, Co.. 16i)— 171 Commercial stieet, are at^cnts. 

We have not space to enumerate or mention all of the manu- 
f'acturiniz cstahlishnients of our city. There arc other small 
manufacturinu' industi'ies whoso pi-odut^ts in the aii'u'regate 
amount annually t<~) quite a sum and g'ivc employment to a large 
portion of our population. 

TItADK AND iJL'SlXHSS. 

The trade of Portland consists of its foreign and coast-wise 
business carried on Ity steamers, ships and smaller vessels. In 
the winter season, from November to May, two or more lines 
of ocean steamers run from here to Liverpool and other English 
jiorts. Their outward cargos are agricultural products and 
provisions; their inwai-d cargos. miscellaneous maniiractures, 
])i-inci])ally for Canada. The connection of Poi-tland with the 
lower Hritish Provinces is l»y the International line of steamers 
and sailing vessels, which l)ring to this market the products of 
the soil and fisheries in exchange for the maiiufactures of New 
England. .\ commercial union with Canaihi would be of great 
benclit to the laisiness of this city. 

i.rMi;i:it. 

The lumber trade of Portland is lai'ge and pi-osper(»ns. 
Not only do the mills of Maine on the Saco river and the 
Androscoggin riv<'r make Poithmd llicir shipping jxtrt for 
coast-wise trade, lait Canad;i Ininlier comes here in large 
quantities in l>ond and from liric is sent to South American 
ports. Most all of the wholesale liiinbrr Itusiness is transacted 
on Commercial street. The princij)al linns there are the 
Berlin Mills Co., No. 404; Cyrus S. Clark estate, 3G4; Edwin 



136 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Clement, 384; Frank M. Clement, 432; Deering, Winslow & 
Co., 323 ; Rufus Deering & Co., 390; Dole & Stewart, 448 ; S. 
H. & A. R. Doten, 494-504 ; Frank Dudley, 342 ; S. C. Dyer 
& Co., 448; Haines, Richardson & Co., 322 ; J. H. Hamlen & 
Son, 305 ; George L. Hodgdon & Co., 407 ; S. W. Larrbee & 
Son, 250; J. A. Leavitt & Son, 346; R. Lewis &. Co., 448; 
Rumery, Birnie & Co., 458-462; Smart and Doten, 366; G. 
W. Soule, 418 ; Wm. H. Walker & Co., 208. 

ICE. 

The ice l»usiness is an important feature of the industries of 
Portland. The first person to cut ice here was David Robinson, 
a confectioner, who is well remembered in this community. 
He had two stores, one on Exchange street and one on the 
corner of Congress and Center streets. He used the ice in his 
own business. He made the first ice cream in Portland, which 
was used at a party given to Gen. Lafayette on his visit to 
Portland in 1825. He cut ice on a pond on Munjoy Hill, and 
his ice house was a cellar, which held 12 or 14 tons, on the side 
of a hill. Later he Imilt an ice house on Cumlierland street, 
which held 52 tons. He made the attempt to retail ice from a 
wagon in the summer months ; it was not a success as his two 
days' sale amounted to but 25 cents. Li 1836-7 the benefit of 
ice was so well appreciated that there was business enough for 
a regular suppl}' to all parts of the city. Mr. R. L. Robinson 
carried on the business and an ice house was built on Cumber- 
land street near tlie Casco street church, whose capacity was 
1000 tons. In 1851 the business was sold to Foster & 
Cartwright who carried it on until the organization of the 
Sebago Lake Co. This company shipped many cargoes of ice 
and sold out in 1855 to Mr. D. W. Clark who in connection 
with Mr. Ashbel Chaplin has carried on the business to the 
present time. In 1855 there were but 490 retail customers; 
there are now over 5,000. The present dealers in ice here are 
the Clark & Chaplin Ice Co., who are large shippers ; Andros- 
coggin Ice Co. : Burnham & Co. : Libby Bros. & Pratt ; 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 137 

Phiiiiicy l>i()<. mill N\'. A. Clark it Co. at AN'ooillords. The 
ice used and sliipiKMJ iVoiu here is supplied from Lake Sebago 
and ])on(ls in this vicinity. 

FISHERIES. 

Portland is one of the jirincipal ports in the country engaged 
in this iin])ortant industry. A number of firms here fit out 
vessels for the cod and mackeral fishery. The fresh lish and 
lobster trade is larti'o. iIkmi- >ii]iplies coming IVom the shore 
fishermen who catch fish all alnnu' the coast. Shipments are 
made to the principal cities south and west. In salt and 
smoked ri>h an extensive business is done. In the dilfcrent 
branches of the trade some sixty concerns are engaged and the 
volume of business amounts to some millions yearly. 

DRY (loOns. 

A large wholesale and retail Itusiness is transacted here. 
Leading jobbers and wholesale dealers are Wm. H. Milliken & 
Co.,, 164-166 Middle street; A. Little & Co., 236-238 Middle 
street: Woodman. True A' Co., 137-141 Middle street; Bolster, 
SnoAV & .Co., 144 Middle sti-eet. There are about twenty 
retail dealers of whom Kines IJrotlicrs, i)'2'i^—i)o^) Congress 
street; Owen. ^loore <fc Co.. 50.")-")()7 Congress street; X. John 
Little, ")1() Congress street; Millett, Evans A: Co., 517 Congress 
street are the principal ones. Goods are sold here at retail at 
as low |irices as in any ciiy in the coiinti'}'. 

THE (;koci;i!V tuade 

is very extensive. The largest portion of the trade of the 
State of Maine togethei- with jiarts of New Hampshire and 
A eniiont. comes here. Most of the trade is solicited by 
drummers. Tlie mei-chants here have facilities Ibi- (hiini:' business 
equal if not superior to those in Boston. There are some 
thirty whidesale grocers and two hundied iitailers. 

FI.orR AND CHAIN. 

The connection that Portland has with the west bv the G. 



138 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

T. R. R. and the P. & 0. R. R. makes it a favorable flour and 
grain market, and large (quantities are received and sold. The 
principal warehouses are on Commercial street or connecting 
wharves, whereby cars can be brought to their doors and the 
receiving and delivery of this class of merchandise be greatly 
facilitated. There are here over fifty receivers and dealers in 
flour and grain, both wholesale and retail. 

BOOTS AND SHOES. 

We have previously referred to the shoe manufacturers of 
the city under the head of manufactures. There are here from 
ten to twelve jol)bing houses and about forty retail dealers. 

PROVISIONS AND PRODUCE. 

The trade in provisions is extensive, there being fifteen firms 
in the wholesale beef and provision trade and eighty retailers. 

BUSINESS COLLEGES. 

Two institutions in this city offer superior advantages for 
preparing young men and ladies for the counting room and 
business pursuits. The oldest one is the Portland Business 
College established in 1863 by L. A. Gray A. M., principal, 
and now conducted by him in the Davis Block opposite City 
Hall, Congress street. Shaw's Business College was commenced 
in 1884 by F. L. Shaw, principal. Located at 496^ Congress 
street. 

THE BOARD OF TRADE 

is an important association in advancing the business interests 
of the city. In connection with its rooms at 26 Exchange street 
it has a commercial reading room which is supported by the 
merchants and others. Files of papers are kept and the latest 
telegrams are placed on the bulletin l)oard. Joseph E. Blabon 
is President ; M. N. Rich, Secretary ; Charles S. Fobes, Treas- 
urer. 

Other business associations and corporations located at Port- 
land are the American Turning Co., Androscoggin Pulj) Co., 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 130 

Atkinson llDUSf Fiirnisliin^- Co.. At wood [jcad Co., Bartlett 
Land and liiiniber Co., Casco Carbonized and Cement Drain 
Pipe Co.. Casco Turning- Co., Central Wliarf Towboat Co., 
Decring Laud Co., Eastern Dreduinu' Co., Fiberitc Manufac- 
turing Co.. Forest City Sugar Refining Co., Gait Warehouse 
Co.. Goodwill Livalid Bed Attachment Co., Independent Tow- 
boat Co., Indurated Fibre Co., Leightoii Manufacturing Co., 
Maine Mutual Accident Association, New England Telphone 
and Telegraph Co., Ocean Insurance Co., Otis Falls Pulp Co., 
Island Paper Co., Sebago Wood Co., Union Compound Co., 
Union Mutual Life Insurance Co., Union Packing Co., West- 
brook Manufacturing Co., White Mountain Telephone Co., and 
others. 



'^^^^'MUf'^'^^'^^ 



Expre55 Qompapii^s, Jlel^et f\<^eT)\:s, Ijuery 
Stables, Qarria(^(^s, f^erdies, Etc;. 




first express ever established in this city was by James 
N. Winslow in 1839 when he commenced running on the 
^ boat between Boston and Portland tri-weekly each way. 
He afterwards was one of the proprietors of the Eastern 
Express Company, which transacted most of the business in 
the State of Maine. Prince's Express is the oldest now in this 
city, having carried on the business since 1849. 

The following companies and concerns transact the business 
at the present time: American Express Co., 44 Plum street; 
Prince's Express and Agent for Adams & Co., 103 Exchange; 
Canadian Express Co., 82 Exchange ; Erie Express Co., 75 
Union ; Grand Trunk Railway Express, 35 Exchange ; Greely's 
Express, Yarmouth, etc., 190 Federal and 75 Union; Hanson's 
Express, So. Windham, 190 Federal; Hodgdon & Co., Wood- 
fords and Morrill's Corner, Deering, 194 Federal; Jose's Ex- 
press, Gorham, 190 Federal; Kingsley's Express, Yarmouth, 
190 Federal and 75 Union; Leighton's Express, Saccarappa, 
190 Federal; C. E. Libby, parcel delivery, 97 Cross; May- 
berry's Express, North Gorham and South Windham, 235 
Middle; Moxcey & Soule's Express, Yarmouth, 190 Fed- 
eral ; New England Dispatch Co., 75 Union ; New York & 
Portland Express Co., 70 Exchange; Starbird's Express, 
Saccarappa, etc., 190 Federal and 75 Union; Stearns' Port- 
land & Kezar Falls Express, 38 Market; Swett & Co., 
Portland & Boston, 35 Exchange ; Taxbox's Express, Bidde- 



hull's hand-hook of PORTLAND. 141 

t'ofil iV S;ii'(i. 7') I iiioii ; W alkcr ,s Express. Kc'iiiieltiink, 75 

Ciiidii. 

TiL'KKT a(;ents. (railroads and steamers.) 

\Villi;mi I). ;!iick. il7"_' Midille street; James L. Fui'iikt. 22 
Exchange; Grand Tiiiiik Railway, 3o Exchange; Patrick 
]\r<'<'.n\\aii. 122 Congress; Union 'i'lcket Office, 40 Exchange. 
Also at all th(! railroad stations tickets to any part of the 
country arc sold. 

stables. 

At most ail (_)t' tlif hotels teams and carriages for pleasure 
drives can be obtained. The principal stables are J. F. Libby, 
20 Preble street; Henry L. Taylor, 68 Oak; H. P. S. Gould, 
rear of 7 Market Scjuare ; Fernald and Sawyer, rear G97 
Congress. There are some forty other stables in the city most 
of ulncli riiiiiish teams and carriages; also picnic wagons for 
conveying large parties to the beaches, etc. 

carriages and hacks. 

At all till' raili'oad and steamer stations eomlbrtable carriages 
and liai'ks will 1m^ found ready to transpoi-t passengers to any 
part of the city. The principal hotels generally have coaches 
for the accommodation of their guests who are expected to pay 
the regidar rates. The rates as fixed by the ordinances of the 
city are not exceeding fifty cents for each passenger at any 
hour of the day or niuht willdn the city: children, between 
the ages of four and twehe. with an adult, half price, nnder 
four, {'vev : one truid< and two smaller articles allowed to each 
passenger. Herdics or cabs, of which there are a few in the 
city, generally carry passengers at lower prices. Baggage 
wagons, which can always be found at the stations, transport 
baggage at reasonable rates. All carriage and wagon drivers 
are licensed and requirctl to show llieii- number in a con- 
spicuous place. 



142 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

undertakers. 

The licensed undertakers of the city are Ilsley Brothers, 210 
Federal street; Nathaniel W. Morse, 189 Federal street; J. H. 
N. Rand, Peaks Island ; James Wallace, Long Island ; S. S. 
Eich & Son, 106 Exchange street; Dennis Tobin, 241 Federal 
street. 



|^lst:o^iG piaG(^s. 



'Ill"] tnlldw iiiii' ;ift' iiiiKiiiL!' tlio historic places in Pdrtlaiid. 
T\\r -ites of l)uil(liiigs, etc., which are uotaltly coniiei-tod 
with its early history, and the l)ii-tli places or residences ol' 
some (if its distiiiLiui-hcd citi/.ciis. The lire of 18()() iiiatU' sad 
havoc with some of the ohl landmarks. 

( '/rrve unci Tiicler. Near the foot of Hancock street on Fore 
George Cleeve and Richard Tuckei" built the first house in 
1G33. 

Hciin/ JJ . h<»igf(ll<nrs B'ntli-pJnn'. Tlie three story house 
on the coi'uer of Fore and Hancock streets is the birth-place of 
Heiii-y W. J.on,--fellow. horn Feb. 27,1807. 

Stephcnmn Mansion. The old fashioned house No. 137 Fore 
street is the Stephenson Mansion built in 1786. 

Mimjoij (iarrisoit. The northwest corner of Foi"e and Mount- 
fort streets is the site of the Munjoy (Jarrison luiilt in KKiO 
and captured by the Indians in 167G. 

Fhst Mndng Hot/.se. — Fort Burroics. Near the Fortland 
Company "s office on Fore street is the site of the first meeting 
house built in 1G70. In it jjreached the Rev. George Burroughs 
IG 74— 1690. the victim of the Salem witchcraft mania. The 
Portland Company's office is also on the site of Fort Burrows, 
built in the war of isrj-l'). 

Fort Allen. On the Eastern Promenade adjoining house 
No. 53 may be seen the remains of a fortification, Fort Allen, 
built in the war of 1812-15. 

Clccrc and Ti/cJar Mnni/iiunf. On the Eastern Promenade 
at the head of Congress street is the Cleeve and Tucker 
monument erected by Payson Tucker Esc). 



144 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

SohJirrs Graves. On the lower side of the Eastern Promenade, 
a little to the north of Quebec street within a row of stone 
posts are the graves of some of the soldiers of the war of 1812, 
who were captured by the English at the battle of Queenstown 
in 1812 and sent to Boston for exchange. On their way the 
vessel came in here and some of them died in the hospital. 
Their graves were unhonored and unknown till the past year, 
1887, when on memorial day they were for the first time dec- 
orated by the G. A. R. 

Fort. Loyall. The Grand Trunk Railroad station at the foot 
of India street is the former site of Fort Loyall, destroyed by 
the French and Indians May 20, 1690. 

Meeting House. — Court House. On the northwest corner of 
India and Middle streets is the site of the meeting house 
(Parson Smith's), built in 1721 and also of the Court House, 
burnt in 1775. 

Parson. Snutlis House. On Congress street opposite the 
head of India street is the site of the residence of Parson 
Smith, burnt in 1775. 

Alice GreeWs Tavern. The southeast corner of Hampshire 
and Congress streets is the site of the famous Alice Greele's 
tavern of Revolutionary days. 

Ross an.d Ttjiig House. On the southwest corner of Middle 
and Franklin streets is the site of the Ross and Tyng House, 
1755-1866, the residence of Alexander Ross and Col. William 
Tyng. 

Wa.lJo House. Southworth Bros, printing establishment. No. 
105 Middle street, is on the site of the residence of Gen. Samuel 
Waldo who died in 1759. 

Episcopal C/iurc/t. The site of the iirst Episcopal Church, 
St. Pauls, built in 1763, is at the northwest corner of Church 
and Middle streets. 

Commodore Preble. The Casco Bank building, No. 195 Middle 
street is the site of the house where Commodore Preble lived 
and died in 1807. 

Old Rooster. On the apex of the tower of the First 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 14.') 

National I5aiik liiiildiiiii' nn the Mxillicast ('(jruei' ol Middle and 
ExeliaiJU'c streets may be seen the gilded rooster that stood so 
long over the old Court House. This bii'd in l^^ii i-eacdied its 
Centennial anniversary and is now in a good sound condition. 

Mdis/dit Tiirrr/i. The lilock of lu'iek stores ( Hammond 
Bloek ) in Market S(iuare occupies the lot on which Ibrinerly 
stood the Murston Tavern, a famous hostelry before and after 
the Revolution. It was removed in 1833 to State street where 
it now stands remodeled into a block of houses. 

Hume of L(tii<sJ('//('ir. The three story l»rick house, Xo. 487 
Congress street, adjoining the Pi-eble House, built in ITSti was 
the home of Longfellow in his youth and early nu'inhooil. 

Oldest Houses. The oldest house in the city is atXo. 97 York 
street, built in 173^. The one on the northwest corner of 
High and ^'oik streets was built in 1 T4(i. other old houses 
are the Stephenson house, before mentioned; Weeks house, 
formerly at the foot of India, now the Portland house. No. 121 
Green street; Marwick house. No. 44 Spring street, 1784; Mrs. 
Mussey's boarding house, cor. Park and Congress streets, 1784; 
two houses on Bradbury's lane, built in 1784; Longfellow 
house, No. 487 Congress street, before mentioned ; Dyer house, 
No. 15 Commercial street, the former residence of Commodore 
Tielile, liiiilt ill nst); bi'ick house. No. 1(H) Free street; also 
No. 112, cor. Oak. liiiilt in 17!'2: Ciajip house, cor. Elm and 
Congress, built in 1 7!>4. 'i'he fire of 1S6G burnt many of the 
old houses which weic in the lower part of the city. 

Chndwkk House, in the rear of No. -t.">l Congress street, 
formerly stood fronting the street, but was moved to make space 
for the Odd Fellows' flail. It was Imilt by Parson Deane in 
1 "•)."». and was occupied by him at the lime of his death. 1 M 1. 

S(/rgnif S. Fienfiss' hirtli-plnce. Congress Hall, No. 420 
Congress street, occui)ies the site of the house where Sargent 
S. Prentiss was born in 1808, 

Kiliranl Pai/sou. The building on the northeast corner of 
Middle and Franklin sti(>ets is the site of the house (burnt 
18G6) where Rev. Edward Payson lived and died in 1827. 

lo 



146 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Nathanld Parker fVillis. The north part of the Baptist 
church on Wihnot street occupies the kind on which formerly 
stood the house in which Nathaniel P. Willis was born in 1806. 

Fannij Fern (Sarah Payson Willis) was born in 1811 in the 
house (burnt in the fire of 1866) the site of which is No. 72 
Franklin street, near Lincoln Park. 

Joh)/ Neal. His residence and where he died was house No. 
175 State street. 

Prenths Melleii lived and died in house No. 166 State street. 
Wm. P. Fessenden resided in the same house subsequently and 
died there. 

Ether Shepleij and George F. SJtepleij resided at No. 156 
State street. 

WiUinm P. Preble s residence was house No. 51 State street. 

Simon GrfeiiJeaf's home was In the house on the northeast 
corner of Elm and Cumberland streets. Ezekiel Whitman 
occupied the easterly half of the same block. 

WilUnm JVUlis. House No. 81 Free street was his residence, 
and he died there. 

Ashur Ware lived at the time of his death in house No. 101 
Free street. 



^:>^^^>^n 




Portland's Disti9(^ui5l7ed Sor^s ar}d 



^O |)l;ii't' ill oiii" coniiti'v li;is been more honored b}' its 
illu>ti-ious nu'ii and women than Portland. Tn tlie walks 
^ ^ 1)1' literatui-e. a.s lawyers, clergymen, statesmen, authors, 
historians, artists and poets, they have given distinction to it as 
the place of their liirth or snbsequent residence. 

Among those prominent in the early history of the town 
were George Cleeve the first settler, George Munjoy, Edward 
'J'yng and his son Commodore Edward, and grandson Col. 
William Tyng. Capt. Silvanus Davis, the brave defender of 
Fort Loyall. Lt. Thaddeus Clark, Rev. George Burroughs, 
Anthony Brackett, George Bramhall, General Samuel Waldo, 
Moses Pearson. In Revolutionary times we had Gen. Jcdiah 
Preble. Rev. Jolni Wiswall, Dr. Xathaniel Collin. Robert Pagan. 
'riioiiKis Wycr. Phineas Jones, Gen. Peleg Wadswoith. Ivlward 
Picbh' and others. The earliest members of the bar were 
Theupliilus Bradbui-y and David Wyer in 17G2, Theopliilus 
Parsons. 1774. Subse([uently we had ."-^almon Chase, uncle of 
Salmon P. Chase, Stephen Longfellow, Isaac Parker. I>.('kifl 
Whitman. Simon Grecnleaf. Samuel Fessenden. William Willis. 
Prentiss Mellen. William P. Preble. Wm. Pitt Fessenden. 
N\'()()(lhiir\- Store!-. ni'lhiiii\- Storer. AHiiini K. P.iriis. Thomas 
A. n.'i.lois. Charles S. Daveis. Nathan Ciiiroid. \\ O. J. 
Smith. George F. Shei>ley. Edward Fox. .Vmi^mr the promi- 
nent lawyers of to-day arc William L. Pntnam. .lohii Hand, 
Sewall C. Strout, Joseph W. Symouds. Charles F. Lil»by. Josiah 
H. Drnnnnond. Nathan and Henrv B. Cleaves. William H. 



148 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Clifford, Almon A. Stroiit, Wilbur F. Lunt, Clarence Hale, 
Henry W. Swasey. 

Of orators and statesmen Portland claims Sargent S. Prentiss, 
the distinguished orator of the South; "William P. Fessenden, 
Senator, and Secretary of the Treasury ; John Appleton, 
Minister to Russia; Thomas B. Reed, now prominent in the 
Councils of the nation; William W. Thomas, Jr., ex-minister to 
Sweden. 

In literature we have the names, native born, of Samuel 
Freeman, Charles S. Daveis, John Neal, Nathaniel P. Willis, 
Sarah Payson '\^'illis, (Fanny Fern), Henry W. Longfellow, 
Nathaniel Deering, Bishop Horatio Southgate, William Cutter, 
D. Humphrey Storer, James Brooks, Erastus Brooks, Prof. 
Henry B. Smith, Louisa Payson Hopkins, George Payson, 
Samuel Longfellow, Isaac McLellan, Elizabeth Payson Prentiss, 
Sylvester B. Beckett, Daniel C. Colesworthy, Elijah Kellogg, 
Charles P. Ilsley, Wm. Law Symonds, Rev. Joseph H. Ingraham, 
Mrs. L. D. M. Sweat, Clara Barnes Martin, Dr. Charles E. 
Banks, Mrs. Mary P. Sherwood, Margaret E. Jordan, William 
M. Sargent, Eliza S. True, Wm. Freeman, George W. Light, 
Edward H. Thomas, Edward R. I'lace, Chas. H. Porter, 
Harriet Winslow^ Sewall, George A. Bailey, Lewis Dela, Mary 
Bartel, Ellen Fessenden Lincoln, Stephen Berry, Charles W. 
Goddard, Abba Goold Woolson, Margaret A. Bolles, John D. 
Williams, Edward A. Joi'dan, Mrs. Elizabeth Cavazza, Marcia 
D. B. Jordan. Walter L. Sawyer, Mrs. E. P. Thwing and 
others. 

Residents, not natives : Rev. Samuel Deaue, Thomas B. 
Wait, Edward Payson, Daniel George, Daniel Davis, Rev. 
Ichabod Nichols, Rev. William T. Dwight, Henry A. iS. Dear- 
born, Rev. John W. Chickering, Rev. Jason Whitman, Dr. Isaac 
Ray, Mrs. Ann S. W. Stephens, Edward P. Weston, Ashur 
Ware, William B. Sewall, Dr. J. W. Mighells, Asa Cummings, 
William Willis, Seba Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Oakes Smith, Rev. 
Cyrus A. Bartol, Frederick and Grenville Mellen, Francis 
Springer, Charles Holden, Nathaniel H. Carter, Walter Wells, 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 149 

William (loold. i'hiiicas Barnes. Mrs. Elizabeth Akors Alleu, 
Robert Rexdalc of tin' Siiinlay Tiincs. Caroline K. I>. Howe, 
Edward S. Osgood. Henry Goddard, Rev. Charles Jenkins, 
Bishoj) Perry. Bisliojt Alex. Burgess, Josiah Pierce. Rev. Chas. 
Soult'. Iia llrrry. .lames W. Miller, Rev. E. P. 'I'liwing. James 
P. Baxter, Rev. Henry M. IJuri-agc, l^ev. Henry M. King. Isaac 
Cobb. S. M. Watson, ^frs. H. E. Arnold, Wni. A. Goodwin and 
others. 

In painting we have Codnian, Coles, Prior, Tilton. Mellen, 
Han-is. Colenian. Kind>all, Brown, Murray. Cloudnian. 

In sculpture, Paul and Charles Akers, .Sitnnion.s, Thaxter. 



(For miiny of the names funiishcd in the ahove list tlie editor is indebted to the new pnb- 
riciition, "Poets of Maine," compiled by George B. GrlfUn ) 






Extracts from Old fleuy3pap(^r3. 



S an interesting feature of this work I have compiled 
from some of the papers of the clay, some brief jottings 
M i' of events at the dates specified. 

1792. Persons licensed to keep tavern and retail spiritous 
liquors. Portland : Alice Greele ; Ebenezer Davis, sign of the 
Light Horse, Free street; Abraham Stevens; John Rudberg. 

The subject of the separation of Maine from Massachusetts 
was in 1792 presented in the Massachusetts Legislature. The 
vote in Maine was taken on the first Monday of May 1792, 
and defeated. Yeas 2,074, nays 2,524. 

Regimental muster held in Sept. 1792. Col. Cobb's Regi- 
ment of military at Bramhall Hill, then marched to Munjoy 
Hill. Dinner to the officers, etc., at Capt. Davis' on Free 
street. Artillery company lately formed paraded, commanded 
by Capt. Weeks. 

October 8, 1792 Josiali Paine advertised to ride post, convey 
newspapers, etc., from Portland to Berwick. Leave Portland 
on Monday reaching Berwick on Tuesday evening. Post rider 
to Hallo well in 1792 advertised. 

Dec. 10, 1792. At the U. S. District Court which was 
opened in this town on Tuesday last, judgment -was rendered 
against the defendants in the action, May vs. Skinner and others, 
for being concerned in the slave trade, according to a special 
verdict found at the last June term. The jury had found the 
defendants guilty of importing thirteen slaves. For the first 
of these offenses they were fined X200, and for importing the 
slaves =£50 each, the whole amounting to =£850, one-half the 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 151 

Slim to be jiaid to the prost'cutor and oin'-luilt' ti> the coiiiinon- 
wealth. 

Friday. Fcliniarv 22. ITH.S. The biitliday of Washington 
was cclehrated l>y u meeting at Citizen 'I'honias Motley's, the 
sign of the Free Mason's Arms, where was displayed the flag of 
the U. >S. Citizen Nathaniel F. Fosdick presided. 

July 4. 1"!*.'). Celebration. Procession. Escort. Portland 
Aitillory. Capt. L. Weeks, tirst com))any of artillery organized 
in Maine. Oi'ation by \h\ Deane. Dinner at Motley's tavern. 

July '.\0. IT'.l.'l. A town meeting was held, Cajit. Nathaniel 
DeeriiiLi'. Chairman : S. Wahh). Secretary. Voted to preserve 
neutrality in the jiresent Furopean war. etc. 

()ct. 12. I T'.'o. Tlionms Cummings advertises goods, etc. 
foi' sale at \\\< store on State Street. (It was then King street. 
At I hat lime the name King was odious. The name State was 
continued for some years.) 

(>et. IT!*;'). Oil the news of the death of John Hancock 
iieing received, the colors of all vessels were placed at half 
mast and the bells tolled. 

Oct. \x, ITIb"). A meeting of gentlemen was held at the 
Court House in reference to the separation of Maine from 
^fassaehusetts and a committee appointed, etc. 

Stage IVom Porthind to Wiscasset advertised Decemlier 7, 
1 ~!b"b Leave Porthind on ^londay at 7 o'clock a. m.. ami 
aiii\e at Wiscasset 'rucs<hiy at I o'ldock ]>. m. 

17!I4. Great excitement on account of the einliaruo. 

.Iune21. 171*4. The "-onveiition in fa\or of reparation met 
and adjouiiied to second Tuestlay of October, 17'.'4. 

July 4. 1 7i>4. Celeliration by citizens. Procession escorted 
by the Artillery Co. hiiiiieiat .MoHey's. 

July 12. 17'.I4. Proposals for mails: To leave Portsmouth 
Tuesdays and Fridays at 1 oChick p. m.. arri\e in Portland 
Wednesdays and Saturdays at (1 o'cjociv ]». m. : to leave Port- 
land every Monday at (i o'clock a. m.. arrive at Wisca.s.set 
Tuesflay at noon; to leave Portland Mcuiday at (• o'clock a. m.. 
arrive at Pittston Tuesdav eveninir at (i oVlock. 



152 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

July 19, 179-4:. Arrived here Col. Rochefontaiiie, the engineer 
dispatched by the President of the United States for the 
purpose of laying out fortifications. 

July 23, 1794. An 18 pounder being proved by the engineer 
Mr. Rochefontaine at Fort Sumner burst and Capt. Andres 
Zelisbedt, a Swede, was killed and Mr. Jere Colljy wounded. 

August 21, 1794. Died at Stroudwater, Capt. Greorge Tate, 
aged 94. He was born in England in 1700 and was a seaman 
on board the first frigate ever built in Russia in the reign of 
Peter the Great. 

Oct. 13, 1794. Advertisements of new Theatre (first ever 
here) on State (King) street. Coffin lot. 

Jan. 1, 179.5. New Hue of stages leaves Boston Monday and 
Thursday mornings, arrives at Portland Wednesday and Satur- 
day, \). m. 

Jan 19, 1795. Columbian Tavern, opposite the jail, Caleb 
Graffam. 

Statistics, March 1, 1794 to March 1, 1795. Deaths 46; 
births 70 ; marriages 30. 

Rev. Thonuis Smith died, was buried May 30, 1795. 

July 4, 1795. Celel)ration l)y a procession which started 
from the Columbian Tavern. Oration at Dr. Deane's meeting 
house by Rev. E. Kellogg. 

August 3, 1795. Advertisement of a beautiful African Lion 
on exhibition at Mr. Motley's tavern on Main street. Admit- 
tance, 9d. 

Sept. 23, 179(5. A meeting of Portland Marine Society held 
at Mason's Arms Tavern. 

Oct. 15, 179(i. Citizen Peter Gabriel Due and his wife 
applied to a notary for a certificate, etc., as to residence in the 
commonwealth. 

May 13, 1797. It is said a new jail is now building in 
this town. It is situated on Back street near the County 
House. The materials are stone and lime. It is to be two 
stories high and to l)e completed as soon as is possible. 

May 23, 1797. The hospital for the small pox on Brimhall's 



hull's HAXD-BOOK of PORTLAND. 1 o3 

Hill will lie ()|icii to r(M'(Mvo imticnls tlic tir-t wt-ck in .liiiic 
Tcniis (if ;Hliiii--i<Mi iii;i\ 1m' kiiowii liv ;i|i]tlyiii'^- in Drs. (.'olliii. 
Tlioiiiiis and l^i'\iii'^'. 

Oct. .■)(). IT'.'". The Ai'lillriT Co. ol' llii> luwu have vnliiu- 
tarily olVeivil tlu'iiiselve.s as a part of the 80.000 requisition 
men. 

Pi'esident'.s message delivered Oct. 17. 1803, was received in 
Porthmd Oct. 28. 

Nov. 10, 1803, St. Pauls climrli opened. 

Dec. 23, 1803. Portland Marine Society meetinji; at Beeman's 
Hall, Fore Street. T. M. Prentiss, instructor of the Union 
School, Jan. 20, 1804. 

Fel). 17, 1804. Legislature of Vermont granted a turn|)ike 
from Lake Champlain through the four northern counties in 
the state to Connecticut river in the most convenient direction 
for Portland. 170 miles, called the Xorthern 'rm-n|)ike Co. 

April 6, 1804. Vote in Portland for Governor; Sullivan 
loi), Strong 406. 

June 21, 1804. Standard presented to the Portland Liuhl 
Infanti'y Co.. Ensign, Levi IJradish. Miss Nabliy Deane 
made the presentation, received by Edward Capen. Ball in 
the evening at Mechanic's Hall, Fore street. 

Wednesday, July 4, 1804. Celebration. Salutes from Fort 
Sumner and the Artillery Co. Dinner at Mechanics Hall. Fore 
street. 

Theati'ical ('oini)anyat Cnioii Hall. July !'••. 1>"I. 

Aug. 30. 1804. A ehuivli bell weighing 1800 Hts.. was 
brought from Liverpool by Capt. .laineson for the First Parish 
(Dr. Dean's.) During the year the Episcopal church was 
linished and the old church repaired foi- the nse of the 
Methodists. 

Militia 1804. The town was ilivided into six wards, eaeli ol 
which is to furnish a company independent of the Artillery and 
Infantry Cos. 

Nov. 1, 1S04. Calvin Day sold out his interest in the Eastern 
Argus to Nathaniel Willis, Jr. 



154 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Nov. 23, 1804. The subscribers to tlie Mechanic Assembly 
to meet at the Bunch of Grapes Tavern, Tuesday evening at 
6 o'clock. 

Statistics 1804. Deaths in Portland, 135; marriages, 90; 
births, 150. 

Feb. 1, 1805. Ballad published on the death of Lieuts. 
Somers and Wadsworth. 

March 1, 1805. Prospectus of Portland Magazine by Wm. 
Jenks and Arthur Shirley. 

April 19, 1805. A dinner given at Columbian Hall to 
Commodore Preble. Hon. Woodbury Storer, President ; Hon. 
Isaac Parker, Ebenezer Mayo, James D. Hopkins, Vice Pi'esi- 
dents. 

July 4, 1805. Celebration. Procession from Dr. Coffins 
Hall, King street, escort, Portland Light Infantry, to Dr. 
Deane's meeting house. Oration by Rev. Joshua Taylor. 
Dinner at Concert Hall. David Bradish, President : Isaac 
Ilsley, Capt. Levi Bradish, Capt. Robert llsley, Vice Presi- 
dents. Salutes from Fort Sumner. 

Oct. 18, 1805. Military review took place on Fort Hill 
(Munjoy.) Entertainment at Union Hall, non-commissioned 
officers at Portland Coffee House. 

Nov. 1, 1805. Maine Fire & Marine Ins. Co. began business. 

Nov. 10, 1805. A card from N. Willis, editor of the Argus 
headed Persecution. 

Jan. 10, 1806. Andrew Hanson confined in jail for nine 
months. 

Jan. 24, 1806. Salmon Chase advertisement. 

Statistics: During the year 1805 there were 111 marriages, 
157 deaths. 

Feb. 7, 1806. Edward Howe published a certificate from 
the Massachusetts Mechanic Association of his ability as a 
workman. 

Feb. 21, 1806. New line of stages from Boston to Portland 
in two days. Books kept at the Portland Coffee House by 
Thomas Peck. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. loO 

March 'il. ISOG. Taltcr's hills i-cfuscd l,y ilio Maine Hank. 
John Tal)cr A- Smi replied that they hail nifl thfii- imic- and 
expected to do so. 

Juue 26, 180(). lioiul) Ketch Etna built here. 

July 10, 1806. Salmon Chase and Barrett Potter lornicd a 
partnership. 

July 4. 1S06. ^^alnte from Fort Sumner. Procession formed 
at Concert Hall, escorted by Portland Light Infantry. ('aj»t. 
Bi-adish. Oration at Dr. Deane's meeting house. ( (ration l»y 
Eben French. Dinner at Concert Hall. Federal procession 
formed at Union Hall, escorted by the Artillery Company to 
Mr. Kellogg's meeting house. Oration by Edward Payson. 
IMnncr at Mr. Cobb's. 

Auu'. >^. l.^^On. Died. Saliudii Chase (uncle of Salmon P.). 
aged 4.'). A gentleman uidvei'sally esteemed and hi- -ndilen 
exit is lamented. His remains were on Mon(hiy entomlied. 
attended by a large number of respectable citizens and 
]»i-eceeded by the students of Portland Academy, the officers of 
Maine Bank and the Fire Society of which he was a member. 

Sept. 15, 1806. Regimental i-eview was held of First 
Begiment near Fort Sunnier. One ti'oop of cavalry, twelve 
companies of infantry, one conijtany of artillery under conmumd 
of Lt. Col. Merrill, marched throUL;h the streets. 

Jan. 20. 1S07. Legislature autliori/ed tlie formation of two 
military companies, ^^echanic Blues and Portland Patriots. 

March 2o, 1S()7. Xathaidel Willi-. edii,,i- oftlie Argus, set 
at llbei'tN al'tei' lieinLi" coidined in jail one hundi-eij days. 

April 16, 1S()7. John Taber A Songavc notice of their failure. 

May 28. ISOT. Mechanic Blues organized. Martin Nichols 
Capt.: .lolin W. Smith, Lieut.; George Lovis. Ensign. Stroud- 
wattM- Liuht Infantry elected Charles Pierce, Ensign. 

June 1, ls<>7. At a rejoicing in favor of the general election, 
a cannon being discharged on Fort Hill, a premature explosion 
took ]ilace and thi-ee men, .bdin I)a\is i who died). Fphraim 
Rich and Dbadiah Sawyer were injuied. .V sul>scrij)tion was 
opened for their bcnelit. 



156 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

July 4, 1807. Celebration. Procession formed at Union 
Hall, marched to Dr. Deane's meeting house escorted by Port- 
land Liglit Infantry and Mechanic Blues. Oration by Daniel 
W. Lincoln. Dinner at Union Hall. 

July 16, 1807. Shipwreck of the schooner Charles with 23 
persons, on Cape Elizabeth near Richmond's Island. Three, 
viz : Sidney Thaxter, Mr. Cook, Mr. Monie swam ashore and 
were saved, all the others were lost. 

Aug, 6, 1807. A draft had of 195 men from Col. Merrill's 
Regiment. 

Aug. 25, 1807. Death of Com. Preble. Funeral Aug. 30. 

Deaths during the year 1807 in Portland 193. 

March 17, 1808. H. A. S. Dearborn, Captain Second 
Artillery Company. 

Company of sea fencibles to do military duty at Fort Sumner 
organized, Daniel Tucker. Capt. ; John L. Lewis, Thomas 
Burnham, John Wildrage, Lieuts. 

July -1, 1808. Federal salute from Capt. Dearborn's company 
of Artillery. Procession formed at Concert Hall, Capt. Robert 
Ilsley, Lieut. Willis, Ensign Gallishan, Marshals, Escort, Light 
Infantry, Capt. Bradish ; proceeded to First Parish meeting 
house. Prayer by Rev. Joel Winch. Reading the Declaration 
of Independence by D. W. Lincoln. Oration by H. A. S. 
Dearborn. Dinner at Concert Hall on Fore street, Wra. Wid- 
gery and Isaac Ilsley presiding. 

July 21, 1808. Execution of Drew for murder. 

Aug. 15, 1808. Town Meeting to petition the President to 
suspend the embargo laws, etc. 

Oct. 6, 1808. Nathaniel Willis sold out his interest in the 
Argus to his partner Francis Douglass. 

Nov. 10, 1808. Election for member of Congress. Vote 
of Portland, Ilsley, Rep. 220; Whitman, Fed. 536. 

June 10, 1809. The i^estoration of commercial intercourse 
with Great Britain was celebrated by the Republicans. At 12 
o'clock a procession was formed at Union Hall and escorted by 
the Portland Light Infantry under command of Capt. Francis 



hull's HANH-HooK of PORTLAND. 1 .' 7 

Osuood lo the Third Parish iiici'tin.u' hoii.-c An adili-css was 
delivered l)y I)aiiiel Waldo Lincoln. Hinner at Tnion Ilall. 

July 4. 1S()9. Celebration. Salutes IVoni Fort Prel.le. J'ro- 
eession escorted. 1)V Meehau'c T>lues. to Thiid Pai'isli meeting; 
house. Address liy Win. \Vi(lL;(M-y. I>innei-at I'liioii Ilall. 

Dee. 14, 1809. Account ol'thc re-captun' of the IJriu' lleiiry. 
Capt S. R. McLelhin. from a French Privateer, Nov. .j, ISO!). 

Dec. 31, 1809. Shippino- in Portland 32,007 47-95 tons. 

.Ma\- 7. I>^10. Tiie name of Fish street cliaiiu'ed to lv\clian<re 
street. 

Census of Cunilterland county: pojjulation ISOO^ o7,918; 
1810,42,831. 

April 11. ISll. N. F. Fosdick former collector was impris- 
oned for debt due United States, and discharired by act of 
Congress in certain cases. 

July 4. IS 11. Republican procession I'loni Mechanic's 
PTall. Escort, ^lechanic iJlues, Light Infantry and Artillery, to 
First Parish. Oration by Col. John D. Learned. Dinner at 
.Mechanic's Ilall. 

July 23, IS] 2. William Widgei'y nioiibed in I'oston. 

Deaths in Portland 1M2, 11;;. 

Aug. IS 1.1. hinnerto Com. Bainbridge, at Ibirnhanrs Hotel. 

Fel). 15, 1815.. News of peace three days from Washington 
to Portland, lioston to Poitlaiid in ]'.\ hours. Town illumi- 
nated. 

.Inly 19. 1S15. North school house on corner of King and 
Middle streets sold at auction. 

Sept. 27. 1S15. Notice of death ol" Lieut. Kervin Watei's. 
Funeral IVoni the lnuise of Daniel Drown, Ring street. Sub- 
scription ibr a monument. 

Statistics: Deaths. ISi;]. 148; 1S14. 92: 1.^15. Ill : I^k;, 
no. 

July 1S17. \'i-it ol" Pi-e-ident Muni-oe. 

.Vug. 15, 1^17. St. Paul's church was consecrated by Bishop 
Oriswold. Rev. Mr. Olney and Rev. ^Tr. Burroudis of Ports- 
mouth assisted. 



158 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

July 4, 1818. Colebration at L. Moody's by a company of 
young gentlemen. Address by John Anderson, Esq. Aug. 1. 
Robbery of Cumberland Bank. 

April 20, 1819. Iron Foundry established at foot of Iving 
street. 

May 26, 1819. Rev. R. S. Tenbroeck installed as Rector 
of St. Paul's church. Rev. Mr. Olney and Rev. Mr. Morse of 
Newburyport officiated. 

July 3, 1819. Boat Enterprise advertised to run as an 
Island Packet four times a day. 

March 2, 1820. The contributions by the people of Port- 
land to the sufferers by fire at Savannah amounted to $723.28. 

April 6, 1824. Joseph Libby Principal of the Latin Gram- 
mar School. 

April 13, 1824. Steaml)oat line advertised to Augusta, Bath, 
Portland and Boston. 

Sept. 1, 1825. Public schools in Portland, 9 ; scholars, 1,038. 

May 13, 1828. Appeal from the Catholics for help to build 
a chapel on State street, by John Conner, Dennis McCarthy, 
John Crease. 

May 20, 1828. Theatre on Preble street. 

May 23, 1828. Fire Protective Society organized. 

December, 1828. Exchange Coffee House, Fore street, 
opened. 



U/a!l(3 ai^d Driue3 ^bout porUa^d, 



'HE center of llio luisiiiess portion of the city is about at 
Market S([uarc. and from tlioro visitors cun in carriages or 
on foot be<rin a drive or walk alioiit town to obtain views 
of the city's public buildings, private residences and places of 
historic interest. If the visitor is stopping at the Preble House 
or the I'nited States Hotel, he will tind himself on stepping out 
doors, ill Market S(|uare. 11" he stops at the l"\iliiioiith or Mer- 
chants" Ivxeiiange, he is but a short distance Irom the S(|uai'e. 

All the horse car lines of the city pass through or start from 
Market Square. Tlie Deering horse cars start at the head of 
Preble street at the corner of the Preble House. The Congress 
street cars, painted green, run between the Congress street 
station and Munjoy Hill. The S])ring street cars, painted blue, 
run between the steamers, Gi-aiid Triiiik IJaih'oad station and 
Vaughan street. 

Proceeding down Middh^ street, one ol the j)rincipal business 
streets of the city, both sides of which are lined with substantial 
stores liiiilt iiiostl\- aftei' the (ire of 1860. we come to its junc- 
tion with Free sli'eet. The lower (Mid of Free street, where it 
joins Middle street, contains many tine stores. 

The first liiiihliii'^- of iniportanee is the Falmouth ib)iel. 
between Plum and I'liion streets. jire\ioiisly descril>cd. (Sec 
]iage i>4.) ()i)i)osite i.- a |>hiiii block ot" lirick buildings, in tlie 
wall a marble slab, on which is the following : "Homestead of 
Benjamin Mussey. A. lb ITI'i. Mussey's Row. begun by his 
son John ^lussey in 1 TlH' — -completed in ISOl. Partially 
burnt and rebuilt by him in I>1."». Partially burnt and rebuilt 



160 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

ill 1852 by his son John Miissey. Wholly burnt and rebuilt in 
1856 by the same. Wholly burnt in the great hre of July 4 
and 5, 1866, and rebuilt l)y the same.""^ 

Opposite the i-almouth, up Temple street, is the Merchants' 
Exchange Hotel and on the corner of Middle and Plum streets 
is the St. Julian Hotel, of which hotels previous mention has 
l)een made. Opposite the head of Plum street is the fine granite 
front of the Casco Bank buikling. formerly the site of the old 
"Sun Tavern," afterwards the "Casco House* and the residence 
of Commodore Edward Preble, and where he died in 1807. 

A few steps brings us to Exchange street. The fine mar- 
ble building on the northeast corner is the Post Office and Uni- 
ted States Court room. There formerly stood here before the 
fire of 1866 a substantial granite building which was so injured 
in that fire that it had to be taken down and the present tine 
structure erected in its place. On this spot formerly stood a 
granite building called the Portland Exchange, built in 1839 
and sold to the United States and destroyed by fire in 1854. 
The Exchange Hall in this building was in the forties a great 
place for political gatherings. Sargent S. Prentiss there elec- 
trified his former townsmen l)y his oratory; Daniel Webster 
took part in a trial held there ; John Quincy Adams and James 
K. Polk had receptions there. On the opposite, or southeast 
corner is the elegant building owned and occupied by the First 
National Bank. On the adjoining corner lived at the time of 
the Revolution, Rev. John Wiswall, the Rector of St Paul's 
Church. Ijcing a loyalist he left town. His descendants are 
now residing in Nova Scotia. Below Exchange on Middle are 
large wholesale houses engaged in the Dry Goods, Boot and 
Shoe, Hardware, Druggist and Furniture trade. On the north- 
west corner of Pearl and Middle streets, now occupied by the 
Emery & Waterhouse block, formerly stood the mansion of 
Mathew P. Sawyer. Afterwards John M. Wood owned and 
occupied it. This fine house and its gardens extending up Pearl 
street was one of the attractions of the town sixty years since. 



*The owner of this block and the last of the name died in 18S6, aged 95 years. 



HUI-LS HAND-BOOK OF I'ORTI.AN It. 1 (1 1 

Tlic house \v;i< lniilt in I "Ntl liy .loliu Kent and \v;is lniint in 
18()(). ( >n the southeast conici- ol" M iihUc and Tcail I'oiiiM'rlv 
lived Theophilus r)iadliiii\ . a di^tiimuisheil hiwycr. who moved 
to Miissachus(.'tts in ITIMi and was a nicnilier {)[' ('ougrcss iVoiu 
the Essex district. 

Pearl street is a wide avenue crossing' the city fioni water to 
water. It was laid out after the lire on the lines of Willow 
and Pearl sticets. and uiih'iicd. rp Pearl street, near the 
northerly end of Wdodnian A: True's stoi'e. stood St. Stephen's, 
foiMuerly St. Paid's. chui'ch. Imi'iit in the fii'c of ISGG. On 
the cornel' of Church .-treet, a little lielow, was the old St. 
Paul's church, built after the Revolution and moved away in 
1804, Avhen it l)ocamc the lirst }>[. E. (dnircli in Portland. On 
the southeast corner of Deer street was the Second Parish. Dr. 
Payson's, chui'ch. (ipposite was the old Samuel Freeman 
mansion. Below on the same side were the residences of Gen. 
Waldo and Thomas Child a Custom House oHieer and post- 
master l)efore the Revolution, the only ollicial who adhered to 
the popular cause. On the southwest corner of Middle and 
Franklin streets stood the old Ross or Tynu' mansion, which 
escaped the fire of 177o to be destroyed in that of 18(i(). Here 
Wm. Tynjr. sheritl' at the time of the Revolution, was moV)liedl)y 
the |)atriotic party? In this house in l~<i(l .lohn Fleet and 
Alhm McLean were accidentally killcih both bom the same 
yi'ar. 'i'lu'y rest together in Eastein Ccmeteiy. Directly ojjjio- 
site stood the house in which Rev. Dr. Payson lived and died. 

We now come to where Hampshire street crosses Middle. 
This is the lowest depression of any part of the city's surface. 
It has been trraded u|i. as formerly a stream ran u|i from Clay 
Cove. This part of the city is the Jew's (juarter. man\' families 
of that faith le-idimr about here. There is also a small Jewish 
Synagogue in the vicinity. We soon come to India street, a 
broad avenue, in former times called Broad and King street. 
On the northwest corner the first meeting house of the First 
Parish stood. At the time of the Pevolution the Court House 
and Engine House stood here, and on the op}»osite corner was 

II 



162 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

the Custom House. They all were destroyed in 1775. King 
street ])revious and sul)8e(|uent to the Revolution was the 
fashionable quarter of the town. It had many hue residences 
occupied Ity the W(-eks, Tucker, Coffin and other families of 
the blue ]»lood of those days. The fire of 1866 destroyed 
nearly all of iheni. and the street is now re-built with a different 
class of building's. We have now come to the corner of Fore 
and India streets. 

Another walk to this spot nuiy be made from the corner of 
Exchange and Middle streets. Passing down Exchange street 
•below Middle, through Moulton to Commercial, we find Exchange 
street is the street of banks, brokers, booksellers, insurance 
agents and lawyers' offices. It luis all been re-built since the 
fire of 1866. 

Commercial street is the main artery of the city for i-ail- 
road ti-affic. (See page 25.) The first building of any im- 
portance is tlie massive Custom House, one of the finest in 
the country, Ijuilt after the fire. It is constructed of granite 
and is of fine architectural proportions. Opposite is Custom 
House wharf where most of the island steamers start. The 
next wharf to the east is occu()ied by Randall & McAllister's 
extensive coal pockets. They are the largest dealers in coal 
in the city. A little below on Commercial street is Franklin 
wharf where are located the Boston steamers, the New York 
line and steamers for Boothbay, Kennebec river, etc. Opposite 
the Gait Block on Commercial street is the old Dyer mansion, 
the former site of the house where Commodore Preble was 
born. 

We now come to the wharves, elevator, etc., occupied by the 
Grand Trunk Railroad Company. It has the most spacious 
accommodations of any railroad in the country. The water 
front reaches from the foot of India street to Fish Point, a dis- 
tance of three-fourths of a mile, contains twenty acres and is 
occupied liy wharves, passenger station, freight houses, coal 
sheds, etc. In the winter season it is a busy place. Some- 
times four lar^-e ocean steamers are at the wharves at one 



HULr/S HAND-BOOK OP PORTI.AXD. 163 

time receivinL>- and disrhai'u'iug cargoes. The Grand Trunk 
Railroad passenger station is a substantial luiilding of brick 
at the foot of India street. 

We are now on liistoric gi'ound. On tlic noi-thwcst corner 
of Commercial and India streets (now the International House) 
was the former residence of Capt. Edward Tyng, the commander 
of Fort Loyall in 1680. Opposite, near the Grand Trunk 
Passenger station on the top of a h\ni\\ nigh to the sea, was 
Fort Loyall. It was taken by the French and Indians in 
May, 1GJ)U, and most of the inmates cruelly murdered. (See 
page 7.) 

At the corner of Fore and India streets, Avhere route Xo. 2 
becomes merged into route Xo. 1, we leave India street and a 
few steps bring us to Hancock street, on the northeast corner 
of which stands the old fashioned, square, wooden mansion in 
which Henry W. Longfellow was born, February 27, 1807. In 
former days the sea came up to the southerly edge of the street 
on which this house is situated. A sandy beach open to the 
harbor stretched along its front. This in our boyhood days 
"was a favorite bathing resort, and on Sundays was the scene of 
the l;)aptismal rite in the presence of numerous spectators. 
NoAv all this space has been fdled in by the made land of the 
Grand Trunk Railroad. 

Near the corner of Hancock and Fore streets was the site of 
the house of George Cleeve and Richard Tucker, our first 
settlers, who came here in 1633. X'cxt eastward of the Long- 
fellow house are the extensive boiling works of the Eagle 
Sugar Refining Co., where cargoes of molasses are in a short 
time converted into a coarse grade of sugar. George S. Hunt 
& Co. are the ])roprietors. Next eastward is an old fashioned 
house which will attract the attention of the visitor. This is 
the Stephenson mansion, built in 1784 by a rich merchant who 
afterwards died in Goihani. In its day it was a fine old house. 
The intei"ior has some fine wood work (\ii-ving of the style of 
one hundred years ago. It has now degenerated into an ordinary 
tenement house. Xext we come to Mountfort street, named for 



164 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

one of the old families in town who for many years have lived 
on the northeast corner. On the southwest corner stood, in 
1676, the garrison house of George Munjoy, which was destroyed 
l)y the Indians in that year. The occupants escaped in the 
night to Cushings Island. 

A short distance below on the lower side of the street is one 
of the principal industries of Portland, the Portland Company's 
works. (See page 132.) These buildings occupy the site of 
Fort Burrows, a fortification built in the war of 1812. Also 
near here was the first meeting house built, where the famous 
Rev. George Burroughs preached at different times from 1676 
to 1689. 

We are now at the foot of what is known as Munjoy Hill, 
a conspicuous topographical feature of Portland. It is now an 
important part of our city's territory, nearly covered with 
houses, the comfortable homes of our business and industrial 
classes. Proceeding slowly up the hill we catch glimpses of 
beautiful views of island and water scenery, and when at the 
top, at the corner of the promenade, there stretches out before 
the eye a scene which for beauty and loveliness has no 
counter-part in the world. Every traveler avIio has visited 
Portland and written concerning it, speaks with admi]-ation of 
the beautiful view from this part of the hill. It was a favorite 
walk of Longfellow. In his diary in 1840 he says "This Port- 
land is a beautiful place. The view from the eastern liill is 
particularly fine. There ought to be a summer hotel built 
there." 

At the water edge below the IdufiF are the Victoria wharves, 
built for the use of the expected steamer Great Eastern, 
She, however, never came here, and they are now used as coal 
wharves. From there the Prince of Wales took his departure 
from Portland in October 1860, and was in a barge conveyed 
to the fleet when "amid the belching guns of the ships of the 
navy the future sovereign of England's mighty empire sailed 
away." At this place on the Promenade, adjoining the fine 
residence of D. B. Bicker, may be seen the ruins of an old 



hull's IIAXD-BOOK op PORTLAND. 165 

earth-work whicli was hiiilt in tlie war of 1812 to defend the 
town. On the right the solid fortress of Fort Gorges rises 
from the water with Diamond, Peaks and a cluster of other 
islands beyond, and outside of all the deep l)hie ocean. Passing 
alonu' we see farther down the l»ay ('hdioague Ishuid and its 
church spires. 

At the junction of Congress street and the Promenade is the 
fine granite monument erected to the memory of our first 
settlers, George Cleeve and Richard Tucker, by Payson Tucker 
Esq., a descendant. Farther on we have a fine view of Mack- 
worth's Island and the new sununer cottage of James P. Baxter, 
tlie ^Marine ITosj)ital at the mouth ol' Prcsnmpscot river, and 
Falmouth l^'oresiih' with its white cottages stretching away in 
the distance. 

As we pass on the vilhigc of East Deering with its deserted 
ship yards ai)pears. Along the watei- side we also see Indian 
Cove (see ])age ITj and the Grand Trunk Pailroad bridge. 
Ascending the promenade we come to North street, and here 
the view turns to the west and a vision of enchanting scenery 
is beheld. Across Back Cove to the oj)posite shores of Deering 
with the fair fields and vilhiges beyond, the land swelling in 
the distance to forest chid hills, and on a clear day, the White 
Mountain i-anges, with siiiiniiit peak of .Mount Washington in 
the distance, may cleaily be seen. As we pass along Xorth 
street, whicii is the hiu'liest part of ^[uujoy Hill, we obtain at 
the v\'j:\\\ glinipst's of tlic hills in tlic western jiart of Maine 
and New Hampshire, Bramhairs Hill and tin' Miiim- General 
Hospital, a ])rominent feature in the landscaj»e. The brick 
school house on the right is named the Shailer School after 
one of Portland's formei- pi-oniim-nt clergymen. 

At the head of Xorth street on Congress we come to the 
Observatory, 

"And calmly looking down 

In faithful vigil stands the broad red tower."" 

This red shingled tower was built in ISO" as a lookout for 
signaling vessels a[)proaching the harbor. The view from it 



166 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

is very extensive, taking in the coast fi'om Wood Island at the 
mouth of Saco river to Seguin oii" the Kennebec, the inland 
view extending to the White Mountains and other ranges in 
N. H. A fine telescope gives the visitor an opportunity to 
obtain a a;ood view of the surrounding scenerv. From this 
tower was seen "the sea fight far away" the battle between the 
Boxer and Enterprise in 1813, and in 1863 the burning and 
bloAving up of the Revenue Cutter Calelj Cusliing, which had 
been captured l)y the rebels from our harbor and Avas destroyed 
oft" the Green Islands. In 1818 President Monroe visited this 
tower. (See page 14.) Xear here in 1690 the brave Lieut. 
Clark and his company were led into an ambush and killed by 
the Indians. Within 40 years the hill fronting this Observatory 
has been graded down to a level with Congress street. It was 
formerly a plain fronting the Observatory. Hero in 1717 in a 
spacious tent Gov. Dummer made a treaty with the Indians 
who came here in great parade under French colors, and it was 
here that in 1775 John Adams uttered those memorable words, 
•'Live or die, sink or swim, survive or perish with my country," 
etc. The open space fronting the Observatory was the muster 
ground for military parades and where ginger beer and egg-nog 
were dispensed to the thirsty multitude. On the east adjoining 
the Observatory is the Congress street M. E. church. (See 
page 110.) 

Descending Congress street we come to the Eastern Cemetery 
at the corner of Congress and Mountfort streets. This is the 
oldest burial gi-ound in town and has been used as such for two 
hundred and fifty years. It is an elevated site looking down 
on the city and away to the Atlantic ocean. The graves are 
crowded together and interspersed with old fashioned grave 
stones and marble monuments. It is well worthy the visit of a 
stranger. The oldest stone that is legible is to the memory of 
Mary Green, 1717. The principal attractions are the Com- 
modore Preble tomb ; the monuments erected to the memory of 
the naval heroes, Capt. Burrows of the U. S. Brig Enterprise 
and Capt. Samuel Blythe of the H. M. Brig Boxer, who were 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 167 

both killed ill the eiiu'imt'incur tlint took iijacc oil' this coast 
Sept. 5, 18ia and were hiiiicd hero Sept. S, 1813: Lieut. 
Kcrvin Waters, who was wounded in the same action and lived 
for two years after, was buried by their side. Other monuments 
and tombs are those of Col. Wm. Tyn«r. Parson Smith, Lt. 
Henry Wadsworth, Rev. ^[r. Reese, and the elegant, polLshed, 
red granite memorial to Com. James Alden erected in 188.5. 
Many of tlie old monuments commemorate the old families and 
as was the custom years ago. the epitaphs are very fulsome but 
quite interesting to read. This old eciLetery is now Avell 
cared for. Formerly it was neglected and cattle roamed at 
large in it. 

Adjoining this cemetery is the North school house, the 
largest school building in the city, having twenty-six teachers 
and over twelve hundred pupils. It occupies the site of the old, 
well remembered. Master Whitniorc school house. Adjoining 
this school on the west is the Church of the Messiah (sec page 
112), which is on the corner of India street. Opposite, a 
little above, was. l)eforc the Revolution, the residence of Thomas 
Wyer, a prominent merchant at that time. Being a loyalist 
he removed to New Brunswick where his descendants who 
bear the name of Jack and arc (luitc distinguished, now reside. 
Opposite the head of India street, now occupied by a block 
of brick houses, was the residence of Parson Smith, luiilt in 
177"). Ai the corner of Locust and Congress streets stands 
ihe pietiii(;s(|ue stone church and adjoining rectory of St. 
Pauls (see pag(^ 104. i At the southeast corner of llanip- 
shire and Congress streets is the site of the Alice Grecle 
tavern (^see pages 93, 94.) Opposite are the H. C. l-^piscopal 
residence and the Kavanagh school (see page 110.) We now 
come to Franklin street and Lincoln Paik. A short distance 
down Franklin street, at Xo. 72. is the site of the house in which 
Sarah Payson Willis was born. We now are at Lincoln 
Park (see page 49.) 

The space occupied by this park was l)efore the fire one of 
the closely settled portions of the city. Opposite the park on 



168 



HULL S HAND-BOOK OP PORTLAND. 



i^^ 








j|k»H^ ^itil,|iiimiiH iH i|i|ij^gi| 







LINCOI-N PARK. 

the corner of Wilmot street is the first Baptist church (see page 
110.) The north end of the lot occupied by the church, on 
Wilmot street, is the site of the house in which the distin- 
guished Nathaniel P. Willis was born, 1806. On the opposite 
corner of Wihnot street, before the fire, stood the house in 
which Parson Smith died in 1795. The next street is Pearl, 
which extends across the city f)-oni Commercial street to Back 
Cove. On the southeast corner, now occupied as a furniture 
store, was built in 1745 the first windmill in town. A piece of 
one of the grinding stones (which were imported) is now at the 
entrance to the park. Afterwards on this mill site in an old 
fashioned brick house lived Friend Hussey, a prominent Quaker. 
On the northeast corner is the Second Parish church (see page 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 1 (lit 

H>i.) Adjoiiiinu" this lot I'oniicrly stood tin' 'I'liiid Piiri-li 
cliiircli. It \v;i- liiiiiii ill ilir lire of 18t)G and the society was 
dissohcd. ()ii the opiiositc side of Congress street a brick 
hiiihliiiL;- occii|ii('s the site of the Center Grammar school 
(see pages 63, (14.) We next comr lo ilir ("iiy H;ill (seepages 
52, 03.) 

On the southwest coiMicr of Exchange ;iiiil Conu'ress streets 
is the line li|ocl< owned liy the I'liion .Miitiiiil Life in-iirain-e 
Co.. and orcii|ii(!d as their lioiiie olhees. Chestuiit street comes 
next and a short distance down the street is the M. E. church 
(see pages 108, 100.) On the soutlieast corner of Congress and 
'i'eni|de streets, now iiudiideil ill Congress Hall, was the house 
where that (doquent son of Tortiand, Sargent S. Prentiss, was 
liorn. 1 SOS. Opposite the liead of Teni]ile street is tlie First 
Parish church (see pages 99, 100.) The next i»iiilding is the 
Chadwick House whicli stands in the rear. This was formerly 
tlie residence of Rev. Sainiu'l Deane the pastor of the church. 
It was built in 1705 ainj the lot on wliich it was built extended 
to Pack Cove. Next is the Fari'iii'itoii bloel<, which is one of 
the most ini|»osing Itusiness blocks in the city. The lowei- 
story is occni»ied by stores, secoiul story, ^'. .M. ('. A. and 

olViee-. the u|i|)ei- stories. ( )(jd l^dlows' Mall. etc. Ncxt 

adjoiniiiu' the Farriimtoii block is an idd t;i>liioneil. >(|uai-e, biirk 
building which is the old Clai)|t mansion, the residence of Asa 
Clapp. one of Portland's old merchants. It is surroumled by 
ti'ces with an exteiideil uai'den in the lear. It i- now occupied 
by the Hon. .\. W. 11. ('lapp, an ex-M. C. and one of roitlamls 
prominent citi/eiis. 'i'his old house was built in 1 T'.' 1. Oppo- 
site is the I'nited S!ate> Hotel I see page 95.) 

The old City Hall of uhieli we have given a pi'e\ious 
account (see jiages '>:'>-'>' ) before these pau'es are ininted u ill 
be demolished. On the north side of the >(|uare is DeeiiuLi' 
liloek. the upper -loiw of which i- the roiilainl Theatre (.see 
pai:-e >"_'. i 

We are now back to the Pii'ble House from whence we 
started, having explored (piite thorouLilily the eastern part of 



170 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

the city. We will iioav start aszain for a walk into the upper or 
southwestern })art. Commencing at the Preble House the 
ascent begins. Congress street is the longest in the city. It 
runs along the ridge or back bone of the city a distance of three 
miles or more to Libby's Corner in Decring. The old brick 
mansion adjoining the Preble House attracts our attention. 
This was the first brick liouse in Portland, built in 17S5— 6. 
Its owner was Gen. Wadswoi'th, a military man of renown and 
the poet's grandfather. Two years were occupied in its l)uilding. 
It was first of two stoi'ies, and Stephen Longfellow, the son-in- 
law of Gen. Wadsworth. who afterwards owned it, added the 
third story. It is known as the Longfellow mansion and was- 
the home of the poet. (See page 145.) Although he was not 
born there, his youth was spent in this old house. It is now 
occupied by Mrs. Pierce, the sister of Henry W. Longfellow, 
and contains many intei'esting articles of furniture, etc.. which 
were in use when the poet resided there. 

On Congress street there has been ])tiilt within a few years a 
number of fine business blocks to accommodate the increasing 
trade which converges to that part of the city. The Brown 
estate owns quite a number of tliem. A short distance above 
Brown street is the IMotley Block, which occupies the site of 
the old Motley tavern kept liy the grandfather of the 
historian. (See page 04.) The lower story is occupied by 
Owen, Moore & Go's, large dry goods establishment. On the 
northeast corner of Casco and Congress streets is Mechanic's- 
Hall Building. (See page G/J.) On the opposite corner is a. 
large brick block of stores, the largest in the city, called the 
Brown Block. A pait of the building is occupied by the firm 
of Rines Brothers which is the largest retail dry goods house in 
the city. The residence of Dr. Samuel Weed, an old time 
physician, was formerly on a part of the lot occupied by the 
Brown Block. 

On the corner of Green and Congress streets is the City 
Hotel. (See page 96.) Opposite is what used to be called 
Hucksters Row, an old place for retail trade and the scene of 



hull's hand-book of pout land. 171 

cue of Scba J^iiiith's (Jack Dowuing-j interesting" skctelies. Jii 
the second stoiy of the block, entrance on Free street, is Union 
Hall, the oldest hall in the city, a famc^d place foi' balls and 
parties fifty yeai's ago, where Madame Cutter. ;i noted caterer 
of those times, who lived in the adjoining block, lurnished 
refreslinieiits to the atteiidanis on those gay balls. 'J'his hall 
was often nsed for a theatre and other exhibitions. ^lany of 
the boys of fifty years ago will remember the attractive ]ianorama 
of the Conflagration of Moscow here exhibited. 

We now come to Congress S(|nare. which is made by the 
widening of Congress street and the junction of Free and High 
streets. It is an elevated site, the two High streets descending 
from it on each side. It is a neighl)orhood of cliurcli(_'s. The 
Free Street Baptist (sec page 111), the High street church 
(see page 107), the First Univorsalist (see page 112). the Free 
Baptist (see page 111), are within a short distance of the 
square. ()n the southeast corner of High and Free streets 
is an old lashioned. elegant mansion built in 1801 and 
long the i-esidence of one of Poi'tland's prosperous merchants, 
Hon. Matthew Col)b. who lived there in generous hosjiitality 
with a large family, cai-riages and servants. On Lafayette's 
visit to Portland in 1825 he was entertained there. It is now 
occupied by the Cumberland Club, one of Portland's social 
institutions. A shoit distance down new lli'jh street is the 
New Jerusalem church (sec ]iao;e 113.) A short distance 
southerly down High street are two elegant, old style mansions 
which arc on opposite sides of tlie street, laiilt in 18().'> by 
Stephen and Hugh ]\rcLelIan. two brothers who at that time were 
prosperous merchants. 'I'hey were ruined l)y the embargo and 
became bankrupt. The house on the corner of Spring and 
lliuh sticets is occuitieij by Hon. L. D. M. Sweat, and the one 
on High street by II. X. .lose, Esq. Proceeding up Congress 
street, at the southwest corner of Park street is the large S(iuarc 
house now kept as a boarding house by ^Frs. Musscy. and 
formerly by the blisses Jones. It was years ago the princijial 
fashiomiblc boarding house and has had for iruests. President 



172 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Polk and members of his cabinet in 1841, and other distinguished 
strangers who have visited Portland. Th^i late Thomas A. 
Deblois and Edward Motley were permanent boarders there 
for many years. The house was built by Thomas Robison in 
1784. On the opposite side of the street, in a house in a block 
of two, was the former residence of Enoch Lincoln when 
Governor of Maine. 

Glancing down Park street, whose original name was Ann 
street, we see the spire, at the corner of Pleasant and Park 
streets, of the Park Street Unitarian church (see page 101), 
opposite which is the Park street block, a row of four story 
houses built fifty years since. Leaving Congress Square we 
will take a short walk down New High street and through 
Deering street, nearly parallel with Congress street. Deering 
street is a street of fine residences occupied by some of our 
most distinguished citizens and successful business men. It 
was formerly a portion of what used to be called the Ross 
or Deering pasture. 

Continuing up Congress sti'eet we come to State street 
square, made by the junction of Congress, Pine and State 
streets. In this square will be placed, this summer, the bronze 
statue erected to Longfellow. State street is one hundred feet 
in width and is lined on each side with a double row of mag- 
nificent elm trees, which, when they are in their lovely June 
foliage, give it a grand appearance and make it the finest 
avenue in the city. This and the adjoining territory is part 
of the Tyng estate, one of the early old families of the town. 

The last survivor was Col. Wm. Tyng, who at the time of the 
Revolution was a loyalist and was banished and all his estates 
including twenty acres of State street and vicinity confis- 
cated to the government, fhe State street property was sold 
at auction and purchased by Joseph H. Ingraham who laid out 
State street through it. Many old time, elegant mansions, 
interspersed with modern residences, adorn both sides of the 
street. 

At the head of State on Congress street is St. Stephen's 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 173 

cliuicli (sec page 10"2.) On State street there are three otlier 
I'liiii-ches, State street (see page lOG), St. Luke's cathedral (see 
page 103), and St. Dominic's now hcing Imilt {<<•(' jtagc ll-l.) 
Near the head of the stieet. at No. 17'). was the residence of 
John Xeal the distinguished autlior. ()u ihc opposite side, a 
little lieluw. at No. IGO. is a large square mansion, wiiidi was 
formerly the residence of Prentiss Mellen, a former Chief 
• lustice of Maine: siil)sc(]uently \Vm. Pitt Fessenden lived and 
died there. It is now the I'csidcnce of lion. ^\'illiaIll L. Putnam. 
Next southerly, at Xo. 156, was the home of Hon. f'tln'i- Shejiley 
and his son, Hon. George F. Shepley. 

Going along Congress street westerly, we pass many fnie 
houses of modern style, showing evidences of wealth and I'efme- 
ment. On tlic corner of Dow and Congress is a suljstantial 
mansion, the residence ot Gen. Neal Dow. At the head of 
what used to be called Haggett's Hill, the corner of Congress 
and (irove streets, we stop to look at the wide and beautiful 
view. Grove street from here slopes rapidly down to Dcering's 
Oaks, immortalized l)y the poet 

" the bree/.v dome of irroves 



The shadow.s ot" Deeiing's woods."' 

From here the Horse Railioad has been extended down over 
tlie liill to the Union Kailroad station; also it cxtemls up 
A'auiiiian street to Spring street. 

A short walk uj» Bowdoin street ln'ings us to the luiijiling 
which attracts our attention, that mtble institution, the Maine 
General Hosjiital (see })age 1)1.) A\'e are now upon the 
Western Promenade, the highest land in the city. From here 
we have a view of a broad expanse of country, bounded by the 
nnnnitain ranges of New Hampshire surmoinitcil by the dome 
of Mount Washington mingling with the clouds of the horizon. 
In the interval are wide prosjteets of tield and woodland, inter- 
spersed with \illages and la nii houses. At the foot of Bramhall 
Hill on which we are, we can see the glistening waters of Fore 
river ; northerly we see the water of Back Cove and the 



174 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

villages of Deering. On the opposite sliore of Fore river are 
the building's of the Reform School. 

The view from the Western Promenade is unobstructed. As 
by a wise provision no building can be placed on the brow of 
the hill. A number of fine residences border the inner lino of 
the Promenade. The first that we see on the left is that of 
Albion Little. Next, on the corner of Pine street, is the house 
of John E. Donnell. Then we come to the mansion of the late 
John B. Brown, which stands in the midst of ten acres of 
cultivated lands, fine gardens, green houses and rare plants. 

At Bowdoin street, at its junction with the Promenade, a 
mp.gnificent panorama ap})ears. Looking eastward we have 
the Avliole expanse of Cape Elizabeth and the Idue ocean 
beyond. To the south we get a distant view of Prout's Neck 
and the sea. Across Fore river we see the Rolling Mills, 
Kerosene Works, Ice houses. Forest City Cemetery and the 
cultivated farms of Cape Elizabeth and Searl)oro. The 
Western Cemetery lies on the southern slope of Brandiall Hill 
(see page 71.) Coming down by the cemetery is Danforth 
street, which was named for Thomas Danforth who was 
the President of Maine in 1680. All the lands in this viciniiy 
were once owned by the Vaughan family and were part of the 
Bramhall purchase, made in 1678. On the south side of Danforth 
street are the finely located residences of Edward A. Noyes and 
Harry B. Brown, the artist. On the left, a little beyond, is the 
elegant residence of the late T. C. Hersey. A little beyond, on 
the South side, are the fine mansions of the Spring families, the 
representatives of Portland's honored citizens. A look up 
Emery street gives us a view of a substantial brick building, the 
Home for Aged Women (see page 92.) 

The location of Danforth street is along the ridge of the high 
land on the south part of the city, and its high elevation gives 
extensive views south and east, of the harl)or, Cape Elizabeth, 
the forts, islands and the ocean beyond. On the northeast 
■corner of Danforth and Brackett streets is an old time mansion 
with spacious grounds, formerly known as the Bartells house, 



I 



k 






-D 



'•1 -J*^i «. '^- 



'^■^■JT' 








^ 



^3i.- d 












s?^ ■^■' 



176 hull's handbook of Portland. 

built in 1807, now the liomestead of Cliarles R. Milliken. A 
shoi-t distance helow is the three story brick house, formerly of 
Joseph H. In,<rrahani. now the residence of Hon. William W. 
Thomas. On the corner of State and Danforth street is an old 
fashioned home, built in 1 800, formerly kno\\ai as the Coombs 
house, now in the possession of the Thomas family. Opposite 
is a large three story brick house, built in 18.35 by the late 
Capt. John Dunlap, whoso daughter was the wife of James 
Russell Lowell, the distinguished author. Afterwards the late 
Judge Howard owned this mansion. It is now the Female 
Orphan Asylum (see page 92.) 

On the east side of State street. No. 51, is a large, old 
fashioned, wooden house built in the early part of the century by 
Joseph H. Ingraham, afterwards the residence of Hon. Win. 
P. Preble and where he died. Next to the Thomas mansion is 
the new church, St. Dominic's, now building. Continuing 
down Danforth street, at the corner of Park we come to the 
Home for Aged Men (see page 92), which is a fine old house, 
built in 1820 by Thomas Robison, one of Portland's old 
merchants, and for many years the residence of Hon. Levi 
Cutter. On the opposite corner is one of the most costly 
houses in the State, built of red free stone. It is owned by 
Ruggles S. Morse Esq. of New Orleans, and is occupied as a 
summer residence. The next house easterly was fifty years 
since the home of the mother of Sargent S. Prentiss. - Opposite 
was the residence of the late Jacob McLellan. who was Mayor of 
Portland, 1863-65. On the corner of High and Danforth 
stands the large mansion house occupied at the time of his 
death in 1886 by John Mussey. The house was built in 
1801 by Eben Storer. 

We now turn up High street. On the southeast corner of 
High and Pleasant streets is the mansion of the late William 
Moultou, now occupied by his family, built in 1800 by Elihu 
Deering. On the opposite northeast corner is the large square 
brick house occupied as a Catholic institution. It was formerly 
the homestead of Robert Boyd, one of Portland's prominent 



HUM/s hand-rook f)F PORTI,ANr). 177 

citizens. \vli<» Imilt tin- lioiist- in l<SOo. A .-lioit distance bi'in<j^s 
u.s to Coni^Tcss .S(|uai-o, and tlicncc we ix'tiirn to Market 
Square, down Congress sti-eet nr continninir on tlirongli Free 
street, wliidi is a street occiii)icd l)y jirivatc houses mostly, 
to its junction with Middh' street near the Falmouth Hotel. 

A walk alonir Commercial street, the principal business stn,'et 
of our city, will be of interest to a visitor. Bcfrinninir at the 
corner (»!" Lonu' wliarf" and Commercial street we will jiroceed 
westerly. The )»art of Commercial street cast ol" this point 
has l>ccn described in a previous walk. Commercial street is 
nearl}' all iiiadi- hind built across the former docks and 
wharves. The u})i)er or northwest side is lined with fine 
blocks of brick warehouses, mostly wholesale i^rocery, grain 
and flour stores. Tiiese brick buildings are all on piles and 
are substantially l)uilt. The facilities for doing business on this 
street arc superior to those of most any other city. Railroad 
tracks in the center of the street bring cai'S, loaded with western 
products, right to the store door whence by skids their contents 
are roUed into the first story of the warehouse. From the 
lowei- or sea side of the street the capacious wharves of the city 
open, and Itranch tracks are laid down the principal wharves 
l)y which coal, liinilicr and oilier heavy arti(des are easily 
transported. The sj^aces l»etwe<'n the heads of the wharves 
are mostly occupied by wooden buildings, stores, warehouses 
and inechanical shops. Aljove Maple street, both sides of the 
street u\> to the IJoston Railroad station, and all the wharves, are 
used for the extensive lumlier business which is done here. 
Some of the New Hampshire and Canadian mills have here 
their offices and yards ami wharves. The Boston and Maine, 
Maine Central, Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad passenger 
and freight stations and offices are at the upper end of Com- 
mercial street. Some of them will soon be removed to the 
Union station on Congress street. At the foot of State street 
is Railroad wharf from which the steamers leave for Eastjiort, 
St. John, Mt. Desert and Machias. 

The jileasure drives about Portland will be described later. 

12 



/r\is(;ella9(^o(J5. 



LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE OF 



Post Office — Lat. 

Long. . 
Long, in time. 

Observatory. — Lat. 

Long. . . 

Long, in time. 

Fort Preble Flag Staff.— Lat. 
Long. 

Portland Light.— Lat. 

Long. . 

Long, in time. 

East Cape Light. — Lat. 
Long. 
Long, in time. 



PORTLAND. 
Dfg. 

43 

70 

4 
43 

-JO 

4 

43 

70 

43 

70 

4 

43 

70 

4 



-AJin. 

39 
15 

41 

39 
15 

41 
38 
14 

1 1 

40 

12 

40 



ELEVATION OF CHURCHES AND OTHER LOCALITIES. 

Pine Street Methodist. 

State Street. 

St. Dominic's. State St. 

Park Street. 

Free Street, Baptist. 

Preble Chapel. 

Chestnut Street, M. E. 

New City Hall, top of dome. 

Post Office. 

Highest point on Bramhall Hill, 

Highest point on Munjoy Hill, 

Ball on top of Observatory, . 

Lowest point on Congress St. head of Hampshire St., 

DISTANCES TO POPULAR RESORTS FROM CITY 



Sec. 
27 

40.4 
02.7 

56.3 

02 

00.13 

56.3 
GO 

51-4 
56.2 
22.5 

49-5 



To Prout's Neck by way of Stroudwater \'illage. 
To same, by way of \'aughan's Bridge, old road. 
To same, by way of Cape Elizabeth, over Buzzell Hill. 
To same, by way of Ocean Road, round the Cape. 
To Atlantic House, Scarboro, bv Vaughan's Bridge 



128.022 
123-563 

93-565 
103.491 
109.160 

55.400 

63.105 
223.000 

49.000 
175.500 
161.000 
231.500 

57.000 

Miles. Fur. 

13 
1 1 
II 

14 

9 



HFLLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



170 



To Kirkwood House, by way of Vaughan's Bridge 

To Reform School. 

To Ocean House, Howery Beach 

To First of Two Lights. 

To Cape Cottage. 

To Evergreen Cemetery. 

To Marine Hospital. 

To Libby's Corner. 

To Stroudwater. 

To Saccarapi^a. 

To Cumberland .Mills. 

To Wood fords. 

To Morrill's Corner. 

To Pride's Bridge. 

To .Mien's Corner. 

To Blackstrap .Monument. 

To Portland Head Light. 

To Pond Cove. 

FROM CUSTOM HOUSE \VH.\K 

To House Island. 

To Little Diamond Island Landin 

To Peaks Island Landing. 

To Cushing's Island Landing. 

To White Head Cove. 

To Evergreen Landing. 

To Diamond Cove. 

To Long Island Landing. 

To Clapboard Cove. 

To Little Chebeague Landing. 

To Jewell's Island. 

To Harps well. 

To South Freeport. 

To Crouch's Cove, Goose Island. 

To Yarmouth Falls. 

To Prince's Point, Yarmouth. 

To Mare Point, Brunswick. 

To Littlejohn's Island. 

To Cousin's Island. 

To Cape Small Point by Mark Island .Monument. 

To Falmouth Foreside S. B. Landing 

To Hope Island. 

To Great Chebeague, Jenks Landing. 

To Orr's Island, S. B. Landing. 



Mik- 

9 

4 
7 
8 

3 



Fur. 

7 

7 
6 

4 
7 
6 

7 



2 


4 


o 


4 


3 




3 


4 


4 


3 


4 


6 


5 




7 




ID 




'3 


4 


'4 


4 


14 


4 


'3 




8 


4 


'5 


4 


9 


4 


8 


4 



8 
17 



Qas(;o Bay. 



'fijjTHIS large bay lies between Cape Small Point and Cape 

f Elizabeth, a distance of seventeen and tln-ee-fourtli miles. 
Its eastern headland, Cape Small Point, is in Latitude 43 
deg. 42 min. 7.5 sec. N. Longitude 69 deg. 49 min. 54 sec. 
W. Its western headland. Cape Elizabeth, is in Latitude 43 
deg. 33 min. 53 sec. N. Longitude 70 deg. 11 min. 45 sec. W. 
Between these two capes the bay extends up into the land an 
average distance of about twelve miles. It is full of islands, and 
the shore line of the mainland is very much cut up hj rivers 
and indented by long and deep coves. The whole number of 
islands in Casco Bay is one hundred and thirty-six (136). 
Nearly all the principal islands are inhabited, and many are 
fertile and under cultivation. Nearly every island lies north- 
east and southwest, which is the general course of the bay and 
of all the rivers and coves contained within its limits. 

"The isles of Casco gleam to-day — 
The hundred isles on Ocean's breast, 

And sunshine lingers in tlie bay 
As sinks the sun in golden West." 

Thus sang one of Maine's gifted poets concerning this beautiful 
bay. No part of the coast of Maine is so attractive as a 
summer resort. It is one of the principal bays on the coast 
and contains the largest number of islands. There is a popular 
legend that Casco Bay contains three hundred and sixty-five 
islands, a compliment to the days of the year which is also 
applied to several bodies of water. Mrs. Elizabeth Oakes 
Smith in her centennial ode says : 



HrTIj;S HAND-BOOK OP PORTLAND. 1 >^1 

"Old Ocean's daughter! beam with smiles, 

And wear thy royal crest. 
Three hundred sixty-five green isles 

Sleep on old Casco's breast."" 

From the earliest times this bay and its islands has always 
been resorted to for recreation and enjoyment of the cool 
breezes tliat waft along its rocky shores. Now, by the facilities 
the various steameis tliat traverse its glistening- waters give, by 
the beauty of its scenery, its wide ocean views, its liealthfid 
breezes, its o[)})ortunities for bathing, boating, fishing, l)y the 
accommodations for visitors at the various hotels and boarding 
houses in its vicinity, it offers most desirable places for enjoy- 
ment to visitors and permanent inhabitants. The routes of the 
steamers tlirongh tliis enchanting bay afford the most ])leas- 
urable (kdights. Frequent trips arc made to Peaks, Cushing's 
Diamond and Long Islands. Also, daily trips are made to 
Little Chebeague, Great Chebeague, Hoi)e Island, Harpswell 
Neck and Bailey's and Orr's Islands. The line to Soutii Free- 
port stops at Great Chebeague, Littlcjohn"s and Cousin's Islands, 
and Falmouth Foreside. A steamer runs to Mackworths 
Island, Falmouth and Fi-ince's Point. Excursions and sails are 
often made to interesting points in the bay ;iii(l tlii(iUL;'li ii< himl 
locked sounds and out on the broad ocean. The steamers to 
Boothbay and the Kennebec River make tri-weekly trips, pass- 
ing through the inside passages and intricate channels of Casco 
Bay ami atloidiug the louri.-t and traveler most delightful 
^^ews. 

For the purpose of illusti'ating this woi-k and gi\iiii:- a cum- 
prehensive view of the position of Porthmd as a summer resort 
and its beautiful surroundings a map iuis been especially 
prepared and accompanies this book. It is a majt of the coast 
and the adjoining inland shore towns iVuui ijie Saeo river to 
the Kenneltec. a distance of li" mile-, whirli includes Casco 
Bay. On this map the names of most oi the islands, head- 
lands, etc.. are given, but all <tf them could not l>e. The accom- 
panying list, arranged in aljdiaitetical older, gives all whose 



182 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

names have been ascertained. AnytliiDg that this map does 
not contain can probably be obtained from the United States 
coast survey charts. 

islands, bays, headlands, etc-, from saco river to 
kennebec river. 

Adam's Head. A long, narrow point making out from the S. shore of 
Richmoncrs Island. 

Alden's Rock. Has on it a black nun buoy. Is two miles S. E. by 
E. from the East Cape Lighthouse. Is a very dangerous rock. 

Ash Point. At the N. part of Potts' Harbor. 

Ash Point Cove. This cove forms the northern part of Potts' Harbor, 
is half a mile wide and nearly three-quarters of a mile long and has from 
four to seventeen feet of water. 

Atkins Bav. Near the mouth of the Kennebec River. 

Bache's Rock. It bears S. E. by E. from Portland Head Lighthouse 
five miles and a half; is not buoyed. 

Bailey's Island. This is a large, well cultivated island about two 
miles long and is situated at the entrance of Mericoneag Sound. 

Bald Head. A bluff precipitous headland W. from Cape Small Point. 

Bald Head Cove. On the W. side of Bald Head. 

Bald Head Ledge. One of the most dangerous on the whole coast. 
It lies three-eighths of a mile S. by W. from Bald Head. 

Ballast Stone Ledges. Are S. of Yarmouth Island. 

Bang's Island. (See Cushing's Island.) 

Bang's Island. (See Little Bang's Island.) 

Bang's Island Ledge. Off the N. W. end of Bang's (Cushings) Island. 

Bar Island. A small, low, bare islet near the entrance to Ash Point 
Cove. 

Barnes' Island. A small low island with a few trees on it near the 
shore on Harpswell Neck opposite Whale Boat Island. 

Barnes' Point. Half a mile above Jordan's Point on the W. side of 
Harpswell Neck. 

Bartlett's Point. Near the entrance to Mussel Cove at Fahr.outh 
Foreside. 

Bartol's Island. A small island in Freeport River, a mile and 
three-quarters above its mouth. 

Bartol's Point Village. On the W. side of the Freeport River at 
the head of navigation. 

Basin Cove. A long cove on the W. side of Harpswell Neck the 
entrance to which is between Basin Point and Ash Point. 

Basin Point. A long, narrow, cleared point, twenty to forty feet high, 
W. side of Pott's Harbor. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 183 

Basin Fo:nt. At the entrance to the Basin on the K. side of New 
Meadows River. 

Basin, The. A land-locked cove on the eastern side of New .Meadows 
River south of Winnegance Bay. 

B.-VSKET Island. Is of oval shape and about four hundred yards long. 
It has a house near the center. Is about iialf a mile S. E. from Sturdi- 
vant"s Island. 

B.ASKKT Island. A small island a (junrlcr of a mile \V. of Stage 
Island in Saco Bay. 

B.-VTES Island. Is S. \V. from .Ministerial Island and X. IC. from Crotch 
Island. Is half a mile long and nearly bare. .A clump of spruce and fir 
trees is in the center. 

Be.\l"s Cove. A small cove on the \V. side of Orr"s Island. 

Be.\r Isl.a.nd. An island with steeply sloping shores crowned with 
spruce and fir. Is near the entrance ©f New Meadows River, and S. E. 
from Cundiz Harbor. 

Bell Rock. Sometimes called Jordan's Reef, is about one mile S. W. 
from Ram Island ; has on it a nun buoy. 

Ben's Island. The northern and largest of a group of four rocky isl- 
ets on the east side of Ouohog Bay. 

Bibber's Island. Is on the N. W. side of the entrance to Mare Point 
and Maquoit Bays and on the eastern side of the approach to Freeport 
River. Has on it a few houses. 

Bibbek's Ledges. A group of bare rocks surrounded by shoals lying 
in the middle of the passage between Bibber's and French Islands. 

Bill Wallace's Ground. Ledges S. E. of Cape Small Point. 

Birch Island. About a mile long, is on the eastern side of Middle 
Bay between it and Mare Point Bay. 

Birch Island Ledge. Is si.\ hundred yards N. from the N. E. end of 
Little Birch Island. 

Birch Point. On the east side of New Meadows River near Winne- 
gance Bay. Is si.xty feet high and is well wooded. 

Birch Point. At the S. W. end of Cousin's Island. 

Black I^ock. A bare rock, very bold, half a mile E. N. E. from Shel- 
ter Island in Middle Bay. 

Black Snake Ledge. Is one quarter of a mile .\. from the N. end 
of Ragged Island. 

Blanev's Point. On the N. E. end of Cousin's Island. 

Bluff Island. About three hundred and fifty yards long. A cjuarter 
of a mile N. W. from Stratton Island in Saco Bay. 

Bold Dick. A small rock, five-eighths of a mile S. S. W. from the 
center of Ragged Island. 

Bomb.vzine Island. A low. hare islet to the X. W. of Indian Point in 
New Meadows River. 



184 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Bowman's Island. A low, grassy islet at the mouth of Freeport River 
near Staples' Point. 

Bowman's Island Ledge. Is marked by a black spar bouy, (No. 3), 
and lies off Stockbridge's Point one hundred and seventy-five yards away. 

Bragdon's Island. The largest of a group of four islets in New Mead- 
ows River above Long island. 

Bragdon's Rock. Is four hundred and seventy- five yards E. from the 
N. point of Bragdon's Island. 

Branning's Ledge. Is two hundred and fifty yards from the shore, 
off Upper Goose Island. Is bare at half tide and is not buoyed. 

Brant Ledges A line or group of ledges one half a mile E. N. E. 
from Shelter Island in Middle Bay. 

Breakwater Lighthouse. At the end of the Breakwater, on Stan- 
iford Ledge on C. E. side of harbor. 

Brick Yard Cove. A long and very narrow cove on the N. shore of 
Ouohog Bay. 

Brimstone Point. At N. E. end of (Great Hog) Diamond Island. 

Brimstone Point Ledge. Is five hundred yards N. from Brimstone 
Point 

Broad Cove. A large, wide but shallow cove on the east side of New 
Meadows River above West Bath. 

Broad Cove. In Cumberland between Prince's Point and Parker's 
Point. 

Broad Cove. On Cape EUzabeth, near the pitch of the Cape. 

Broad Cove. At the eastern end of Richmond's Island. 

Broad Cove Rock. Lies off the mouth of Broad Cove in C. E., half a 
mile from shore. Buoy marked B. C. R. 

Broad Sound. To the westward of Harpswell and leading to Middle 
and Maquoit Bays and Freeport River. 

Broken Cave. Two large masses of bare rocks N. E. from the Brown 
Cow at the entrance to Broad Sound. 

Brothers. Two small islands on Falmouth shore N. E. from Mack- 
worth's Island. 

Brothers, The. Are three small bare rocks surrounded by ledges, a 
quarter of a mile E. from Ram Island. N. VV. from Richmond's Island. 

Brown Cow, The A low, bare, rocky islet off the entrance t,o New 
Meadows River. 

Brown Cow. A low, bare, grassy islet, about fifty yards square, at the 
entrance of Broad Sound, two and three-fourths miles N. W. of Half 
Way Rock Lighthouse. 

Brown's Point. At the W. entrance to Cousin's River. 

Bulls Bridge. Is a half mile above Howard's Point on the W. side 
of New Meadows River. 

Bulwark Shoal. Is S. W. % S. three miles and a half from Half 
Way Rock Lighthouse. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 185 

BuN(iANi'c Landing. Is the settlement on .Maquoit Bay. 

Bl'NGANIC Rock. A bare rock on the Hats half a mile S. from I5un- 
ganuc Landing in Maquoit Bay. 

Burn Co.vt I.sl.and. A small, thickly wooded island to the north of 
Carrying Place Head on New Meadows River. 

Bu,SH Island. A small islet close to the N. E. point of Yarmouth 
Island in Ouohog l>ay. 

Busnv IsL.VNi). A small island on the K. side of New Meadows River 
near the entrance of VV'innegance Ba\-. 

Busti.ng"s Island. A small island at the entrance to Freeport or 
Harraseekit river. 

Busting"s Island Lldgk. Is three hundred and fifty yards S. S. E. 
from Busting's Island. 

BiTTERMlLK Co\"E. A long narrow cove N. fiom Doughty"s Cove on 
Great Island. 

Buttermilk Point. On the main land opposite the N. W. end of 
Great Island. Is connected with Great Island by a bridge. 

Button Mould Ledges. S. E. of Ca])e Small Point 

Cape S.mall Point. The extreme eastern boundary of Casco Bay. 

Carrying Place Cove. A small narrow cove on the W. side of Cat 
Point on New Meadows River. 

Carrying Pl.-\.ce Head. A thickl} wooded l)Iuff one hundred feet high 
on the E. side of New Meadows River. 

Cat Point. At the W. entrance to Fish House Cove on New 
Meadows River. 

Catfish Rock. Is a dangerous rock off the S. W. point of Bang's 
(Cushing's) Island. Has on it a red spar buoy (No. 2.) 

Cedar Ledges. A group of bare rocks lying N. .\. E. and S. .S. W.. 
forming the N. boundry to Cundiz Harbor. 

Cedar Ledges. A number of bare islets and rocks N. E. of .X. end 
of Middle Ground Rock. 

Center Island. A small bare islet in the middle of the channel of 
Ouohog Bay. 

Chandler's Cove. At the southwestern end of (ireat Chebeague 
Island between Deer Point and Indian Point. 

Charity Ledge. Islialfamile K. by N. f'rom Little Jaquisli Island. 
It is not buoyed. 

Chehe.xgue B.'VR. Leading from the middle of the \V. side of Great 
Chebeague Island to within an eighth of a mile of Littlejohn's Island and 
dry at low water for three-eighths of a mile. 

Chebeague Island. (See Great Chebeague and Little Chebeague) 

Chebeague Point. The N. E. point of Great Chebeague Island. A 
ledge makes otT from the point three hundred yards. Has on it a black 
spar buoy marked No. 1 1 . 



186 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Chimney Rock. A ledge with a black buoy, No. 3, on it, at the 
entrance to Richmond Island Harbor. 

Chiver's Ledge. A bad ledge, six feet at mean low water, one mile 
W. from the S. end of Wood Island near the entrance to New Meadows 
River. 

Ct.am Cove. On the S. side of Richmond's Island. 

Clapboard Island. A long, narrow island, three-fourths of a mile 
long, one and one-fourths miles W. from Cow Island. It was formerly 
called Woody Clapboaid Island to distinguish it from Sturdivant's which 
was formerly named Smooth Clapboard Island. 

Clapboard Upper Island Ledges. Is one-third ot a mile W. from 
the S. end of Basket Island. Has on it a red spar buoy (No. 6.) 

Clapboard Lower Island Ledge. Is one quarter of a mile W. from 
the S. end of Clapboard Island. Has no buoy. 

Cl.a.rk's Cove. On the E. shore of Harpswell Neck; is of no im- 
portance, as at low water it is nearly all bare. 

Clark's Ledge. Is between Dipper Cove Ledges and Clark's Cove in 
Harpswell Sound. 

Coleman's Cove. On the S. E. side of Great Chebeague Island. 

Coombs' Island. A small wooded island S. of Woodward's Point in 
New Meadows River. 

Cornfield Point. On the S. E. end of Cousin's Island. 

CoRWiN Rock. Is two miles and a quarter S. E. by E. I4 E. from 
the East Lighthouse; has on it an iron nun buoy painted red and 
black in horizontal stripes, an'l has "C. R." marked upon it in white 
letters. 

Cousin's Island. Is on the W. side of the channel near the Yarmouth 
shore, is one and three-quarters miles long and one-half a mile in width. 
Is partly cleared and settled. Has on it a hotel. 

Cousin's River. In Yarmouth. Is a narrow creek about three-quarters 
of a mile long. 

Cow Cove. A small cove on the eastern shore of Orr's Island, one 
mile above the S. end. 

Cow Island. Is about one hundred and seventy-five yards N. E. of 
the E. end of Great Hog (Diamond) Island; is about three-eighths of a 
mile long. It was purchased a few years since by the United States for 
the purpose of constructing fortifications thereon. 

Cow Island Ledge. Is one-half a mile N. by. W. from the E. end of 
Cow Island. Is bare at low water. 

Crab Island. Alow islet without trees N. of Great Moshier"s Island 
at the entrance to Freeport river. 

Crab Island Ledge. A small ledge bare at half tide, three hundred 
and fifty yards to the W. of Moshiei's Ledge. 

Crotch Island. On the S. E. side of Luckse's Sound. Is one mile 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 187 

and seven-eighths of a mile long and is inhabited. It is partly in Portland 
but the larger portion is in the town of Cumberland. 

Ckom well's Cove. A narrow cove between East and West Cundiz 
Points at the S. end of Great Island. 

Crotch Island Ledge. Is one quarter of a mile S. W. from Crotch 
Island. Is not buoyed. 

Crow Islan'd. A small, bare and grassy island four hundred yards E. 
by N. from the X. point of the E. end of Long Island. 

Crow Island. A low, bare islet about a quarter of a mile from the 
center of the S. E. side of Great Chebeaguc Island. 

Crow Island. An island one hundred yards square. Lies two hun- 
dred and seventy-five yards south of Millers Point in Brunswick. 

Crow Island. A small, high island at the entrance to Diamond Cove 
on Great Hog (Diamond) Island. 

Cl'.N'DIZ H.A.RBOR. On the E. side of Sebascodegan Island on New 
Meadows River. 

Ci'shing's. Formerly named Iiang"s Island, is a large, high islands at 
the entrance to Portland Harbor. (See description.) 

Cushing's Point. On the Cape Elizabeth shore, about midway 
between Fort Preble and the Breakwater. 

Cl'SHALAN's Wharf. About a mile above Woodward's Point on New 
Meadows River. 

Danshekry Reef. Is three hundred and fifty yards long, X. E. from 
Fletcher's Neck in Saco Bay. Has on it a No. 2 buoy. 

David's Castle. A bad ledge, bare at half tide, one mile and an eighth 
S. W. from Jenny's Island. Is not buoyed and always shows itself by 
breakers. 

Deer Point. On the S. W. side of Great Chebeague Island. 

Deer Point Rock. Is two hundred and fiftv yards from Deer Point 
on the .S. W. side of Great Chebeague Island. 

Dia.mond Cove. On the N. E. end of Great Hog (Diamond) Island. 
(See description.) 

Dick's Sho.\l. Is one half a mile .S. from the easternmost point of 
the Elm Islands. 

DlNGLEv's Cove. A cove on the E. side of Cireat Island, and tiie W. 
side of New Meadows River. 

DiNGLEv's Island. A large, cultivated island on the W. side of New 
Meadows River about one hundred and fifty yards from tiie shore of Great 
Island. 

Dipper Cove Ledges. In Harpswell Sound W. of Reed's Cove. 

Dog's Head. A small bare rock three hundred and fifty yards off the 
N. end of Orr's Island. 

Doughtv's Cove and Point. Is on the .\. W. extremity of Great 
Island. 



188 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Doyle's Point. On the S. extremity of Cousin's Island. 

Drinkwater Point. On the S. W. side of White's Cove on Yarmouth 
Foreside. 

Drunker's Ledges. Are N. E. from Half Way Rock Lighthouse at 
a distance of two miles. On the W. end is a spar buoy painted red and 
black in horizontal stripes. 

Dunning's Wharf. At the head of Middle Bay on the main land in 
Brunswick. 

DuNSTAN River. On the W. side of Prout's Neck, a small shallow 
stream, nearly dry at low water. 

Dyer's Point. The N. point of the pitch of Cape Elizabeth. 

Eagle Island. Is in Broad Sound three-quarters of a mile W. from 
Haskell's Island. Is one-quarter of a mile long and a part of it is densely 
wooded . 

Eagle Island. In Saco Bay, a mile E. from Ferry Beach. 

Eagle Island Ledge. Is two hundred and fifty yards S. E. ,^2 S. from 
the S. end of Eagle Island in Broad Sound. 

Eagle Island Point. On the S. end of Eagle Island in Broad Sound, 
extends S. W. two hundred and fifty yards. Has no buoy. 

East Cod Ledge. Is E. S. E. from Portland Head Lighthouse sev- 
en miles and a quarter. 

East Cod Rock. Is S. E. by E. 'o E. from Portland Head Light- 
house seven miles. 

East Cundiz Point. Is on the S. E. extremity of Great Island, on 
the New Meadows River. 

East Point. The E. extremity of Richmond's Island. 

East Ryefield Cove. On the S. side of Peaks Island. 

Eastman's Rock. A sunken rock, not buoyed, three quarters of a mile 
above the S. E. point of Orr's Island. 

Elm Cove. A very pretty, small cove to the S. W. of Diamond Cove 
on Great Hog (Diamond) Island. 

Elm Islands. Are two rocky islets lying E. and W. from each other, 
S. from Yarmouth Island in Ouohog Bay. One is three hundred yards 
long and forty feet high. They are the scenes of one of Kellogg's boy's 
stories. 

Elm Island Ledge. Shoal ground S. of Elm Island one quarter of a 
mile. 

Elm Tree Cove. On the E. side of Peaks Island. 

Evergreen Landing. 'At the N. E. end of Peaks Island. 

Ferry Beach. A continuation of Old Orchard Beach to Saco River. 

Fish House Cove. A small cove W. from Newbury's Point on New 
Meadows River. 

Flag Island. Is a low, rocky island about four hundred yards long, at 
the entrance to New Meadows River. (See L^pper Flag Island.) 



hull's HANn-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 189 

Flag Isi-AXD Ledge. A dangerous ledge, not buoyed. Lies mid- 
way between Jamison's Ledge and Flag Island. 

Flag Island .\. W. Li:d(;i;. Is two hundred yards .\. W. tVom the 
W. end of Flag Island. 

Flash Islaxd. .A small, rocky island lying two hundred yards off the 
S. E. end of ^'armoutll Island in Ridley's Cove. 

Fletcher's Neck.. At the mouth of Saco River. 

Flat Ground or Temple's Ledge. Is two miles S. >4 .W from Cape 
Small Point. 

Flvlnc; I'olnt. The south extremity of Flying Point Neck, E. of the 
entrance to Freeport River. 

Flying Point Ledges. A number of ledges and sunken rocks, 
extending from Flying Point in jl \V. i?4 S. direction for three cjuarters 
of a mile. 

Flvi.ng Point Neck. A long, irregularjy shaped point of land between 
Maquoit Bay and the entrance to Freeport River. 

Fogg's Point. On the N. E. side of the entrance to Yarmouth River. 

FoLLV Point .Shoal. On the N. W. side of Peaks Island, in Hog 
Island Roads. 

Fort Gorges. On Hog (Diamond) Island Ledge. 

Fort Point. On the east side of .Sandy Cove on Great Island, W. 
side of New Meadows River. 

Fort Poi-ham. At the head of Atkins Ikiy near the mouth of Kennebec 
River. 

Fort Pki;i5LE. On Spring Point, near the entrance to Portland Harbor. 

Fort Scammell. On House Island. 

Foster's L.\nding. A point on the shore at Falmouth Foreside. 

Foster's Poi.nt. Is a high, cleared and cultivated peninsula on the E. 
shore of New Meadows River to the W. of William's Island. 

FofR Feet Rock. Is on the E. side of the passage, a quarter of a mile 
.\. W. *.j N. from the W. end of the Flying Point Ledges. 

Fo.x Islands. A group of rocky islets oft Morse River, E. of Cape 
Small Point. 

•Freeport ok Hakraseeket River. A large bay in the town of Free- 
port. 

Freeport Upper Ledge. Is ojiposite Bowman's Island at the 
entrance to Freeport River. Is marked by a red spar buoy (No. 2.) 

French Island. Is a small, bluft" island about forty feet high and 
three-eighths of a mile long, lying iietween Lower Goose and Great 
Moshier's Islands. 

French Island Reef. Is the long line of bare rocks extending from 
the N. E. point of French Island for nearly three-eighths of a mile. 

Filler's Rock. See Glover's Rock. 

George's Island. An island lying between Yarmouth Island and Great 
Island. 



190 hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 

George's Islaxd Rock. Lies nearly three hundred yards S. W. by S. 
from George's Island. 

Glover's or Fuller's Rock. A bare, rocky islet .S. of Cape Small 
Point. 

Goose Fair Creek. A small inlet running into Saco Bay at Old 
Orchard Beach. 

Goose Island. (See Upper and Lower Goose Island.) 

Goose Ledge. A small ledge between Little Whaleboat Island and 
the Goslings. 

Goose Nest, The A bare, rocky islet in the channel between the 
south side of Great Chebeague Island and Stockman's Island. 

Goose Nest Ledges. In the northern channel between the E. shore 
of Great Chebeague Island and Stockman's Island. 

Gooseberry Island. A small mass of rocks W. of Fletcher's Neck. 

Gooseberry Island. A small island on the west side of Cape .Smill 
Point, near the shore and the entrance to New Meadows River. 

Gooseberry Isl.wd Ledge. Lies just to W. of Gooseberry Island 
in New Meadows River. 

Goslings, The Two low islets off the S. \V. end of Lower Goose 
Island in Middle Bay. 

Goudv's Ledge. Is at the entrance of the channel to New Meadows 
River and is bare at half tide. Is S. E. from Rogue Island. 

Grassy Ledge. Is a bare ledge about one quarter of a mile long which 
lies nearly three-quarters of a mile N. E. by N. from Irony Island. 

Great Chebeague Island. The largest of the islands of Casco Bay 
excepting Great Island. (See description.) 

Great Harbor Cove. A small cove on the N. side of Haskell's 
Island. 

Great Harbor Cove Ledges. Lie between Haskell's Island and 
Pott's Harbor. Are very extensive, bare at low water and are not buoyed. 

Great Hen Island. A small island on the west side of Great Island, 
near Ridley's Cove. 

Great Hog (Dl^mond) Island. (See description.) , 

Great (Sebascodegan) Island. (See Harpswell) 

Great xMark Island. A bare, rocky islet three hundred yards from 
the E. shore of Haskell's Island. 

Great Moshier's Island. One mile N. E. from Littlejohn's Island. 

Green Islands. Called the outer and inner, are masses of rock very 
bare and dangerous for navigators. They lie S. W. from Jewell's Island, 
distant one-half to one and a quarter miles. (See Upper Green Islands.) 

Green Island Reef. Is half a mile distant S. W. ^^ S. from Inner 
Green Island. Is marked by a red spar buoy (No. 2.) 

Green Ledges. Are two small bare rocks obstructing the entrance to 
Dingley's Cove on the W. side of New Meadows River. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 1 f) 1 

Gkekn Island Li:dgk. A sunken ledge. Has six feet at mean low 
water. Lies between Chcbeague Point and the Upper Green Islands. Is 
marked by a buoy. 

Gurnet. (See The Gurnet.) 

Gukry's Cove. (See Simonton"s Cove.) 

Haddock Roc k. Is a mass of rougli, liare rocks, forming an islet 
about five hundred yards \V. from the W. entl of HaskelPs Island. 

Half Way Rock, Is a bare, rocky islet si.\teen feet high. Is nine 
miles E. N. E. from Cape Elizabeth Lighthouse. On it is a granite light- 
house si.\ty-six feet high and visible fifteen miles oft". 

H.vlf Way Rock. Is a bare rock seven hundred yards S. from 
JMackworth's (.Mackey's) Island. 

Harbor, The (See Cundiz Harbor.) 

Harpswell, Town ok (See description.) 

Haki'swell Cove. The northern part of Stover's River on Harpswell 
Neck. 

Hari'swi:ll .\eck. (.See Town of Hari)s\vell. ) 

HARP.SWELL H.A.RBOR OR Stover's Cove. Is a semi-circular cove 
about half a mile wide and three miles and an eighth above the entrance 
to Mericoneag Sound. 

H.\Ri'SWELL Sou.ND. Is the water passage between Harpswell Xeck 
and Orr's Island. 

Harraseeket River. (See Freeport River.) 

Haskpxl's Isl.and. On the W. side of the entrance to .Mericoneag 
Sound, is seven-eighths of a mile long, mostly bare of trees and under 
cultivation. 

Haskell's Island Point. On tiie S. W. end of Haskell's Island. 

Head Be.a.ch and Head Cove. On the shore of Cape Small Point. 

Hen Cove. A deep cove on the W. shore of Great Island. 

Hex Island. A small, rocky islet on the E. side of New Meadows 
River near the entrance to Winnegance Bay. 

Hen Islands. Three small islands at the mouth of Hen Cove on the 
west side of Great Island. (See Great Hen Island.) 

Heron Islands. A group of three small, rocky i.slets at the mouth of 
Mor.se River, E. of Cape Small Point. 

High Head. A broad, round head eighty feet high, on the W. side of 
Harpswell Sound, two and three-quarters miles above Stover''s Point. 

High Head. A precipitous blufi'on the S. E. extremity of Cape Eliza- 
beth, three-eighths of a mile -S. of the lighthouses. 

Hot; IsL.\ND Ledges. One on the western shore of Great Hog 
(Diamond) Island, and one at the western end of Little Hog (Diamond) 
Island three-eighths of a mile from the shore. 

Hog Island Roads. Are between Little Hog (Diamond), Peak's and 
House Islands. 



19:2 hull's handbook of Portland. 

Hope Island. S. E. of the western end of Great Chebeague Island. 
(See description.) 

HoPKi\\s Island. Is in Dingley's Cove on the east side of Great 
Island. 

Horse Cove. On the W. Shore of Bailey's Island. 

Horse Island. An island about three-quarters of a mile long on the 
west side of Cape Small Point near the entrance to New Meadows River. 

Horse Island. A small island four hundred yards S. W. from Basin 
Point at the entrance to Potts' Harbor. 

Horse Island Harbor. Lies between the main land at Cape Small 
Point and Horse Island. 

House Island. Is about one-half a mile long and lies at the entrance 
to Portland Harbor. (See description.) 

Howard's Polnt. A high, round hill between Tvliddle Bay and the 
main channel, on the New Meadows River. 

Hue and Cry Rocks. Are S. S. E. from Cape Elizabeth Lighthouses 
two and three-quarters to three miles distant. 

HussEY Rock or The Hussey. Is a dangerous sunken rock, almost 
e.xactly in the middle of the channel to Hussey's Sound. Has twelve feet 
of water at low tide, is E. ^4 N. two miles and an eighth from White 
Head, and is marked by a can buoy of the second class, painted red and 
black in horizontal stripes. 

Hu.ssey"s Sound. Is between Peak's Island and Long Island. Has a 
deep, unobstructed channel. 

Indian Cove. A beautiful cove at the northern extremity of Great 
Hog (Diamond) Island. 

Indian Point. Is on the N. E. end of Great Island in the New 
Meadows River. 

Indian Point. At the western end of Great Chebeague Island. 

Interval Sho.\l. Is a little over half a mile E. N. E. from Ram 
Island in Harpswell Sound. Is not buoyed. 

Irony Island. A small, low islet to the E. of the Goslings. 

Jamison's Ledge. A long and dangerous ledge between Carrying 
Place Head and the S. end of Flag Island at the entrance to New 
Meadows River. Is marked by an Iron Spindle painted black, with a cage 
on top. 

Jaquish Cut. A channel about two hundred yards wide between Mark 
Island Ledge and Jaquish Island, at the S. end of Bailey's Island. 

Jaquish Island. A small, low, rocky island off the S. end of Bailey's 
Island. 

Jaquish Ledge. A long point making off from the S. W. end of 
Jaquish Island. It is nearly bare at low water and is not buoyed, 

Jenny's Island. A rocky islet. Lies half a mile S. W. from Cundiz 
Point. 



hull's HA]SfD-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 193 

Jenny's Ledcp:. Is Haifa mile S. S. W. from Jenny's Island. 

Je\vell\s Lslani). (See description.) 

Jewell's I.sland Cove. Is a long, narrow cove on the N. E. end of 
Jeweirs Island. 

JOHN.so.\".s Cove. A large, shallow cove on the .S. W. side of (ireat 
Chebeague Island. 

Johnson's Rock. About midway between (ireen Island Reef and Outer 
Green Island. A small, detatched pinnacle rock. 

Jo.NEs' Ledge. Lies two hundred and fifty yards off the W. shore of 
Clapboard Island. 

Jokdan's Point. One mile above Wilson's Cove on Middle Hav on 
the E. shore of Harpswell Neck. 

Jordan's Reef. Is one mile S. E. by E. from Portland Head Light- 
house. Is marked by a nun buoy, second class, painted red and black in 
horizontal stripes. 

Josh's Co.e. On the E. side of Peak's Island. 

Junk of Pork. A bare rock surrounded by ledges. S. and close to 
Outer Green Island. 

Lane's Islani^. A low, wooded island half a mile long,S. E. of Fogg's 
Point at Yarmouth shore. 

Little Bang's Islanix Is three-quarters of a mile long, twenty to 
forty feet high. Lies S. E. from Great Chebeague Island. 

Little liiRcii Island. A small, gras.sy islet a quarter of a mile N. E. 
from Birch Island. 

Little Birch Island. A low, grassy islet one-quarter of a mile VV. 
from Horse Island. 

Little Bull Ledge. Is a bare rock a quarter of a mile X. E. by E. 
from the S. e.x'tremity of Ragged Island. 

Little Chebeacjue Island. (See description.) 

Little Diamond (Hog) Island. (See description.) 

Little Flying Point. On the W. sideofMaquoit Bay, at its entrance. 

Little Iron Isl.\nd. A low islet one hundred yards long, three 
hundred yards E. from White's Island in Middle Bay. 

Little Jaquish Island. A bare, rocky islet S. E. one hundred and 
fifty yards from Jaquish Island at the S. end of Bailey's Island. 

Littlejohn's Island. Is a mile long, lies S. E. of Cousin's Island 
with which it is connected by a bar at low water. The island has on it 
an attractive summer cottage owned by Mrs. Soule of New Y'ork. 

Littlejohn's Rock. Is a quarter of a mile S. from the S. E. point o* 
Orr's Island. 

Little Mark Island. Is a bare islet, rocky and bold, six hundred 
yards S. from the S. VV. point of Haskell's Island. Upon its summit and 
near the center is built a scjuare stone obelisk, fifty feet high, known as 
Mark Island Monument. 

13 



194 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Little MoshierIs Island. Half a mile long and quite narrow. It 
lies N. W. of Great Moshier's Island. 

Little Whale Boat Island. Is N. W. from Whale Boat Island. 
Is of irregular shape, wooded with spruce and fir. 

Little Whale Boat Ledge. Is three eighths of a mile N. E. ^o E. 
from Whale Boat Ledge. 

Little Wood Island. A low, thickly wooded island to the E. from 
Wood Island in New Meadows River. 

Long Cove. A long and narrow cove a mile and a quarter long, ten 
hundred vards wide on the N. side of Orr's Island. 

Long Ledge. Is composed of ten narrow, bare, rocky islets N. W. 
from Flag Island. 

Long Island. (See description.) 

Long Island. A mile and three-eighths long on the W. side of New 
Meadows River, and N. E. from Dingley's Island. 

Long Point. The S. W. end of Great Island. 

Long Reach. A long cove two miles and a quarter long, on the N. 
side of Great Island. 

Long Rock. A cove on the W. side of Great Island two miles and a 
quarter long. 

Lookout, the. A low bare point, one mile and a quarter above 
White Point, on the W. shore of Harpswell Neck on Middle Bay. 

Lowell's Cove. A large and commodious cove on the S. side of Orr's 
Island. 

Lower Basket Island Ledge. S. E. from Basket Island. Is marked 
by a black spar buoy. (No. 7.) 

Lower Clapboard Island Ledge. Between Prince's Point and 
Lower Clapboard Island. 

Lower Goose Island. Is exactly a mile long, is thickly wooded with 
spruce and fir, lies a mile and an eighth N. E. from Little Whaleboat 
Island. 

Luckse's Sound. Is the main channel lying between Long Island and 
Crotch Island. 

LuMno's Ledge. Is two and three-quarters of a mile S. W. from Mark 
Island. Has on it a spar buoy painted red and black in horizontal 
stripes. 

Mackerel Cove. On the S. W. side of Bailey's Island. A large, 
deep but narrow cove. 

Mackworth's (Mackey's) Island. (See description.) 

Mackworth's (Mackey's) Point. On the east side of Presumpscot 
Bay in Falmouth. 

Maquoit Bay. Is contained between Mare Point Neck and the main- 
land, Brunswick. It is three and three-quarter miles long, and about a 
mile and a quarter wide at high water. 



hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 195 

Malaga Lsland. A low island on the east side of the New Meadows 
River, between Bear Island and the mainland. 

Mark Point Bav. Is between White's and Birch Islands on the S. E., 
and a peninsula of the mainland, Mare I'omt Neck (Brunswick) on the 
N. W. 

Mare Point Neck.. A narrow peninsula on the E. side of .Matjuoit 
Bay. 

Mark. Island, So.metime.s Called Woody Mark Island. A small, 
low, rocky islet between Ragged Island and Cape Small Point. 

Mark Island Ledge. Is five hundred and fifty yards W. S. W. from 
(W^oody) Mark Island. Is not buoyed, but always shous itself by 
breakers. 

Mark Island Led(;e. Is distant nearly three quarters of a mile S. E. 
by S. ^s S. from Mark Island Monument. 

Mark Island Monl'.ment. Is upon the summit of Little Mark Island. 
It is painted black and white in perpendicular stripes e.Kcept near the top 
which is black on each side, and its geograpliical position is latitude 43 
deg. 42 min. 32 sec. N., longitude 70 deg. i min. 53 sec. W . It is a con- 
spicuous mark when standing in from sea anvwhere between Cape Small 
Point and Cape Elizabeth. 

Marsh Island. An irregularly shaped islet, about three hundred and 
fifty yards long on the S. side of Long Island. 

Martin's Point. On the west side of Presumoscot Bay in Falmouth 
at its entrance. A bridge connects the opposite shore. 

McKennv's Point. A grassy, sloping point at the S. end of Cape 
Elizabeth. 

Mericoneag Sound. The main channel between Bailey's Island and 
a part of Harpswell Neck. 

Merri.\i.a.n's Cove. A small, shallow and unimportant cove on the E. 
shore of Harpswell Neck and the W. side of Harpswell Sound. 

Merri.m.vn's Ledge. Is one mile above Stover's Point, three hundred 
and seventy-five yards from the shore in Harpswell Sound. 

Merritt's Island. A little to thj E. of William's Island. Is a small, 
thickly wooded island at the entrance to Mill Cove on the New .Meadows 
River. 

.Middle B.vv. The main channel on the West side of Harpswell 
Neck. 

Middle B.w. A branch of the New .Meadows River above Woodwards 
Point. 

Middle Bay Cove. At the head of Middle Bay in Brunswick. 

Middle Ground. A shoal in the .New .Meadows River E. of Wood- 
wards Point. 

Middle Ground Rock. Lies between Pond Island and Blacksnako 
Ledjre. 



196 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

Middle Ground. A shoal in Portland Harbor, mostly removed. 

Middle Ledge or Middle Rock. Is one mile and a quarter above 
the S. E. point of Orr's Island, exactly in the middle of the passage. 

Middle Ledge In the middle of Small Point harbor, between Wood 
Island and the W. shore of Cape Small Point. 

Mill Cove. A long, narrow cove between Merritt's Island and the 
mainland in New Meadows River. 

Mill Cove. A small cove in Ouohog Bay, N. from Snow's Island. 

Mill Cove. A mile long, from an eighth to a quarter of a mile wide, on 
the E. shore of Harpswell Neck. 

Mill Rock. Directly opposite the N. W. end of Bang's (Cushing's) 
Island. Has on it a black spar buoy No. 5. 

Mill:;r's Creek. Dry at low wate". Is at the N. end of Middle Bay 
and empties into it. 

Miller's Point. At the N. end of Middle Bay, and extending from 
the mainland. 

M1NISTERI.A.L Island. Is half a mile long, is one-quarter of a mile 
S. E. from Stave Island. 

Mink Rocks. A group of ledges and bare rocks on the W. side of the 
channel to the N. of the Brown Cow and the Broken Cove in Broad 
Sound. 

Mitchell's Rock. Is distant a mile and three-eighths E. ly N. from 
Cape Elizabeth East Lighthouse. Is not buoyed and not dangerous 
except in heavy weather. 

Moore's Point. The S. W. end of Wolfs Neck at the entrance to 
Freeport River. 

Moore's Point Rock. A bare ledge one-eighth of a mile S. by E. 
from Moore's Point. 

Moshier's Ledge E. from Great Moshier's Island. Is marked by a 
black spar buoy (No. i). 

Muscle Cove. A deep and unobstructed cove on the S. side of Rich- 
mond's Island. 

Mussel Cove. On the N. side of Bartlett's Point, on the mainland at 
Falmouth. 

Negro Island. A small, rocky island two hundred and fifty yards to 
the W. end of Wood Island, Winter Harbor. 

Negro Island Ledge. Is nearly six hundred yards from the W. point 
of Wood Island (Winter Harbor). Has on it a black spar buoy. 

North Blacksnake, The. A bare, rocky islet, guarding the entrance 
to Horse Island Harbor, on the E. side of New Meadows River. 

North West Ledge or Flag Island N. W. Ledge. Lies two 
hundred yards N. W. from the N. point of Flag Island. 

North West Ledge. N. from Haskell's Island and W. from Potts* 
Point. 



hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 197 

New Meadows River. Is a lar_<^e indentation from the sea, with 
numerous coves and iiarbors. It e.xtends in a N. direction to within 
a halt mile of Merrymeeting Bay a distance of ten miles. 

Oak Island. A small, roclcy island off the S. end of Great Island. 

Obed's Rock. A very small, rocky islet, low and bare, on the S. E. 
side of Long Island. 

Old Anthony ok Vapor Rock. Is S. E. from Cape Elizabeth Light- 
house. Has on it a whistling buoy. 

Old Proprietor, The. A bare ledge nearly two miles VV. % N. from 
the W. end of Richmond's Island. 

Ork"s Cove. A large and long cove at the N. end of Ouohog Bay, on 
Great Island. 

Orr's Island. Is a large island of considerable height, about three 
miles long, lying between Harpswell Sound and The Gurnet. It is the 
scene of Mrs. Stowe's interesting romance "The Pearl of Orr's Island." 

Overset Isl.\nd. Is a baie island sixty feet high and about four 
hundred yards long. Is two hundred yards S. of the VV. end of Long 
Island. 

Parker's Point. On the W. shore of the entrance to Yarmouth 
River. 

Peak's Isl.\nd. (See description.) 

Peak's Island Shoal. Is on the N. W. end of Peak's Island, and is 
marked by a black spar buoy (No. I). 

Pennell's Wharf. At the W. entrance to Middle Hay Cove, at the 
head of Middle Bay. 

Peter's Cove. On the W. shore of Harpswell Neck. A comfortable 
anchorage for light draught vci^sels. 

Pettingill's Island. Is forty feet high and bare of trees. It lies 
between Bibber's Island and William's Island, S. E. from Flying Point in 
Freeport. 

Pine Tree Lkix;e. Is S. E. ^4 E. from Portland Head Light one and 
a half miles. 

Pitch Pine Ledge. On the eastern shore of Small Point Harbor. 

Pitch Pine Point. The S. W. point of the entrance to Small Point 
Harbor. 

Pleas.-vnt Co\'E. a very beautiful cove on the X. E. end of Cireat 
Hog (Diamond) Island. 

Pole Island. Is in Ouohog Bay near Great Island. Is one hundred 
feet high and bare of trees. 

Pole Island Ledcjes, North and South. A line of bare rocks S. 
W. and N. E. from Pole Island in ()uohog Bay. 

PoMROV's Rock. A rocky islet oft' the N. E. shore of .Munjoy Hill. 

Pond Cove. A very beautiful cove a mile S. of Portland Head on Cape 
Elizabeth. 



198 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Pond Island. Low, bare and rocky, six hundred yards long and three 
hundred broad, is three-quarters of a mile from the E. shore of Bailey's 
Island. 

Pond Island Ledges. A line of bare rocks extending from the S. 
extremity of Pond Island half a mile in N. N. E. and S. S. W. direction. 

Pond Light. On an island on the W. side of the entrance to Kennebec 
River. 

Pool, The. A bay three-quarters of a mile wide, at the mouth of 
.Saco River. 

Portland Head. A prominent headland off Cape Elizabeth, on which 
is a lighthouse. Three miles and a half above the pitch of the Cape. This 
name has existed from the earliest settlement, and from it the city of 
Portland takes its name. The first Lighthouse was built by Massachusetts 
in 1 79 1. 

Potts' Harbor. A most commodious, land-locked harbor on the S. E. 
end of Harpswell Neck. 

PcTTs' Point. Is at the extremity of Harpswell Neck and forms the 
eastern shore of Potts' Harbor. 

Potts' Point Ledge. To the S. W. from Potts' Point two hundred 
and fifty yards. 

Pound of Tea Island. A small island at the entrance to Freeport 
River. 

Prince's Gurnet. A narrow, crooked passage between Prince's Point 
and Doughty's Point in Harpswell Sound. 

Prince's Point. Is a long, low point of land in Harpswell Cove. 

Prince's Point. Is on the eastern shore of Broad Cove in Yarmouth. 

Prince's Point. A beautiful situation c.i the Falmouth shore. 

Prince's Point Shoal. Extends from Prince's Point, Yamouth, in a 
S. W. direction for half a mile. 

Prout's Neck. (See description.) 

Pumpkin Nob. A small island at the eastern end of Peak's Island, has 
on it a summer cottage ownjd by W. P. Preble. 

Pumpkin Nob. A small, bare rock S. of Prince's Point in Yarmouth. 

OuOHOG Bay. A deep indentation in the S. shore of Great Island, is 
an excellent harbor of refuge. 

Ragged Island. Is a rocky island about half a mile long and a quarter 
of a mile wide, is distant from Bald Head on Cape Small Point three 
miles and a half. 

Ram Island. A small island in Mericoneag Sound E. from Potts' 
Point. 

Ram Island. A small island at the entrance to the Gurnet, and is S. 
E. from Orr's Island. 

Ram Island. A low, grassy islet a quarter of a mile long. Is six 
hundred yards S. E. from Bang's (Cushings) Island. 



hull's hand-book op PORTLAND. 109 

Ram Island. A small, low, grassy island about two hundred yards 
long, off the S. shore of Cape Elizabeth, W. from Riclimond's Island. 

Ram Islaxd. A small islet in Winter Harbor N. from Stage Island. 

Ram IsL.VNn Ledges. A bare ledge extending in a S. W. direction from 
the S. E. end of Ram Island in Mericoneag .Sound. 

Ram Island Ledges. Sunken rocks between Ram Island and Pond 
Island E. from Bailey's Island. 

Ram Island Ledges. A long ledge S. of Ram Island and Prang's 
(Cushing's) Island. 

Ram Inland Ledge. Lies E. by S. from Ram Island (W . H.) Has 
on it a red buoy No. 6. 

Reed's Cove. A wide and shallow cove on the W. side of Orrs 
Island, in Harpswell Sound. 

Rich's Cove. At the N. E. corner of Ouohog Bay on (ireat Island. 

Rich's Mountain. Is a hill one hundred and forty feet high between 
Broad and Mill Coves, on the New Meadows River. 

Richmond's Island. (See description.) 

Richmond's Island H.\rbor. Lies between the W. side of Rich- 
mond's Island and the shores of Cape Elizabeth, and is formed by the 
breakwater built across the bar from the mainland to the Island. 

Ridley's Cove. Is contained between the western shore of Cundiz 
Point and Yarmouth Island. Is nearly a mile long and three-eighths of a 
mile wide. 

Round Rock. At the entrance to Ouohog Bay. Is bare at half-tide 
and very bold. Lies W. by S. seven-eighths of mile distant tVom the 
center of Ragged Island. 

Round Shoal. Bears from Half Way Rock Lighthouse S. by W. >4 
W. three miles and a ([uarter. and from Portland Head Lighthouse seven 
miles and a Cjuarter. 

Rogue's Island. Is two Inmdred yards S. K. from the eastern end of 
Hope Island. 

Rogue's Island. A low. bare, rocky islet, two hundred yards S. from 
East Cundiz I'oint at the mouth of New .Meadows River. 

Saco Bay. Extending from Prout's Neck to Saco River. 

Sa.\ D Island. A .'^mall, low and narrow islet six hundred yards X. E. 
from Hope Island. 

Sand Island Ledge. Makes off to the X. E. from Sand Island three 
hundred and fifty yards. 

Sandy Cove. Between Fort Point and Cundiz Point on the S. E. end 
of Great Island. 

Sandy Island. A small low island half a mile S. W. ,''4 S. from the 
E. point of Fletcher's Neck. 

Sandy Point Ledge. A long ledge, bare at low water, .X. W. from 
Birch Point on Cousin's Island. 



200 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Sandy Point. On the N. end of Cousin's Island. 

Scrag Island. In Middle Bay E. of Wliite's Island. 

Seal Cove. Is a large, semi-circular cove a mile and a quarter wide on 
the S. E. end of Cape Elizabeth, adjoining Richmond's Island. 

Seal Cove. On the N. side of Great Diamond Island. 

Seal Island. A small island E. from Cape Small Point. 

Seal Ledge. Is on the N. W. shore of Great Chebeague Island. Is 
marked by a No. 6 buoy. 

Sebascodegan Island. (See Great Island.) 

Sheep Island. A rocky, sparsely wooded islet on the east side of 
Dingley's Cove in New Meadows River. 

Sheep Island Ledge. A very dangerous rock in the middle of the 
channel, three hundred and fifty yards S. E. from Sheep Island. 

Shelter Island. Is about four hundred yards long. Is in the center 
of Middle Bay, and five-eighths of a mile S. E. from Upper Goose Island. 

Ship Cove. A small cove on the N. side of Portland Head on Cape 
Elizabeth. 

Simon's Gurnet. An inland passage along the N. shore of Great 
Island into Harpswell Sound. 

Simonton's Cov^e. Sometimes called Gurry Cove, is a prominent cove 
on Cape Elizabeth shore, and just to the S. of Fort Preble. It is adjacent 
to the village called "Willard." 

Sister Island. A small island at the entrance to Alaquoit Bay. 

Sister Island Ledge. Is a bare ledge one hundred and seventy-five 
yards due N. from Sister Island in Maquoit Bay. 

Sister's GROUND, The. A mass of sho^l ground and detached ledges 
S. E. from the Sisters and N. E. from Ragged Island. 

Sisters, The. Two small, rocky, bare islets to the N. E. of Ragged 
Island at the entrance to Ouohog Bay. 

Sloop Ledges. A group of dangerous sunken ledges, distant from 
Ram Island E. N. E. half a mile. S. from Great Island near the entrance 
to the Gurnet. 

Small Point Harbor. A long, narrow cove running S. from Tott- 
man's Cove, at Cape Small Point. 

Snow's Island. An island near the head of Ouohog Bay. 

Southern Head. A headlandon Cape Small Point S. E .of Bald Head. 

Sow and Pigs. An island N. E. from Bibber's Island, at the entrance 
to Maquoit Bay. 

Spar Cove. On the E. end of Peak's Island. 

Spar Cove. A small cove at the N. W. end of Staples" Cove in Free- 
port River. 

Spri.ng Point Ledge. Makes off from Spring Point near f^ort Preble. 
Has on it a first-class can iron buoy painted black and has the letters S. P. 
L. on it. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 201 

Spring Point. On Cape Elizabeth at the entrance to I'ortland Harbor. 

Spruce P(iint. The S. point on Cou.sin's Island. 

Stage Isi..\ni). Is a small, rocky island VV. of Negro Island, Winter 
Harbor. Has on it a grey stone monument forty feet high. 

Stanifokd's Ledge. On which the breakwater in Portland Harbor is 
constructed. 

Staples' Cove. A large cove between the X. Shore of Staples" Island 
and the mainland in Freeport River. 

Staples Island. An island near the VV. entrance to Freeport River. 

Staples Polxt. A point on the S. E. side of Staples Island. 

St.we Island. Is about six hundred and fifty yards long, and lies N. 
E. from Crotch Island. 

Stave Island Ledge. Off tiic .\. E. end of Stave Island in Broad 
Sound. 

Stepi'Ing Stones. Two bare, rocky islets four hundred and fifty yards 
from the S. E. shore of Long Island. 

STOCKimiDGE's Point. On the N. E. end of Stajjles" Island at the 
entrance to Freeport River. 

Stock-MAn's Island. A small island to the X. E. of Little Bang's 
Island in Luckse's Sound. 

Stover's Point. The N. E. point of Harpswell Xeck. 

Stover's Cove. S^e Harpswell Harbor. 

Stover's Point Shoal. Off the N. end of Stover"s Point. Three 
hundred yards long. Is bare at low water. 

Stover's River. Enters into Harpswell Sound a mile above High 
Head, and is three miles long. 

Strawberry Creek. Is bare at lo»v water, empties into the X. end 
of Harpswell Sound. 

Str.\tton Island. .An island nearly a half mile long, opposite Old 
Orchard, in Saco Bay. This name was given it as early as 1658. Has a 
house on it. 

Strout's PoiNi- \'illa(;e. See South Freeport. 

Strout's Point. On the X end of Spar Cove in Freeport River. 

Sturdivant's Island, Formerly Called S.mooth Claphoard. Is 
low, cultivated, with a few houses on it. It is S. of Broad Cove in 
Cumberland about half a mile from the mainland. 

Sturdiv.\nt's Island Ledges. A group of bare ledges about half a 
mile S. VV. from the W. end of Sturdivant's Island. 

Sl'GAR Loaves. Two bare, rocky islets at the entrance to Kennebec 
River. 

Temple Leixje or The Flat (jroind. Is disiani two miles S. VV. 
from Cape Small Point. 

The liAsiN. A land-locked Cove on the E. side of New Meadows 
River. 



202 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

Taylor's Reef. Off the S. E. end of Cape Elizabeth. 

The Broken Cave. A ledge of rocks N. E. from JewelFs Island. 

The Gurnet. Is a long, narrow passage between the S. part of Orr's 
Island and Great Island. 

Thrum Cap and Thrum Cap Ledge. A rocky islet and shoals in the 
S. part of Potts' Harbor. 

Torry's Rock. A detatched rock one-quarter of a mile W. from 
Potts' Point. 

Tottman's Bumper. A good mark in approaching Horse Island 
Harbor in New Meadows River, being a peculiar, bold spot of a yellowish 
white color appearing on the top of the wooded hills behind Carrying 
Place Head. 

Tottman's Cove. A long, shallow cove on the W. side of Cape Small 
Point. 

Three Islands. A group of four islands in New Meadows River near 
Mill Cove. 

Trefethen's Landlng. On the N. W. side of Peak's Island. 

Trundy's Point. Is a mile and a quarter N. from the Cape Lighthouses. 

Trundy's Reef. A dangerous reef one-third of a mile N. from Cape 
Elizabeth Lights. Has on it a buoy painted black and marked T. R. in 
white letters. 

Turnip Island. Is a small, bare rock N. W. from Jaquish Island. 

Turnip Island Ledge. Is a quarter of a mile S. W. from Turnip 
Island. Has on it a red spar buoy (No. 2.) 

Two Bush Ledge. A bare rock, three hundred yards long, S. W. from 
Elm Islands. 

Uncle Zeke's Island. Is a bare rock nearly in the middle of Harps- 
well Sound above Orr's Island. 

Underwood Ledge. About one-third of a mile from the main shore, 
Falmouth, where the famous Underwood spring is situated. 

LTppER Basket Island Ledge. Between Basket Island and Spruce 
Point on the S. W. end of Cousin's Island. 

LIppER Flag Island. Is half a mile long, and lies S. \V. from Potts' 
Harbor on Harpswell Neck. 

Upper Goose Island. Is S. VV. from Birch Island in Middle Bay. Is 
five-eighths of a mile long, forty feet high. 

Upper Green Islands. Are N. E. from Chebeague Point on Great 
Chebeague Lsland. 

Upper Harbor Ledge. A group of rocks on which is a black buoy, 
No. 3. On the edge of the flats off Cape Elizabeth shore in Portland Har- 
bor one half a mile from Portland Bridge. 

Wallace Head. A low, bare point on the West side of Cape Small 
Point. 

Watt's Ledge. A dry ledge, lies off the E. end of Richmond's Island. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 20.3 

Watt's Point. On the E. end of Richmond's Island. 

Washman's Rock. Is two-thirds of a mile S. by \V. from Wood 
Island Lighthouse in Saco I5ay. 

Webster Rock. A dangerous rock X. from Half Way Rock Light- 
house. Is marked by a black spar buoy. 

West Bath. A township on the E. side of New .Me.idows River, N. 
of Winnegance Bay. 

West Cod Ledge. Is S. W. -^4 S. from Half Way Lighthouse, three 
miles and a half. Is marked by an iron nun buoy of the first-class painted 
red and black in stripes. 

West Cod Ledce Rock. Is a little over three miles E '.j S. from the 
Cape Lights and is not buoyed. 

West Cundiz Point. Is on the .S. end of (Jreat Island, on the W. 
side of Cromweirs Cove. 

West Ledge. E.xtends off from the W. shore of Kiclimond's Island. 

Western Head. On the S. side of Richmond's Island, E. from 
Muscle Cove. 

West Ryefield Cove. On the S. side of Peak's Island. 

Whales Back. A sunken ledge a mile S. S. W. from Wood Island 
Light in Saco Bay. 

Whale's Back or Rock. A bare, rocky islet S. W. eight hundred 
yards from Little Mark Island Monument. 

Whale Boat Island. Lies along the western shore of Harpswell 
Neck at a distance of half a mile. Is a mile and a half long, fifty to three 
hundred yards wide. 

Wh.\le Boat Island Ledge. A small rock with nine feet at mean low 
water, three-quarters of a mile N. W. from Whale Boat Island. Has on 
it a red spar buoy No. 12. 

Whale Cove. On the E. side of Peak's Island. 

Whakf Cove. On the E. side of Peak's Island. 

White Bull, The. A white looking, rocky islet S. E. of Ragged 
Island and in range with it. 

White Head. A rocky, bare blurt" eighty feet high at the N. E. 
extremity of Bang's (Cushing's) Island. 

WnriE Head Ledge. .A long ledge making ort' from White Head in a 
X. direction for one hundred and fifty yards. 

White Head Passage. Is between the X. shore of Cushing's and the 
S. shore of Peak's Island. 

White's Cove. A small cove X. of Drinkwatcr's Point at the entrance 
to Yarmouth River. 

White's Island. Is in .Middle Bay si.v hundred yards X. E. from 
Bireh Island. 

White's Point. .A low, bare point half a mile al)nve Peter's Cove on 
the W. side of Harpswell Neck. 



204 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Widgeon Cove. Is three-quarters of a mile long, and is on the W. 
side of Harpswell Sound, and the E. side of Harpswell Neck. 

William's Island. In Broad Cove on the E. side of New Meadows 
River. 

William's Island. N. E. from Pettingill's Island near the entrance 
to Maquoit Bay. 

Willard's Rock. Is on the S. side of the channel. Is two miles and 
a quarter N. E. by N. from Cape Elizabeth East L. H. and is not buoyed. 

Will's Straits. A passage three hundred and fifty yards wide 
between Orr's and Bailey's Island. 

Wilson's Cove. A wide and tolerably deep cove in Middle Bay on the 
W. side of Harpswell Neck. 

Wilson's Ledges. A dangerous group, bare at tide water, about 
seven hundred yards near the upper end of Wilson's Cove. 

Winter Harbor. Is contained between Fletcher's Neck and the 
islands to the N. in Saco Bay. 

Winnegance Bay. A deep indentation on the E. side of New 
Meadows River. Is about a mile long and is connected with Winnegance 
Creek on the Kennebec. 

Witch Rock. Is seven-eighths of a mile S. E. from Ram Island (off 
White Head). Has on it a nun buoy painted red marked with the letters 
W. R. in white. 

Wolf's Neck. A peninsula on the S. side of Freeport River. 

Wood Island. A high, partly wooded island on the W. side of Cape 
Small Point, S. W. from Tottman's Cove. 

Wood Island and Lighthouse. The most prominent island in Saco 
Bay at Winter Harbor. Has on its E. end a lighthouse forty-seven feet 
high, showing a revolving red light. 

Wood Landing. On the S. side of Peak's Island. 

Woody Mark Island Ledge. A ledge bare at half tide, five hundred 
and fifty yards W. S. W. from Woody Mark Island. 

Woodward's Point. Between Woodward's Cove on the W. and 
New Meadows River on the E. 

Wyer's Island. A bare islet off tlie N. W. end of Orr's Island at 
Harpswell Sound. 

Wyman's Ledge. A very dangerous ledge with four feet upon it in 
mean low water, distant half a mile S. E. from Woody Mark Island. 

Yarmouth Island Ledges. A great mass of shoal ground S. from 
Yarmouth Island. 

Yarmouth River. About a mile and three-quarters long from the 
entrance to the village at Yarmouth Falls. 

Yarmouth Island. Is nearly three-quarters of a mile square. Its 
summit is one hundred and forty feet above high water mark. Is S. of 
Great Island near the entrance to (Xio'iog Bay. 



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HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 205 

YM<M()rTH Fai.i.s Vii.LAGK. At the head of Yarmouth River. 

Yellow Rock. A small, bare rock a ciuarter of a mile S. .S. W. from 
Two Bush Ledije, at the entrance to Quohog Bay. 

York Ledge. Is one mile N. E. from Prince's Point on the E. side of 
Broad Cove. A bl 'ck spar buoy (No. 3) is placed on it. 

Zeb^s Cove. One of the principal Coves on Cape Elizabeth shore, N. 
from the Cape Lighthouses. 



peak's island. 



Tlii< lai-v island whi.'li lies near the ."utfancc to the harl)or. 
has l...rne the successive names of Pond, Michael, Munjoy, 
PaUner and Peak's. It was conveyed by Georo-e Cleeve to his 
son-in-law. Michael Mitton, in 16:)7. Mitton's widow conveyed 
it to .lolm Phillips of Boston in 1661. It was then called 
Pond Islaiul. PhiiUp^^ conveyed it to his grand-daughter, Mary 
Mimjoy, wife of John Palmer. There have been several lawsuits 
concernino- the title, as it was claimed by the Bracketts, who 
were the heirs of Mitton, and by those who held under 
;N[uniov's title. 

This island was a favorite resort of the Indians. Here 
thev rendezvoused prior to their attack on the white set- 
tlements in the vicinity. In 1689 a force of over four hundred 
French and Indians oathered here preparatory to the attack 
on Casco. which thev made a few days later, and were repul- 
sed at Deerino-s woods. Capt. John Waite was one of the 
first earlv settlers on the island. Havino- became a joint pro- 
prietor, in the latter part of his life he took ui. his residence 
and died here in 1768. In 1762 Thomas Brackett and 
IJeniamin Trott came here to live. They are the ancestors of 
those of that name now residing here. A daughter of Thomas 
Brackett marri.d Joseph Reed. 

The three first frame houses built upon the island were those 
of Thomas Brackett. Benjamin Trott and Joseph Reed. The 
population of the islan.l increased slowly. In 1847 there were 
hut eighteen houses. There were no facilities for going to 
Portlaml excejit in oj.en boats. The island began early to ])e a 
pleasure resort, being reached from the city by boats. The 



206 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

large pleasure boats named the Laurel (now in existence) and 
the Banner made constant trips. The first regular steamer 
began to run in 1851. A very small boat called the Express 
had made trips previous to that time. 

Horatio G. Cook established the first regular steamer com- 
munication. The first boat was the Antelope, succeeded by 
the Casco, Favorite, Gazelle, Island Queen, Clinton, The Lily 
and Marcena Johnston. The trips then were not so frequent 
as now. The earliest fi'om the city was at 9 a. m. and the last 
from the island at 5.30 p. m. Soon after the boats commenced 
running regularly summer boarders began to come, succeeded 
l)y campers out and cottagers, Old houses were fixed up and 
new ones built to accommodate the increasing number of summer 
visitors. In 1847 there were no roads on the island and no 
school house. Now there are good roads, a lirick school house, 
a fire engine and a Methodist church. Boats of the Casco Bay 
Steamboat Co., the Greenwood and other stcamei's make 
frequent trips to and from the city, stopping at four landings. 
The oldest established boarding house on the island is the 
Union House, opened in 1851 by Wm. T. Jones. It is now 
kept by his widow. Other hotels and boarding houses are the 
Bay View, Peak's Island House, Avenue House, Bellevue 
House, Chapman House, Oceanic, Summer Retreat, Innis House. 
Valley View and others. 

The Greenwood Garden, under management of Capt. C. H. 
Knowlton, is one of the most attractive features of the island. 
It is a beautiful sylvan retreat by the water side. A museum 
of animals and curiosities, opera and theatrical entertainments, 
draw crowds of pleasure seekers. The Chapman House, which 
is located on the northeast part of the island in the midst of 
Rock Bound Park, is a quiet retreat among the trees within 
sight of old ocean. 

On the summit of the highest part of the island a glorious 
scene spreads out before us. Eastward the blue expanse of 
the broad Atlantic stretches away to the horizon ; turning west 
we see Old White Head on the opposite shore, and farther 



HUI-LS HAND-BOOK OF PORTI.AND. '_!<», 

west the liailtor willi its vessels and stcaincrs lies at our It't/t. 
while ill llic distance rises the beautiful Forest City with thi' 
dome ot" Mt. Washington far away td the north — at sunset its 
dark, purple outline against the erinison sky presenting a 
pleasing contrast — for a background. 

For many of the material facts in this article I am indeljte<l 
to Mrs. Eliza A. dones, |)ro))rietress of the Union House, wdio 
has wi'itten a very interesting history of Peak's l>laiid. 

cu.shing"s island. 

This hirg*' island lies near the entrance to the harbor and is 
a itroniinent feature to those who liy sail or steamers pass by 
it. It is claimed that here Christopher Levett built a stone 
house in IG^.J. it was afterward owned by George Cleeve 
and descended to his daughter. Elizabeth Mitton. Jt was next 
oAvned l)y James Andrews. The first English name given to 
this island was Portland. It has been called successively. 
Andrews' Fort, Bang's (which name it bore for over one 
hundreij years), and Skillinu-'s. Its present owner is Francis 
Cushing, Es(i. 

This island has cai)abilities of becoming one of the finest 
watering places on the coast. It has been laid out into carriage 
roads, walks, ])atlis and cottage lots by Frederick Law Olmsted, 
a celebrated landscape architect. The new Ottawa House, the 
largest hotel in Casco Bay, which succeeds the former house of 
of that name lnirnt in lSS(i. will be complcleil dune "Jo. It 
has accommodations for 300 guests. It has been leased liy, 
and will lie under the management of. Montgomery S. Gibson 
the pi-opriet(»i- lA' the Preble House. This hotel stands nn ilie 
highest ground of the island and commands magnificent views 
of land and sea scenery. From its balconies on the north you 
have views of the harbor, the city and inland mountain 
scenery. Seawaid tlie grand ohl ocean appeals ltef<»re you. 
its surf lieating on the outer walls of the rock bound coast. 
Half Way Rock and its white tower at a distance glistens in 
the sun: before voii i.- Ham l-land. the waves breakina- 



208 hull's haxd-book op Portland. 

over it. On the right are the shores of Cape Elizabeth, Port- 
land Light and the two Cape Lights. About all the steamers 
that go in and out of Porthind Harbor pass by this island. It 
is now a popular resort for the best classes of Canadian society, 
who come here regularly every season, and its hotel accommo- 
dations and cottage life make the sojourn here very pleasing. 

It is becoming one of the most attractive watering places on 
the coast. Regular communication is kept up with the city by 
the steamers of the Casco Bay Co. which make frequent trips. 

DLVMOXD ISLAND. 

EDWARD H. EI,WELL. 

This island, formerly known as Hog Island, is the larger of 
two islands connected by a sand-bar which is covered with 
water only at high tide. There are good reasons for believing 
that it was on this island that Christopher Levett, in 1623, 
built the hrst house erected within the limits of the city of 
Portland. In 1772 it was purchased by the Deering family who 
have retained an interest in it until the present time. By them 
it was long improved as a hay farm. 

The island comprises about four hundred acres. The eastern 
end is heavily wooded, and indented with many pleasant coves, 
the pleasure resorts of Portland people for more than a hundred 
years. The largest of these coves, much frequented by picnic 
parties, was many years ago popularly named Diamond Cove 
because of the beautiful quartz crystals found there. 

In 1882 a company of Portland citizens purchased about 
two hundred and fifteen acres in the center of the island and 
extending along the northern shore to the cove now named 
Seal Cove. The Deering heirs still hold one hundred and 
fifteen acres on the southwestern side. The company numbered 
ninety-five stockholders, holding from one to five shares each. 

The land was plotted into quarter acre lots, with avenues 
and reservations for parks and play grounds, a restaurant was 
built and a wharf extended on the northern shore and another 
in Diamond Cove. Half a dozen summer cottages were built 



hull's hand-rook of PORTLAND. 209 

in 18S;> ainl the iiiiiiil»of in 1888 has increased to al)oiit fifty. 
These cottag'es arc of tastcCiil architecture, and some of them 
are very ornamental. I'rovision lias been made for proper 
sanitary regulations, and a water (company supplies water to 
the cottag'es from one of the numerous springs of ]Mirc water on 
the island. 

The Casco Bay St('aml)oat Comj)any iuis a wharf on this 
side of the island to which its steamers make regulai- daily 
trips, thus increasing the facilities for reaching the island. 

The steamer Isis makes daily trips to the island every week- 
day during the season, from IJiirnham's wharf. On two of her 
daily Irips she makes the circuit of the island, touching at 
Diamond Cove, thus attbrding a delightful excursion to pleasure 
seekers. The time occupied in the passage is from twenty to 
twenty-live minutes. 

At the time of the purchase the name of the island was 
changed from Hog to Diamond Island, and the company is 
known as the Diamond Island Association. 

The island is one of the most beautiful in Casco Bay. Its 
front on "the Roads" presents a precipitous wall to the sea 
crowned by an evergreen growth, and fringed about its base 
with golden sea-weed. In the eastern end are the picturesque 
coves whose wooded retreats afford camping grounds for 
sunmier idlers. The head of Diamond Cove, famous in song 
and story, comes within the purchase of the company. In the 
woods at this end of the island are cliainiiiii:-. eiiil lowered paths, 
where one comes upon many wide-sjjreading beeches. This 
portion of the island has long been the resort of picnic and 
camping parties. 

The high swell of land in the center of the island, long a 
grass field, now dotted with numerous neat cottages, commands 
a wide and beautiful view of the opposite mainland, the sur- 
rounding islands, the cape shore, the liarlior witli its -hipping 
and ever moving panoi-ama of jileasnre steamers and sailing 
crafts and of the city seated on its elevated peninsula. 

The surface of the island is greatly diversified, comprising 

14 



210 



HULL S HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 



deep ravines, rugged elevations commanding extensive views, 
precipitous sea walls and green slopes extending to the shore. 
Its flora coni])rises every variety of forest trees and wild 
flowers. Gunners may be caught from its wharves, and deep 
sea fisliing is not far away. On the whole coast of Maine 
there is not a more charming spot for a summer residence. A 
few cottagers go down as early as April and May, some 
extend their stay to the first of October, but the real pleasure 
season begins with the first of July and ends the middle of 
September. 

The Portland Club, a social, political association has built a 
very line club house on high land opposite the roads. A view 
of it is inserted. 




^MS'^ i "SCSP^cfs^ ^^5 







PORTLAND CLUB HOUSE, Diamond Island. 
HOUSE OR HOWE's ISLAND. 

This is one of the four islands that lie at the entrance to 
the harbor and forms the S. W. boundary to Hog Island Roads. 
It was very early improved for the fishing business, which has 
been continued to this day. In 1663 George Munjoy obtained 
a title to this island, which in 1681 was guaranteed to his 



hull's hand-book op I^ORTLAM). 211 

\vi(l()\v by President Daiitortli. The soutlicrly end ol" ii is hiu'li 
IcUid and Avas pnreliased by the V. S. in 1808 and a wooden 
block lionse erected tlicrc and the Ibrtilication named Fort 
Scanunt'll. Since then it has been greatly enlai-ged and 
strenLLlhcncd and is now (|iiit(' a rnnni(hdth' fortress. 

MACKWORTirs ISLAND. 

This Island lies very near the main shore on Falmonth Fore- 
side. It was granted with tlie land ojjpositc on the main shore' 
to Arthur Mackwortli by Sir F. Gorges in 1634. The name 
was cori'iiiitcil to Mackey's, l)y which it was generally known 
up to tlie present time. About sixty years since it was owned 
by one Raney, or Renny, and for a short time was called by 
that name. It is very pleasantly situated near the mouth of the 
Presumpscot River and commands fine views of Casco Bay, the 
islands and Portland. It lias lately been ])urchased by James P. 
Baxter, who has l)uilt tiiere a fine snmnier residence. A wharf 
has been l)uilt, and a steamer IVom Portland makes three trips 
a day to and fi'DHi the islaml. 

LON(; LSLAND. 

This island is five miles from Portland and lies northeast 
from Peak's from which it is separated by Ilnssey's Sound. 
It was early taken np by John Sears. In 1655 Sears sold it to 
Isaac Walker of Boston, who in 1667 sold it to John ."^niith 
of Boston. In an old map of Casco Bay. ])ublishi'd in 1703, 
it was called Smiths Island. As its name indicates, it is of 
greater length than breadth, presenting a long shore line to 
the inner l)ay. Its outer coast is broken and irregular. A 
beautiful bay on the south side of the island is called Little 
Harbor. The land ai the eastern end is high and wooded. 
Its area is lune hundred and twelve acres, the largest island 
belonging to Portlaiul. Its inlial)itant< are engaged in fanning 
and fishing. 

Within a few years it has come to be quite a summer resort. 
A nuudtei- of cottages have been built, and this season a large 



212 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

number of additional ones are to be constructed. A company 
called the "Fern Park Land Co." — Richard K. Gatlcy, Pres. ; 
George F. Gould, Treas. ; — has purchased a large tract of land 
at the southerly end of the island, which is to be surveyed and 
cut up into cottage lots. The Twenty-ninth Regiment Associ- 
ation M. V. have a memorial building on this island. Two 
wharves have been built, at wliich steamers make numerous 
stops during the day. There is one hotel the Dirigo House^ 
and many restaurants and boarding houses. 

.Jewell's island. 

This is the outermost island in the bay, presenting a long 
sui'face and rock bound shore to old ocean. It contains two 
hundred and twenty-one acres and is ten miles from Portland. 
The name that it bears has existed since its first discovery and 
was given to it on account of iron pyrites which are found there 
and which at times in its history caused the belief that gold 
existed there. Coal and minerals have been mined for, and it 
is one of the current traditions that Capt. Kidd's treasure was 
buried there. 

It was purchased originally of the Indians by Henry Donnell 
in 1658 and used for fishing purposes till 1688, when the 
Indians drove the inhabitants away and it was abandoned. 
Massachusetts then claimed it and deeded it in the general 
grant to Falmouth which granted it to John Tyng, under which 
title it is now held. It has some good harbors and grand coves. 
It is now owned by James McKeen Esq. of New York and 
occupied for a summer residence. A code of signals connecting 
with Portland Observatory gives the occupants communication 
with the outer world. 

HOPE LSLAND. 

This island, although one of the smaller ones of the bay, is 
certainly the most beautiful. It contains thirty acres, 
is seven miles from the city, rises by a gradual incline from 
the water and is crowned with a forest growth, whose dark 




V 






O 

X 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 213 

verdure forms a striking contrast to the lighter vernal shade of 
tlie meadow hinds. It has many Ijeautiful coves and points 
where rare fishing can be luid. It lies opposite the south end 
of Great Cheljcague on the route of the llarpswell and Booth- 
bay steamers, who stop for passengers at its wharf. A comfort- 
able new boarding house and the old farm house comprise the 
buildings on this island. For a quiet retreat freed from noise 
and confusion, and for picnic parties, campers etc., it cannot 
be Surpassed. This island was for many years owned by the 
late Dr. 0. E. Durgin of Portland. It was purchased a few 
years since by Nathan and Henry B. Cleaves, who have made 
many improvements there. 

LITTLE CHEBEAfiUE 

is a an island connected with Great Chebeague by a bar 
which is dry at low water, and passable. Ii is partly in Port- 
land and partly in Cumberland. It contains about seventy-five 
acres. Its original title was after the conveyance by the 
Gorges' heirs in Massachusetts, who in 1682 conveyed it to 
Silvanus Davis, whose legatees sold it to Thomas Westbrook 
and Gen. Waldo. Westbrook's half was conveyed on execution 
to Gen. Waldo and from his heirs it has descended to its present 
owners. This island has on it many attractive features which 
make it a pleasant summer resort. It has a fine beach a mile 
long and affords magnificent views of the bay, mainland and 
Portland in the distance. The Waldo House which is situated 
on it is. next to the Ottawa, the largest in tlio I)ay: well kept 
and finely furnislied, it is a desiralde place for quite rest. 
There are several summer cottages on the island wiiich are 
occupied by families from the city. 

GREAT CHEBEAGUE 

sometimes called Chebiscodego, Chebeag or Jebeag. is, next 
to Great Island, tlie largest in Casco Bay, containing over 
two thousand acres. Tlie first conveyance that we find con- 
ceniintr it is a grant from Georjre Cleeve to Walter Merry. I 



214 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

was subsequently called Merry's Island. In 1675 it was con- 
veyed by Robert Thornton of Camden in New Plymouth to 
Josiah Willes of Boston. In 1680 the three sons of Robert 
Jordan conveyed six hundred and fifty acres of it on the east 
side to Walter Gendall. In 1683 Massachusetts ii'ranted to 
Richard Wharton six hundred and fifty acres on the west side, 
and his administrator, Ephraim Sava-u'e, conveyed the same to 
tlie deacon of the first chuich in Boston for the use of the 
poor, calling the island Chebeag, or Recompense Island, M^iich 
name, however, was not retained. After various conveyances, 
in 1743 it was owned by the first church and Col. Thomas 
AVestbrook, and in tliat year Westbrook's half was sold on 
execution to Samuel and Cornelius Waldo. 

Chebeague Island belongs to the town of Cuml)erland, is 
one of the finest islands in the bay, has quite a large popu- 
lation, two churches and schools, and is inhabited by an indus- 
trious community, mostly farmers and fishermen. A large 
business is done in digging and salting clams for bait. Ten 
thousand barrels a year have been exported from here. This 
island is high land, well wooded, and the views from its heights 
are charming. The islands about it are clustered together, 
shutting in the harbor adjoining, so that it resembles an inland 
lake. The sea view from the south takes in Hope Island, 
Crotch Island, and outside of tliat Jewell's Island the outer 
barrier of all. Some ])leasant coves and quiet retreats are to 
be found on this island. 

It has not heretofore been much patronized by summer 
visitors, but its beauties are beginning to be found out, and now 
the campers and cottagers are increasing. The Harpswell and 
Freeport steamers stop at various points on the island, making- 
it easily accessible. On Deer Point, at the southerly end, is a 
summer cottage owned and occupied by Mrs. M. A. H. Peabody. 
At the point below is the large sunniier hotel kept by Joshua E. 
Jenks, one of the largest in Casco Bay. The scenery about it 
is very attractive, and the facilities for bathing, fishing, etc., 
unsurpassed. This is the only island in the bay that is well 



hull's haxd-book of forti>axd. 215 

provided with i-oads liy wliidi loiiu- di-ivcs can lie had all over 



It. 

HARPSWHLL 



The ioiiu' iM'iiiiisula of Ilarpswell stretches out into the 
ocean. 'J'hcre are also numerous islands which aio iii(duded in 
the town. What is called Harpswell Neck is a narrow strip of 
land extondinu' some twelve miles from Brunswick. At its 
southern end are Potts" llai-lior and Potts' Point, where most 
of the hotels and boarding- houses are situated. Eastward 
of Harpswell .Neck are Bailey's Island and Orr's Island the 
scene of Mrs. Stowe's novel, "The Pearl ot Orr's Island." 
lii'\. Klijah Kellog-ti' in his stories for boys has made Elm 
and other islands here the scene of many incidents. Eastward 
is the lame island called the Great or ^'el»ascode«ran Island, 
the lar|tf;est in Casco Bay, and which is bounded on the east by 
New ^feadows River with numerous islands. 

These waters and these islands with their many coves and 
bays are destined to make this town a famed watering: place. 
Visitors are Ijeginning to lind out the beauties ol" this locality, 
and lots are being taken up, and cottages lieing built. This 
town is said to have more sea coast than any State on the 
Atlantic coast except the State of Maine, and a glance at the 
ma]) that accompanies this work will nud<e this evident. The 
line of steanu'rs from Portland umkes two trips daily to Potts' 
Harbor, and one a day lo liaileys an<l Orr's Island. One 
ht)ur and a hall" is occupied in the passage, during whieh some 
of the most pictures(pie land and water views of Casco Bay 
delight the eye. Rev. Elijah Kellogg, the author of uuuiy of 
the tales connected with the legends of these islands, still 
resides here in the north jiart of the town. Whittier in on«^ of 
his poems, -The Dead of Ship of Harpswell," has jircservcd in 
legend the names of some of these islands. 

The piinei|ial hotels are at the Neck and are the .Nfericoneag 
House. Lawson House. Alexander House. Uaipswell House. 
Sea View Cottage, (Jrand ^"iew House. Moise Ilon-e. ^fan^ion 



216 • hull's hand-book op Portland. 

House and others, at which summer visitors can be accom- 
modated with board at reasonable rates. Saloons and bowling 
alleys furnish refreshments and amusement to excursion parties. 
One of the institutions here is the Auburn colony, so called 
which consist of families from Auburn and Lewiston, who 
occupy some thirty cottages, all alike and arranged in a semi- 
circle on high land fronting the bay. Orr's Island has 
Sinnett's and Coombs' boarding houses. At Cundiz Point on 
Great Island there are a few houses which accommodate 
boarders. 

EXCURSIONS IN CASCO BAY. 

The routes of the various lines of steamers that run from 
Portland to different points, afford to the visitor to Portland 
most pleasing excursions. About ten steamers are constantly 
running. Peak's, Diamond and Cushing's Islands from their 
proximity to the city attract the large majority of pleasure 
seekers. The steamers on this route leave from Custom House 
and Burnham's wharves, and their times table may be seen in 
their advertisements. 

Leaving Custom House wharf, the steamer moves out into 
the stream. The shore opposite is Cape Elizabeth, and the 
village there is now named South Portland. Two Ferry lines 
give freiiuont trips. As we go down the harbor the city with 
its wharves, shipping, tall spires of churches, the gilded dome of 
the City Hall, and the two hills at the extremities of the city 
rise from the waters. We soon come to the breakwater, 
which extends out from the Cape Elizabeth shore for the 
protection of the harbor in southeasterly gales. A small, iron 
lighthouse on its extremity flashes at night a red light. We 
are now opposite the entrance to the harbor. Fort Preble, 
named for the Commodore, and Fort Scammel on House Island 
opposite, old style fortifications, command the entrance to the 
harbor at this point. From here on the left the view reaches 
far down the bay, taking in Falmouth Foreside, Cumberland^ 
Yarmouth, Freeport and some of the principle islands of the 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. li 1 7 

bay. opposite looms up IVoin the water the massive fortress 
of Fort Gorges. The steamer then runs between Little 
Diamoiul nud House Islands and makes the landinir at Peak's 
Island. < )th( r steamers stop at Little Diamond, Great Diamond 
and 'rrclci hen's and Evergreen landings on Peak's Island. 
Another steamer makes frequent trips to Cushing's Island. 
The steamers to Long Island continue on down the roads 
between Diamond and Peak's Islands, across Ilussey's Sound 
where is experienced the heavy swell from tlie Atlantic, 
makinii' the boat roll and tremble for a short time ; then the 
steamer lands its passengers at the whaives. If the steamer is 
bountl for Harpswell, she continues on aionti' the inner shore 
of Long Island, then steams across j:o Little Chebeague, leaving 
passengers for the AValdo House, then turning round crosses 
the bay and stops at Uo\)G Island ; thenee she sails to Great 
Chebeague, making a landiiii;- at the point whei-e Jenk's Hotel 
is situated: thence to a landing at the eastern end of Great 
Chebeague; thence through the inside passages, of intricate and 
dangerous navigation, to Potts' Harbor on Harpswell Neck ; 
thence round Potts' Point, between that and Haskell's I.-land, 
to Bailey's and Orr's Island. 

The sail down the bay by the inner ])assage is very fiu(>. A 
line of steamers leaves Burnham's wliaii'l'or .Maekworth's Island. 
Falmouth Foreside and Piinces Point in '^'armouth. Leaving 
the wharf the steamer keeps down the hailior. by the whai-ves, to 
the east e.xtrennty ni' Munjoy Hill, by Pomroy's rock, on ai-ross 
the bay to Mackwcu-th's Island, wliieii lies near the l''alinouili 
shore and is tiie summer residence of .bimcs P. I>axter. Thence 
the steamer nuikes a landing at Falmouth Foi-e>ide. thenee on 
to Prince's Point in ^'armoutli. a new and eliarniin'^- loealily for 
summer residences. 

The Freeport line of steamers continues the .-ame route to 
Falmouth Foreside. sails thence along the shore to Cousin's 
Island, thence to Littlejolm's Island, making a landini:- there at 
Soule's wharf, thence across over to (jreat Chel>eague Island 
and thence by the Moshiers Islands up Freeport bay to the 



218 hull's HxVnd-book op Portland. 

village of South Freeport. Daring the island season the large 
steamers of tlie Casco Bay Company make weekly sails through 
the various channels and routes of Casco Bay, and these 
excursions are very enjoyable. There is generally a band 
of music on the boat which adds in a great measure to the plea- 
sure of the sail. 

C:APE ELIZABETH. 

This ancient town which adjoins Portland was originally 
part of Casco or Falmouth, from which it was set oif in 1765 
The tirst settlements of whites was at Richmond's Island in 
1628 l)y Walter Bagnal, who was killed by the Indians in 1631. 
Two months after his death a grant was made by the council of 
Plymouth to Robert Trelawney and Moses Goodyeare of this 
island and all of the present town of Ca]»e Elizabeth. 

Cleeve and I'uckcr who in 1630 had settled at the mouth of 
the Spurwink River opposite, were in 1632 ousted from their 
possessions by John Winter the agent of Trelawney. After 
the death of Jolni Winter his son-in-law, Robert Jordan, was 
appointed administrator, and through the aid of the courts then 
existing in Alaine obtained judgments against the Trelawney 
estate ; all the estate, lands, etc., were awarded to Robert 
Jordan to secure the payment of a claim which Winter's estate 
had upon Trelawney. This was never redeemed and all the 
town of Cape Elizabeth became the propei'ty of Roljert Jordan 
and is now held under that title. Robert Jordan was an 
Episcopal clergyman and the ancestor of nearly all of that 
name in this county. 

Cape Elizabeth suffered severely by the Indian wars. Its 
people were driven away and their homes left desolate. Its 
inlialntants were always a hardy, industrious race, mostly sea- 
faring men and farmers. Its soil is good, and now the prin- 
cipal agricultural industry is market gardening. One of the 
most prominent of the older citizens was Col. Ezekiel Cashing, 
Avho died in 1763, aged 67. He lived at what is now called 
Simonton's Cove and carried on there a laro-e commercial 






hull's hand-book of PORTI.AN'K. liH) 

business. His second wile was a daugliter ol J>i»iiiiiii(us Jordan. 
His descendants over the country are numerous. 

Cape Kli/.;ilM'lli has ;il\\ays liccii a \eiT altractive summer 
resort. Bet'orc I In' aihnir of hotels and summer hoarding 
houses its old. plain I'ann lioiises alonu' the seaside in the 
suiiiiiicr niniitlis acconmjodated summer hoarders. Since its 
capal^ilities in that , direction have increased and its natural 
beauties have betiun to be appreciated, summer visitors, campers, 
and cottau'e residents are constantly increasini^. Its situation 
on the sea, its rock b()und coasts, — a l)arri('r to the Atlantic 
waves — its many coves and (luiet retreats, its beaches and 
l)leasant drives make it the most attractive of any of the 
suliui'bs of I'ortland. Portland's residents with those from 
other cities are constantly buying land and building cottages. 

Its permanent population is increasing. South Portland, 
formerly Ferry Village, ojtposite Portland, is growing to be a 
village of great importance. Two steam fcii'v lines give 
speedy communication with the city. Willard, near Simonton's 
Cove, is a village occupied lai-gely by those who do business on 
the great deep. In the summer many visitors are entertained 
in jirivate boarding houses. Knightvillc and Tuniei'"s Island 
are villages of ini])ortance. Ligonia lion Works and other 
industries, sustain (jtute a ]iopnlation. 

Tlic two principal liotcis for summer visitors are the Cape 
Cottage, four miles from Poilland. neai' Torthnul Light, kept 
by li. C. (Jiiison, and the Ocean House at ]>owery Ueach. near 
the Ca]>e Lights, nine miles from the city. 1>. K. l»i-e>-i'i-. 
proprietor. 

One of the clubs of Portland that annually visit the shores of 
Cape Pli/abcth is -'riie \'eteran Cunner Association and 
PK^pelJcr Club." organi/.c(l as a social, nmsical and ii>hiic^' clul> 
August "), iM-to. Since that time, it has never failed, -rain or 
shine,"' to celebrate its anniversary on the first Tuesday of 
August at the sea shore. They have erected a beautiful com- 
modious cottage at Long Point, beyond P(ind Cove, which is 
at the disposal of the meuibei's for their private use when 



220 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

not occupied by the club on their regular excursion days or 
anniversary. The officers are Edward P. Staples, Commissary ; 
Convers 0. Leach, Secretary. 

PLEASURE DRIVES. 

Cape Elizabeth has good roads and many beautiful drives. 
One of the finest is that by the shore road round the Cape aad 
on to Fronts Neck. In early days this was the route to Boston 
wlien travelers on horseback kept along the shore, crossing the 
mouths of the rivers by ferries. Crossing Portland Bridge we 
have a fine view of the harbor, wharves, shipping and the islands 
down the l)ay. On the right at the end of the bridge is the 
Portland Dry Dock, one of the largest in the United States. 
Passing througli the village of Knightville and taking the left 
hand road past tlie school house, we find ourselves ascending 
Meeting House Hill, the highest land in the town, the summit 
of which commands a fine view of Portland and the surrounding 
country. Here is the North Congregational Church, which 
occupies the site of the first meeting house, built in 1734. 
The graveyard adjoining contains the graves of the fathers of 
the town. Riding on to tlie left we come into the road 
bordering on the entrance to the harbor and in view of the 
islands of Casco Bay. Fort Preble and Simonton's Cove with 
its fishing boats, and the village of Willard at tlie head of the 
cove are on the left. Cushing's Island is opposite and here is 
a fine view of the entrance to the harbor, passing vessels and 
steamers, and the outer islands. Coming back to the main 
road we drive on and pass some fine summer cottages which 
skirt along the shore between Willard and Pond Cove belong- 
ing to Philip H. Brown, George S. Hunt, George F. Morse, 
Henry and Prentiss Loring, Henry St John Smith, William 
H. Clifford, Charles F. Libby, William P. Goss, Charles A. 
Brown, E. B. Dennison, F. M. Houghton, A. L. Millett and 
others. A short distance beyond we come to the entrance to 
Cape Cottage, a sea side hotel and one of the finest situations 
on the cape. Adjoining it is the square stone house of the late 



hull's hand-book OV PORTLAND. 221 

Col. .Inliii (Iddihiid. \(';ii- liy is tlic iK'W liattciT on Portlaiiil 
Head. Tliis point is at the entrance to the ship channel. 

On a liold ]irontnntofy wliicli runs oft" into the sea i.s situated 
roitlaiid Liiilit. Ill storms llic s(\a rolls nia.u'nificcntly over the 
rocks. tliiDW iiiLi iIm' spray as hiuii as the top ol' the Light. 
Parties, alter a heavy gale, drive out here to witness the magnifi- 
ceut spectacle. It is dangerous to tio too near as a few years 
since two coachnicn who ha<l driven parties out were swept 
away by an overwhelming wave and perished. We now come 
to Pond Cove, and the land adjoiniriu' it on the road over 
which we have passed is heing largely Imilt upon for summer 
cottages. A further lide of a few iiiiles beyond Pond Cove 
the road leaves the shore and turns to the west through some 
of the farming portion of the town, by old homes and green 
fields. A drive of a few miles brings us to the road leading 
to the Cape Lights, known as the Two Lights. These light- 
houses are built of iron, painted brown, fifty-three feet high, 
one hundred and forty-three feet above the IcatI of the .sea. 
One of the towers shows a revolving liLiht and one a fixed light. 
There is also a fog signal, and near by is the life-saving station 
estal)lished in 1S8T. A splendid view of the ocean is had from 
this point. Five hundred sail of vessels in sight have been 
counted at one time from the top of these towers. This is a 
favorite place foi- pienie parties from the city, who drive out 
here in ean-iages and jdeasure Avagons and enjoy feasting on 
fresh eunners caiiLilit iVoiii the rocks. Arrangements can be 
made for the care of horses. A sliort <listancc from here and 
by a return to the main road we come to the Ocean House, a 
large hotel by the shores of a cove that is opposite Richmond's 
Island. This house is finely kept by D. E. Dresser. It will 
accommodate one hundred and fifty boarders and is well j)atron- 
izcd by American and Canadian fainili<>s. Returning to the 
road from the Oecan House we di-ive on havinir line views of 
the ocean and Richmond's Island, and in a few miles cross the 
Spurwink River and come to the Spurwink House, a favorite 
resort for gunners and fishermen, as in the season game aliounds 



222 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

and good fishing is to be had here. We next come to Higgin's 
Beach, Scarboro Beacli and Front's Neck. These phxces are 
all described in the article on Scarboro. 

Another fine drive from Portland to this vicinity is to 
conthiue on direct to the junction of the three roads near the 
F. W. Baptist Church instead of going up Meeting House Hill 
from Knightville. There the right hand road continues on 
to Spurwink corner and on the former route to Front's Neck, 
and the left hand road goes to the Ocean House, Cape Lights, 
etc., connecting with the previous road at the school house at 
the top of the hill. 

SCARBOROUGH. 

BY AUGUSTUS F. MOULTON. 

Scarborougli, a town somewhat hilly in the interior, has a 
shore frontage of about six miles extending from the Spurwink 
river, which separates it from Cape Elizabeth on the east to the 
Old Orchard line on the west. Its principal places of summer 
resort are Higgins Beach, Scarborough Beach, Fronts Neck 
and Fine Foint. Access to the three first named places is had 
by coaches from Scarboro Beach station on Western Division, 
Boston & Maine Railroad, or from Scarboro (Oak Hill) station 
on the Eastern Division. 

Higgins Beach has a numerous summer colony of cottages. 
Near by on the western bank of the Spurwink George Mitchell 
has a picnic grove. The Spurwink clam bakes are famous, and 
this is a place of pilgrimage for those who wish to partake of 
the "succulent Scarboro clam" upon its own domain. 

At Scarboro Beach are tlie Atlantic House kept by S. B. 
Gunnison and the Kirkwood kept by Otis Kaler. Both of 
these are large and well appointed hotels. The grounds are 
extensive, with sliady groves in rear and fine hard beaches in 
front. It is patronized largely by people from the Western 
and Middle States who come here for a couple of months of 
leisure and recreation. A})art from the natural beauties of the 
place it has many points of historical interest. This region 
was the old town of "Black Fovnt" and began to be settled 







yV<,c^, 



HULLS HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. •_"J.) 

soon al'tcr the hiiiiliiiL;' ;it rivmoiitli. A -Imi-t ilistancc titwan.l 
tlie west, betwuen -Mooi-.^ l>rook" and ••.Ma.ssacre Pond," can be 
seen the outlines of the old Ibrt built under Scottow's direction 
in 1681 lor better defence against the Indians than could be 
afforded by the scattered -iiarrison houses." The pond near 
by was originally called the (rreat Pond. Near its western 
end in ITl.l two hundi-ed Indians lying' in ainl)ush suddenly fell 
uiMiii IJichaid iluuiiiwi'll. tiie (•ch'l)rated Indian KiHcr. and nine- 
teen companions who were jjassing, unsuspicious and unarmed. 
The whole company with a sinu'le exception were slain, and 
since then it has liornc its present lunne of '-'Massacre Pond.'' 
Before this time, in IGTT. near VVinnock's Xeck, some tu-o 
miles away, Capt. JiJcnJ. Sweet fought one of the bloodiest of 
all the colonist's l)attles with tiie Indians. Taken by suri)rise 
and overwjielnicd liy nuiubcrs. the conniiander and two-thirds of 
his force fell in the desjierate and unsuccessful struggle. 

Prouts or Liljbys Neck abont a mile from Scarboro Beach 
is one of the most beautiful i)laces on the beautiful coast of 
Maine. The Checkely House is the largest hotel there witli 
the West Point second. Guests lind good accommodations at 
the Ocean Cottage of J. ^I. Kaler and tlie boarding houses of 
Eben Seavey, Phebe Lil)i)y and others. People from Phila- 
delphia. Brooklyn. Boston and elsewhere have Imilt line cottages 
here. Winslow Ilomei', the well-known Xew York artist, has 
his summer studio at Prouts and Old Trinity has there built 
an Episcopal chapel. 

The Neck is one of the histoi'ic places of this coast. 
Thomas Canunock. ne|tli('W of the Earl of Warwick, olttained 
it by gi-ant frnni the council of Plymouth Nov. 1. 1 ().",]. It 
has subse(piently l>een owned by ibniy .locclyn. Alexander 
Kirkwood, the Prouts and the Libbys. The ohl garrison stood 
upon the bank between the West Point and (^heckely Houses, 
This little fort witiistood several noted sieges. In I ()"('> it was 
assailed l»y Mogg Heigon, Whit tier's ^logg Megone, and while 
the mild commander -grev Jocelyn " was jtarleying with Mogg. 
the settlers thinking their commander meant to suirender took 



224 hull's handbook op Portland. 

to their boats and left Ijotli fort and Jocelyn in the hands of 
the foe. The next winter Mogg made peace and gave up the 
fort, but in May he was back again with war paint on. In the 
assault then made he was himself killed. Recently Indian 
remains have been found near "tlie willows" arranged in a 
circle around one, doubtless a chief, adorned with copper breast- 
plate and festoons of beads and wampum. These remains are 
thought to be those of Mogg and his warriors who fell in that 
attack. The place where the Indians dug into the bank in an 
attempt to undermine the fort is still plainly to l)e seen. This 
was in 1703. The besieging force consisted of about five 
hundred Indians with French allies led by one Beaubasin a 
Frenchman. The defenders were only eight in number under 
Capt. Jolm Larrabee. Charles Pine, the Indian Fighter, was 
also there and each one of the defenders was a host. A. heavy 
rain caused the top of the mine to fall and the Indians dis- 
heartened withdrew and left the brave little garrison un- 
harmed. 

Pine Point is the eastern extremity of the wonderful beach 
that extends in crescent curve from Scarborough river to Saco 
river. It is convenient of access from the Pine Point station 
on the Western Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad. 
Here is a settlement of red roofed and gaily painted summer 
cottages with a considerable number of permanent residences. 
Mrs. Rose Hooper keeps a choice boarding house. The Pine 
Point House of M. F. Millikeu offers stabling and entertain- 
ment. I. W. Pillsbury keeps the Sportsman's House a choice 
resort for gunners and excursion parties. The beach toward 
Old Orchard has lately been christened Grand Beach, and the 
pleasant settlement there has a summer railroad station of its 
own. Pine Point with the ocean in front, the river in rear and 
shady trees between has a variety of attractions. 

This Point was the home in the early days of Charles Pine 
the hunter and Indian fighter and should properly be called 
Pine's Point. On the opposite beach he shot the Indian who 
was dancing and insulting the distant garrison. Up the river 



?o .-^i C\ Oy s\ i;^ j^ ^ 







I 



HULLS IIANU-BOOK OF POIITLA.N'D. 2'!:) 

nwtr Wiiiiiock's Xcck lie kill('(l [wo Indian-, at a sin<i;lc shot, on 
each occasion being" alone against a score ol' savages. 

Blue Point flill just shoreward IVoni Pine Point offers a 
view that is iinsur|)assefl. Xear liy is Dinistan whose '-landing," 
now almost deserted, is said to have excelled Portland in the 
days when linnlicr was tlic great staple of coiumerce. There 
by the great elm is still standing part oi" the house where 
William King, Maine's first governor, was born. Xear by are 
the elm trees which maik the early home of Rufus King, United 
States minister to England, occupied later by Dr. Robert South- 
gate, the father of Eliza Southgate Bowne whose letters in 
Scribner's Monthly last year told of -'A Girl's Life Eighty Years 
Ago." Fartliei- inland rises Scottow's Hill and the Beech 
Ridges along the Nonsuch river l)anks, within whose shades 
when the yellow leaves of autumn have begun to fall is found 
'•Paradise"' with walks and walls of golden foliage. 

DRIVES. 

A ph.'asant (lri\e from Portland to Scarboro Beaches and 
Front's Neck is to cross Vaughan's Bridge and continue on to 
Oak Hill, thence turn to the left, crossing the Nonsuch and 
Libby rivers, to the beaches and Prout's Neck. The distance 
by this route from Portland is eleven miles. 

OLD orchai;d 

.1. C. M. FUIIBISII. ^ 

is in Saco Bay one hundred miles east from Boston and fifteen 
miles west from Portland on the line of the Boston & Elaine 
Railroad. The bay extends into the land about three miles. 
The central portion is caihMl Old ()rcliard Beai-h. From 
Goose Fair Brook to the Saco Jviver, which was formerly 
known as Ferry Beach, is now called West Old Orchard and 
Bay View: but the whole shore is known as Old Orchard, from 
the Saco to the Dunstan River, and has a continuous, level, 
hard sand beach for six miles, with a breadth at low water of 
over three hundred feet. This now famed sea-side resort was 

15 



226 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

first settled in 1633 by Richard Bonython. In the summer of 
1638 Thomas Rogers came here and built farm buildings and 
planted an orchard. This orchard was on the land now 
occupied by the Old Orchard House. It remained for more 
than a century and so the place was known by the name of Old 
Orchard. Owing to the long continuance of Indian wars the 
settlement did not thrive, but after peace was established new 
settlers arrived and many valuable farms were cultivated. 

Old Orchard was formerly a suburb of Saco. lu 1883 it 
was made a separate town and now has a permanent population 
of over eight hundred people. The first settlers for miles 
around were in the habit of coming to this beach annually on 
the 26th of June to bathe, as the waters were thought to l)e 
"troubled"' and whoever went into the water would be healed. 
This day is now kept as a holiday and is the opening day of 
the season. In 1820 Mr. William Scammon, a grandson of 
Rev. John Fairfield first minister of Saco, moved to Old 
Orchard and opened the Fairfield residence for transient guests. 
This house was the first public house opened and was situated 
on the site of the Old Orchard House. It has been moved 
down near the beach, is over 100 years old and is known as 
Camp Comfort. Ned Clemmens, familiarly known to the earlier 
visitors as the liermit, came here in 1851 and built a small 
cottage on the beach near the lot now occupied by the Sea 
Shore House. He called it the "Old Orchard Retreat," and 
furnished pleasure parties for several summers with clam 
chowder and fish dinners; he also furnished bathing suits to his 
guests. This was the first restaurant on the beach. 

In the year 1837 several persons requested Mr. E. C. Staples 
to take them into his farm house and provide them with board 
during the summer. Mr. Staples' guests so increased that he 
made additions to his buildings until he had a large hotel with 
accommodations for three hundred boarders. It was destroyed 
by fire July 21, 1875. The present elegant hotel was erected in 
1876 and has accommodations for five hundred guests. There 
are now over thirty hotels and many boarding houses which 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 227 

liavc been built since the ojteniiiLj: of the Boston and Maine 
Raili'oad in 1S73. 

()hl Orchard is destined to be the most popular sea-side 
resort in America. Its l)each is unsurpassed and there is no 
danirerous undertow and no quiclcsand. The water is much 
warmer than at many other summer resorts owing to tlie hirge 
expanse of beach where the sun has heated the sand at low 
tide. 

Besides the advantages that are admitted to l)e unequaled 
by the possession of such a magnificent beach, Old Orchard 
has many niorc natural attractions which have been instrumental 
in makiiiir ir one of" the most fashionable and best [lati'onized 
summer resorts. There are many l)eautiful places of historic 
and romantic interest to visit in its immediate vicinity. 

Fern Park, one-quarter of a mile from the station, is one of the 
most delightfid groves of pines in New England. This park 
■was laid out under the immediate supervision of Mi-. Albert H. 
Bull, who was a regular visitor at the Old Orchard House for 
seventeen years. Mr. E. C. Staples is now proprietor of the 
park and takes great pride in keeping the walks and avenues in 
good condition. The cascade two and one-half miles distant is 
well worth a visit, and is nmch frequented by all lovers of 
grand iiatiiial scenery. Ferry Beach Park distant one and one 
half miles, is a magnificent jiark of ninety acres. 

A great deal has been done b}' the Boston <fe Maine Ixailroad 
to attract touiists and excursion parties. 

One of the most delightful ways of passing a day is to take 
a trip on the Orchard Beach Railroad to the Saco River and 
take the steamer S. E. Spring for Biddeford Pool. On the 
trip one has fine views of the granil old ocran. and enjoys cool, 
refreshing breezes in the hottest weather. There is also a 
lovely drive to Pine Point two and a half miles distant, either 
by carriage' road or beach. 

The grounds of the Methodist Camp Meeting Association, 
situated in a grand grove of stately pines in the highlands one- 
third of a mile from the post-office, are tastefully laid out and 



228 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

neatly kept, llieir auditorium has a seating capacity of 7,500. 
Several camp meetings are held dui-ing the summer. 

At Ocean Park, distant one mile and a quarter, the Free 
Baptists have their annual camp meetings. They have 
purchased a large grove, laid out avenues and streets, erected a 
very fine octagonal shaped temple and built many fine cottages 
in this beautiful grove. Their camj) meetings are held in 
August and continue twenty-thiee days. The Beach Railroad 
stops at this station each trip to leave or take passengers. 

Facilities are given for yachting or deep sea fishing by com- 
modious and staunch yachts that are ready at any time to take 
out parties. 

Since Old Oi'chard became incorporated as a town a perfect 
system of sewerage has been established. The Old Orchard 
Water Company have laid seven miles of iron pij^ing through 
the principal avenues and streets and are now supplying the 
hotels and other buildings with clear water. 

There is an organized fire department with a steam fire 
engine and an ample supply of hose. 

Grand Avenue is now laid out from Ocean Park to the 
Scarboro line and is a most desiral)le thoroughfiire tin-ough (he 
entire length of the town. 

The Boston & Maine Railroad Company have had a delightful 
park laid out in front of their station, with a handsome iron 
fence around it, and are making many other improvements in 
and around their station which will be of great benefit and 
convenience to citizens and tourists. 

The Biddeford, Saco & Old Orchard Horse Railroad 
Company expect to have their road in operation by July 1st. 

Sunday Services. The Episcopalians have a fine chapel, "St. 
John's by the Sea," situated near the Old Orchard House. 
The Adventists have a meeting house a few rods distant. 
The Methodists have services in their church edifice when not 
holding meetings in the grove. The Free Will Baptists hold 
meetings in their temple at Ocean Park. During the season 
Roman Catholic services are held at Porter's Hall. 










?' 






Vi 




"SSu.-.- 




^'El>- 



230 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

DEERING. 

Adjoining Portland and connected with it by two bridges 
and several roads is the town of Deering, so named for a 
prominent family that long resided there. Deering is a part of 
the old town of Westbrook, from which it was set off in 1870, 
and was originally a part of Falmouth. It contains ten villages 
named as follows : Deering Point, Oak Dale, Woodfords, 
Deering Center, Morrill's Corner, Allen's Corner, Lunt's Corner, 
East Deering, Stroudwater and Libby's Corner. The town has 
a population of over 5,000. It has a good school system, 
including a high school, and seven churches, viz : three Congre- 
gational, one Methodist, one Universalist, one Roman Catholic, 
one Friends ; one institute, Westbrook Seminary, which is under 
the direction of the Universalist denomination. Connnunica- 
tions are furnished by tlie Grand Trunk, Maine Central, 
Portland & Rochester, Portland & Ogdensburg Railroads. 
Two lines of horse-cars, one from Portland to Morrill's 
Corner, three miles, and a bi'anch line extending from Wood- 
fords to Lunt's Corner, one mile, give frequent communication 
with the city. 

Some very fine drives are to be had in this town. One is to 
go out of Portland over Back Cove Bridge round the cove by 
Ocean street and back to the city over Deering Bridge, a ride 
of about four miles, and a fine view of the city and its suburbs 
is obtained. Another pleasure route is by carriages or horse- 
cars from the head of Preble street. Passing through Portland 
and Green streets and crossing the bridge we come to the village 
of Deering Point. This place is growing rapidly and has many 
handsome houses. Here are situated the works of the Portland 
Stone Ware Company, one of Portland's principal industries. 
The road that leads to the left over the hill passes by the old 
Deering mansion, which can be seen at a short distance and is 
now occupied by some of the members of that family. We 
next come to the village of Oak Dale, which has sprung up 
within a few years on part of the old Deering farm. The 
elegant mansion of Wm. W. Brown is to be seen off to the 



hull's hand-book op PORTr.AND. 231 

riu'lit. till' i(>;i(l to it leading tlirougli a <rrovc of trees. Next 
adjoiniiiii' is the resilience of J. S. Rickcr. situated in the middle 
of extensive uToiuids. The scpiare. hnndsonie niansion next 
l>eyond. suiToundi'iJ liy trees and shidtbery, is the foi'iner 
residence of the hite Capt. J. I>. Cojle. It is now kept as a 
sunnner boarding house, under the name of "f)akla\vn."' We 
now come to the principal village in the town, Woodfords, 
ikiiihmI lor one of the old families who lived here. The Maine 
Central and Portland A' liocliester Railroads have stations here. 
This village has many handsome houses and pleasant residences 
occupied mostly 1<\' those whose daily business is in Portland. 
Some of the old square houses with large chimneys are inter- 
esting relics of the jtast. Up Spring street a short distance is 
the Congreu'ational elnircli with a tall spire and fine bell. 
FollowiiiLi' the liiii' of the Iloise Raili'oad we turn up Pleasant 
street opjiositc the M. C Railroad station. On the corner is 
the new M. E. ehureh. called the Clark Memorial Church. 
Pleasant street is liued on both sides with line dwellings, 
abundant grounds and shady trees. At the head of the street 
is the village of Deering Center. Here ai-e the two principal 
schooldiouses of the town. Crannnar and High .Schools. We 
are now on what was form<M-ly named Stevens' Plains. A short 
distance beytmd we come to Smith's woods, a grove of some 
thirty acres, in which was situated the uni(|iie niansion of the 
late F. < >. ,1. Smith. This pi-operty is now owned by Jame.s P. 
Baxter. The ohl house has been removed, trees cut down, 
streets laid out and houses built. A ]»ortion of the northern i)art 
of the estate has been sold to the Roman Catholics, who have 
liuilt a wooden chapel and two hii'Lic brick buililiic^- called St. 
Josephs Home for Aged and Convalescent women. At the left 
we come tft Evergreen Cemetery, Poi'tland's principal suburban 
place of biiiial. (See page 47). 

The broad avenue over which we pass is sjiadcd with 
maples and elms, and has graveled side walks liordereil with 
old fashioneil wooden houses as well as those of modern style. 
The principal ornament is .Ml Souls Church, liiiversalist. of 



■•^K 



^M^ 






■mn 







'"-3' f'^ ^1^ 1 'Cff'^ — -uimjiiii I irt3 



^,^^<i:!?sx\'k. (;.\^<u\? 



VIEW IX EVEKGUEKX <EMETEUY. 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 238 

the <i"<)tliic .style. 1 milt in 1><GT. Adjoining" tlie eliuix-li Jire tlie 
extensive grounds of the Westbrook Seminary. 

A short distance beyond is a neat wooden chuieh built in 
18s7, named the Fi'ee Church. Driving' further on we reach 
the end of the hoise railroad line at Morrill's Corner which is 
a thriving- village three miles from Portland. Here one road 
branches oil' to Aliens Corner and Prescumpscot Falls in 
Falmouth and the main road continues on to Prides Bridge, 
Windham, etc. 

A very fine drive from here is to continue on the Windham 
road, cross the Presumpscot at Pride's Bridge, thence to the / / 
foot of Duck I'ond. along by the road on the right that skirts 
its shores and up over the steep ascent to the liigh land called 
Blackstrap Hill. This is the highest land in the vicinity of 
Portland and from it you obtain fine views of Portland, the 
Islands, the Sea, Casco Bay, Cumberland, Yarmouth and other 
villages, and when it is clear the White Mountain range is 
distinctly visible. Keturning you descend the hill through a 
Vjeautifnl grove of pine trees, tlie aromatic odors of which fill 
the air. At the foot of the hill we come to the village of West 
Falmouth. Fj-om here, if you wish to prolong your drive, you 
can continue on to Cumberland Center and Yarmouth and by 
the shore road (Falmouth Foreside ) into Portland. Or from 
West Falmouth there are two or three other roads leading to the 
city. Wc consider this drive to Blackstrap as one of tlie finest 
rides aliout Poithmd and one which would be greatly enjoyed 
by visitors. 

Another fnie drive in Deering is to go out to Lii>liy"s corner 
at the west end of the city, thence to Stroudwater village, cross 
the biidLH' and turning to the h'ft iro n\> the hill and continue 
on the road by the Reform School to the Scarboro road and so 
baek to the city by Vaughans Brirltre. .lust l»eyond Stroud- 
watei- is an iuterestinir old building known as the "Broad 
Tavern." This tavern was liuilt in 1780 when all travel to and 
from Portsmouth aufl Boston passed by its doors. It was 
for years the jirincipal place of entertainment for sleigh ride 



234 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

parties out of Portland. The old house contains many relics 
of furniture and old ware which it would be interesting to stop 
and examine. 

FALMOUTH. 

The town of Falmouth adjoins Deering on the east. This 
name was originally given to the territory now included in five 
towns, viz : Cape Elizabeth, Portland, Deering, Westbrook and 
Falmouth. Town after town was set off, so that of the origi- 
nal territory but this small town, bearing the original name, 
remains. It is mainly an agricultural town fronting on Casco 
Bay. Its ancient history is that of old Falmouth. 

It is getting to be a place of importance as a summer resort. 
That portion of the town which adjoins the sea-side has 
numerous advantages in this direction which are beginning to 
be appreciated. Its shores and coves are being sought out by 
those who enjoy fine scenery and cool breezes. 

A very beautiful drive is over what is called the Falmouth 
Foreside road to Cumljerland, Yarmouth, etc. Starting from 
Portland we pass along Washington street, not the most 
attractive portion of the city. At the left the view of 
Back Cove, Deering and the villages and farms about Portland 
is pleasing. We cross Back Cove Bridge and come to the 
village of East Deering which was formerly a place actively 
engaged in ship building. That having declined, it is now an 
attractive place of residence for those doing l)usincss in the 
city. An onniibus makes fre(pient daily trips to and from 
Portland. Turning the Verandah road (so called), on the right 
we pass many fine residences and cross the over-head bridge of 
the Grand Trunk Railroad which has a station here. Soon we 
come to the U. S. Marine Hospital, a finely proportioned 
building of stone and brick situated on a high site Avhich 
overlooks the city, harbor, islands and bay. The grounds 
about are very attractive and furnish ample space for the 
recreation of the hospital inmates. The Martin's Point Bridge 
here spans the entrance of Presumpscot Bay. connecting the 
two opposite shores. On the Falmouth side of the bridge is 



hull's hand-book of PORTLAND. 235 

the tci-rilorv iirst settled liy Artliiir .Mnrkwoitli in 1 ().->'J, who 
luiilt ;i house on this point. This ti;icl (if hunl, li\(' hmidred 
acres, and the island opposite "svas uianted to him l)y Sir F. 
Gorges. He was a prominent man servint^; as a magistrate for 
many years. A short distance from here we ascend a hill on 
the slope of which is tlir old Falnioiilh luirial ui'oinid whci'e 
rest the rcinaiiis <il' many ol' the ancient sctth-rs. From the 
top of ihc hill and alonii' the road which runs on tlic ridge a 
short distance from tiie shoi'e, we have many heautilid views. 
(Jif the point that we have Just passed is Mackworth's Island, 
a little beyond are two islands called the -The Brothers"' and 
on the point ol'land opposite is the site of the fort erecte(l about 
ten years after tiie destruction of Falmouth Neck and Fort Loyal 
in 1690. At this fort in 170.'> a conference was held by Gov. 
Dudley with representative chiefs ol" various Indian tribes. avIio 
came well armcil and u'aily painte(l. 'I'liey \vei'(! accompanied 
by about two hundred and sixty-live warriors in sixty-live canoes. 
In 1703 the fort was attacked by five hundred French and 
Indians and came very near being captured, when it was relieved 
by an ai'iniMl pi-o\incial vessel whose sliot scattered the Indian 
canoes and compelled the enemy to retreat. This Ibrt was 
demolishcfl in ITUi. f)n the point where this fort was situated 
is the summei" residence of Judge Goddaid. and I'arlhcr up the 
cove is the fme mansion of .bihn Mar-hall Ibown. ('rossing 
Mill Creek, on which is a tide mill which \\a< Iirst built in 1740, 
on the rii:lii a little retired from the road is ihe (degant estate, 
])artly on the ci-e(jk and partly on the bay, owned by .1. Hopkins 
8nHth. ()n it is an (degant suuuner mansion, uniipie and 
charming. The road wav to it is windiim. there is a rustic 
l)ridge and the lawn is fresh and smooth. Not I'ar from the 
creek is the preitv home and 'grounds which have grown up 
under the care cd' Mrs. .lohn W. Dana. We soon come to the 
village of New Casco. which is on the old English model of one 
continous street, lineil with many condbiiabh- and several 
superior liouses besides a iaige iiali used for puldic purposes. 
Directlv von leave the villa<jre behind a view of Casco Bav 



236 hull's hand-book op Portland. 

opens before you and extends through the islands to Harpswell 
and even to Freeport and Brunswick. The whole distance is 
dotted with lovely islands of every shape and size and many 
species of shubbery and trees unsurpassed by any in the lake 
regions of old Engian d or New England. A. short distance by 
a road to the shore brings us to the famous Underwood Spring, 
of which the following is a brief history. 

The earlier Voyagers to the coast of Maine found a portion 
of the shores of Casco Bay guarded by a small remnant of a 
tribe called the Sekokis, who maintained a permanent camp for 
the possession and protection of a Spring that they considered 
their dearest heritage. 

Weymouth mentions in the journal of his voyages that he 
was permitted to fill his water casks from it. 

Marked and material testimony of the value these aborgines 
placed upon its waters, are the relics of their occupancy that 
are found in the immediate vicinity, principally in the great 
shell heap that they left, the antiquity of which is attested by 
the noble oaks that have grown to maturity on the soil that 
the elapse of centuries has formed on these pre-historic piles. 
Jonathan Underwood, a scion of the Underwoods of Dublin, 
was the first white settler that disputed with the Indians the 
right to the possession of their coveted Spring. They held on 
to it with tenacity, and as late as 1750 one of the sons of the 
original Maine Underwood was ambushed and slain under the 
trees that cover the shell heap. History has affixed the name 
Underwood to the Spring, the shell heap, the Cove that here 
indents the shores of the bay, and the Lodge that lies just ofl' 
the shore, and has thus robbed the poor red men, even of the 
honor of handing down to fame the most remarkable natural 
curiosity that Maine can boast. 

The Spring is without discoverable source, and with unvarying 
regularit}' — absolutely unaflected by either drought or freshet 
— delivers every twenty-four hours 200,000 gallons of the rarest 
and most valuable thing in nature, a chemically pure water. 

The arms of the family to which this old despoiler of the 



hull's haxd-kuoic of portlaxd. 237 

••roor Imliaii"' liel<inu'('il. Iiavc liccoiiic liniKtiis as tlir Trade 
Mark of the Corporation tlial aic uiakiiiu- an article of" commerce 
out of the "Great Spirit's" I'm- </]{] U) the sinijilc inlialiitants (tf 
])re-historic Maine. 

We now come to the dividiiiiz' line lietween the towns of 
Falmouth and Cuinl>erland originally ])art of" North Yarniouth 
from which it was set oflT in 1821. Several of the tinest 
sites at thi< point are the property of George Burnham and 
Alnion A. Strout, whose buildings are extensive with grand 
out-looks. ^[r. Burnham's house is on the road and ^Ir. 
Strout's nearer the shore where it is a prominent object of view 
from various i>oints. As we drive along we come upon two 
houses built in the same style, one of which is now occupied by 
the widow of the late Capt. Ephraim Sturdivant, who in his 
day was the loading business and ])ublic man of the town. 

Ascending a hill willi a gentle rise, a ])anorania is unfolded 
disclosing, if it is a clear day, a view of several villages and a 
wide extent of country reaching to the White ^lountains which 
often aj»]»ear not moic than twimty miles distant, though they 
are really seventy miles away in the northwest. Look seaward 
and Casco Bay lies spread out before you from Cape Elizabeth 
to Harpswell point, and enclosing over one hundred islands of 
fairest outline, most of thcni coniinu" fast into the possession of 
summer visitors and sojourners. This hill is the only point on 
the road wlK.'uce the White Mountains, Casco Bay and the 
Atlantic are all in plain sight at the same time. This grand 
outlook is easily secured by going to the top of the hill which 
is in the pasture at the right. Harry Brown used his brush 
with good effect a few years since in painting the outline of 
this hill at the fool of which on the shore of the bay. l\cv. |)r. 
Dalton. rector of St. Stephen's, has a cottage where he passes 
the sunnner season. The western sloj^e of the hill is owned 
and occupied by Mi. If. O. Conant. of Portland. From the 
Elms here to Yarmouth A'illage the road winds around another 
hill to the north, and all who have passed over it will agree in 
pronouncing it one of the most charming of all drives out of 



238 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

Portland, and equal to any in the world. About half a mile 
east of the village we pass the summer residence of Mr. J, E, 
Gilman of Portland. The house was two generations ago the 
parsonage of the old church and was occupied by Mr. Gilman's 
grandfather who was for many years the pastor of the church. 

YARMOUTH 

is a part of the old town of North Yarmouth from which it 
was separated in 184:9. North Yarmouth was first settled by 
William Royal in 1644. He purchased of Thomas Gorges the 
point of land on the east side of the river that bears his name, 
which was originally called by the Indian name "Westcustogo." 
The Royal family and other settlers were driven away by the 
Indians and the settlement abandoned. In 1684 President 
Danforth on behalf of Massachusetts granted the territory then 
called North Yarmouth to Jeremiah Dummer, Walter GendalL 
John Royal and John York, trustees, for the benefit of the 
town. This included what are the present towns of Yar- 
mouth, North Yarmouth, Freeport, Cuml)erland, Pownal, with 
some of the islands in Casco Bay. 

But a small portion of the original territory is found in the 
present town of Yarmouth. There are two villages in the 
town, the upper and lower. Ship building has formerly been 
an important industry at the lower falls village, but that has 
entirely ceased and the ship yards have gone to decay. There 
are some manufacturing establishments, at the lower falls a cot- 
ton mill, and at the upper village a pulp and paper mill. The 
Grand Trunk and Maine Central Railroads have stations here. 

Yarmouth is very pleasantly situated for a summer resort. 
Fronting on Casco Bay it has many fine locations for summer 
residences which command extensive views of the islands. 
Adjoining the main shore are Cousin's Island on which there 
is a good, comfortable hotel and boarding houses. Prince's 
Point on the E. side of Broad Cove has been laid out into 
cottage lots and a steamer makes daily trips there. Also the 
Freeport steamer stops daily at Cousin's and Littlejohn's 



HI'Ll/s HAND-BOOK OF PORTLAND. 23!> 

Ishiiid-. Ill the \ill;m'cs. iijiiicr and lower. IioihmI can 1)0 
olitaini'il at reasdiiahle ratCri. <>ii the wliolc VaniKiiilli lias 
attraction.s suHicicnt in inakf it a very dcsiralilc sninnici' rosoi't. 

i'i;ki:imii!T. 

At tlic lower village in Yarmouth the road crosses Royal's 
river and continues on to Freeport. A slioi-t distance l>eyond 
Cousin's Hiver the road i)rancheSj the lel't hand road continuing 
on to Freeport viliage, and the right going to South Freeport. 

The early history ofFrcoiiort is comprised in that of North 
Yarmouth I'roni which it was set otV in 1797. It was fonnei'ly 
called Ilarraseeket settlement. It sullered in the Indian wars 
and one of the most romantic stories of Chas. P. Isley in 
"Forest and Shore" is foundrd on one (d'thc incidents of those 
times. 

Free])ort River is a large bay extending up from the sea. 
The village of South Freeport is near the moiitli of the bay. It 
was formerly an im])ortant shi}) building place, but that industry 
has l)ecome paralyzed. Thei-e is now there a large packing 
establishment carried on by W. K. Lewis iV Co. of Boston. 
South Freeport is a very pleasantly situated \ illage for sunniier 
residents. Communication is had with Portland by i?teamers 
twice a day. Thei'C is no hotel here Imt there are many 
comfortable IxiardinL:' houses at which board can lie obtained at 
reasonable rates. 

Free]iort is mostly an agricultural town. Since its public 
spirited citizen, F. 15. .Malh'tt. .Ir., has bci^nn to in\('>t capital 
i'or the bciieht ol' the town and its citizens, there has been a 
boom in business matters. A larij-e shoe lact<try has been J)uilt 
at Freeport Corner, which gixcs einployinent to a laiiie nuniiier 
of its people. A hotel has been constructed and other improve- 
ments made and contemplated. Wolfs Neck, a point of land 
on Freeport River, has Iteen laid oin into cottage lots. The 
Maine Central l^iilioad has a station at Freeport Corner. 
which is lilteen mih's from Portland. Hy the steamer the 
distance from South Freeport is thirteen miles. 



240 hull's hand-book of Portland. 

brunswick. 

The next town adjoining Freeport on the east and the last 
of those of which we will give any description, is the old 
college town of Brunswick, the seat of Maine's principal 
university of learning. Brunswick was settled as early as 
1625-6, l)y Thomas Purchase. In 1632 he took from the 
council of Plymouth and also from the Indians, lands on both 
sides of the Androscoggin. The town suffered severely from 
the Indians. Fort George was built in 1715. 

Brunswick is now one of the most important towns in the 
State. The village is located on a sandy plain. A wide 
street a mile long on which are situated houses and stores, 
extends from the college grounds to the Androscoggin river. 

The college grounds are extensive and comprise old and 
modern buildings. This college has been famed for the eminent 
men who have graduated from it. Longfellow, President Pierce, 
Chief Justice Fuller, Sargent S. Prentiss, Nathaniel Hawthorne 
and many others who have obtained high distinction passed 
their collegiate life within its walls. 

The Maine Central Railroad passes through this town. The 
distance from Portland is 22 miles. 

That part of the town which is located on Casco bay has 
some fine summer residences. Mare Point which is on the east 
side ot Maquoit Bay is delightfully situated. It has been laid 
out into lots and many cottages built there. Gen. Chamberlain 
and others have cottages built there. 

The drives about Brunswick are very fine. The one down 
on Harpswell Neck to Potts" Point, twelve miles, along the high 
land of the Neck, gives very fine and extensive views of island 
scenery. Another fine drive is to cross the bridge to Great 
Island, which is the largest in Casco Bay, and on down to 
Cundiz Point having the New Meadows River and its beauti- 
ful islands on the east. 



APPENDIX, 



Richmond's Island of which mention is made on page 217, is one mile 
from the main land on Cape Elizabeth with which it is connected by a 
breakwater, forming a harbor of refuge for vessels. It is three miles in 
circumference and contains two hundred acres. Situated between Prout's 
neck and Cape Elizabeth it has one of the finest sea views on the whole 
coast, and affords many fine sites for summer residences. This island was 
in Its early history a center of business undi-'r the Trelawney occupation. 
It was the resort of fishermen along the coast, who came here to e.xchange 
fish for other commodities; and from here shipments of fish, staves and 
beaver skins were made to Europe. 'I'lic white settlers were often driven 
away by the Indians and their settlements destroyed. In May 1855 in 
ploughing up the soil on this island an earthern jug was turned up which 
contained a quantity of gold and sliver coin, of tlie reigns of Elizabeth, 
James I and Charles I of England, which had been buried for two 
hundred years or more. This island was in the possession of the Jordan 
family for many years. It is now owned by Hugh J. Chisholm. On it is 
the old farm house and some summer cottages. 

Diamond Cove — This famous Cove is one of the most attractive re- 
sorts anywhere in the vicinity of Portland. A century ago it was famed as 
a place where Portland's citizens were wont to go in old fashioned boats, 
and under the shadowy elms and wide spreading beeches, enjoy fish 
chowders and fried cunners fresh from their native element. This cove 
is at the \'. E. end of Diamond Island and is reached by the Steamer 
Isis, which makes nine round trips a day. 

Little Hog ok Diamond Isl.and is connected with the main island 
by a .sand bar, dry at low water. The west part of the island is high land 
and has on it many summer cottages, from which fine views of the harbor 
and ocean are to be had. Steamers make frequent stops at the landing. 
The Light House Department has a station and wharf here. 

Cai'E Elizabeth. — A line of omnibuses has commenced running from 

16 



242 APPENDIX. 

South Portland to Pond Cove eight trips a day each way connecting with 
the Ferry Boat Cornelia H. 

Ferry Lines. — There are two Ferry lines between the city and South 
Portland, viz : The People's Ferry Co. from Long wharf, steamer Cornelia 
H., and the PorUand and Cape Elizabeth Ferry Co. from Custom House 
wharf, steamer Josephine Hoey. 

Base Ball Club. — The schedule of games to be played by the N. E. 
League Clubs, as published on page 85, owing to the disbandment of the 
Portland Club has been withdrawn. 

Among the moneyed institutions of the city should be mentioned The 
Portland Trust Co., No. 57 Exchange street and The Portland Safe 
Deposit Co., No. 87 Exchange street. 

On page 13 line 2 should read "The site is now occupied &c."' 

On page 149 George B. Griffin should be Griflfeth. 

On page 218 in line 26 county should read country. 

On page 231 Oaklawn should be "Woodlawn.'" 



INDEX. 



Adams 93, 160, 166 

Agamenticus 46 

Alden 47. 49 167 

Alfred 3i. 43 

Allen's Coiner 11, 179 
Alna yj 

Alton Bay 43 

Anderson 138 

Andros 5 

Androscoggin River 28, 

32. 135 
Appleton 17, 53 

Aroostook war 16 

Associations 69, 70, 84, 

92, 114, 139 
Athenaeum 21 

Auburn 40, 216 

Aucocisco I 

Augusta 14, 17, 36. n. 

40, 52. 158 

Back Cove 2. 5 21, 26, 
62, 133, 165, 168, 169, 

173 
Bagaduce 16 

Bagnall 218 , 

Bainbridge 157 

Bangor ' 31, 34. 36, 4° 
Banks 13, 56, 67, 93, 

94, 118, 127, 131,144. 

145, 155, 158, 160 
Bankers 118, 125, 131 
Base Ball 85, 86 

Bath 36, 37, 40, 158 
Bar Harbor 39, 43 

Barnard 29 

Baudouin 4 

Baxter 97. 165, 211, 217 
Bays, etc., 182-205 

Beaubasin 214 

Belfast 33, 40 

Berwick 1 50 

Beverlv 29 

Black i'oynt 222 

Blackstrap 1. '79 

Blythe 47. 166 



Board of Health 91 

Board of Trade 138 

Boarding Houses 93, 97 
Bonvthon 226 

Bodge 35 

Boothbay 1,39, 83, 162, 

181, 213 

Borden 56 

Boston 3, 4, 8, 28, 2)2>'> 

36, 38, 41. 43, 81, 

114, 137, 144, 152, 

154, 214, 220, 223 

Boutineau 4 

Bowery Beach 179, 219 



Bowdoin 
liowne 






4 


Boxer 




13- 


l66 


lioyd 




56. 


176 


Bracket! 


3. 5- 


V' 


147, 


205 








Bradl)ur\- 


68, 


147. 


161 


Bradish ' 




'53' 


156 



Bramhall 4, 46, 47, 59 

60, 91, 147, 150, 152, 

153. 165, 173. 174, 

I7«, 
Bridges 24, 26, 48, 61, 

J33, 220, 230, 334 
Brown 114, 157 170 174, 

220 
Brunswick 28, 40, 68, 

179, 215 
Building Association 130 
Bucksport 40 

Burnham 156 

Burroughs 3, 4. 5. 56, 

143. 147. 157, 164 
Burrows 47, 166 

Bu/./.cll Hill 178 

Canals 28, 31, 32, 59, 

118 
Cape Cod i 

C.ipc Cottagj 179, 219 
Cape Lights 208. 219. 



Cape Eliz ibeth 1,3, 11, 
18.28, 42,48, 61,87, 

116, 133, 174, 208, 
218, 222. 241 

Capisic Falls 2 

C SCO 2, 3, 7. 205 

Casco Bay i, 2. 14, 28, 

32, 42.46, 180 — 217 
Casco Bay S. B. Co. 

206, 209, 218 
Cemeteries 2, 13 46- 

49, 51, 116, 161, 166, 

174, 179 
Cen'ennial Celebration 

50- 54 
Ch irles 156 

Chiriiable Associa ions 

91, 92, 117. 169. 174, 

176 
Chase 154 155 

Chicago 40 

Clii d 161 

Churches, etc. 10. 12. 

48, 62. 65. 81, 99 — 

117, 144, 153, 156, 
157. 161. 167, 168, 
169,171,173. 176,222. 
223, 231, 233, 237 

Churc!i, Major 3. 6 

Ci:y OtTfices 51, 53, 58, 

59' 7S. 79 
Clay Cove 24. 161 

Cleeve 2. 24, 47, 143, 
147. 163. 165, 207, 
218 
Cleeve and Tucker Mon- 
ument 165 
Clubs 69. 70, 81-86, 

171. 242 
Cobii 14. 150, I 55 

Coburn 91 

Coffin 9. 152. 153. 162 
Colby 152 

Congress Squire 112. 

171, 172 
Consuls 80 



244 



INDEX. 



Conway 31-43 

Coomlis 176, 216 

Coiser 35 

County Officers 79 

Courts and Comt 

Houses 4, 25, 51, 52, 

79, 80, 81, 1 12, 144, 

151, 159, 161 
Coves, itc. 182-206 

Crawford House 42, 43 
Ciimberl md 40, 213, 

214, 216 
Cuml'erland Mills 43, 

61, 179 
Cushing 218 

Custom House 10, 63, 

66, 79, 162 

Damaiiscotta 39, 117 
Danforth 4, 24, 174, 21 1 
Dash, Privateer 13 

Davis 4, 7, 150, 155, 

213 
Day 153 

Dearborn 156 

Dcering 2, 151 

Deering, Tnwn of 18, 

27, 133, 165, 230-234 
Diamond Island 2, 179, 

181, 208-210, 241 
Disiinguished Sons and 

DaughtcTs 147-149 
Distances 178 

Doane 148, 151, 153 

156 
Douglass 156 

Dow 17, 173 

Drives 220-225 

Dry Dock 220 

Duck Pond 233 

Dudley 235 

Dunstan, 225 

Durgin 213 

Eastcheap 93 

Eastport 57, 177 

Electric Lights 58, 59 
Elwell 62, 76, 208 

Ellsworth 106 

England 9 

Enterprise, Brig 106 
Erving 153 

Express Cos. 140, 141 



Falmouth i, 


3.8 


, 28 


Falmouth Fore 


side 


21 1 


Fanny Fern 


146, 


148 


Faimington 




40 


Fcssendcn 17, 


53. 


146, 


147 






Fish Point 20 


. 35. 


162 


Fisheries 




137 


Fort Allen 


13, 


143 


Fort Burrows 




143 


Foit Lawrence 




12 


Fort Loyall 


h 1, 


144 


Fort Preble 2 


0, 


178, 


216, 220 






Fort Scammell 


13. 


211 


Fort Sumner 12 


.153 


156 


Fosdi k 


150, 


157 


Fore River 


32 


, 60 


Fr.mce 




12 


Fr nconia 




38 


French 3, 


144, 


155 


Freeport 


217, 


239 


Fr\e ur^' 




43 


Gallishan 




156 


Oilman 




238 


Gas Lights 


58 


. 59 


Glasgow 




44 


Gloucester 




29 


Go.ges 2, 3, 


165, 


211 


Gorham 28, 32 


, 40, 


163 


GrantI Army 




144 


Griswold 




157 


Great Eastern 




164 


Graves' Hill 




60 


Greele 93, 


144. 


150 


Greenwood Garden 


206 



Fabvans 



42, 43 



Hacks 141, See Car- 
riages and Herdics 
HaL'gett's Hill 173 

Halifax 34, 35 

Hallo well 30, 150 

Halls 15, 65, 69,81,82, 
87-89, 103, no, 112, 
114, 145, 153-155. 
157, 160, 169 
Hancock 151 

Hanson 154 

Harbor 32, 104, 208 
Harpswell 179, 181, 213 

-217 
Hanington Bay i 

Harrison 32 

Headlands, etc 182-205 



Hebrews 113 

Heigoii, Mogg 223, 224 
Henry 157 

Herdics 140 

H rtel 6 

Hig i, s' Beach 222 

Hiram 87 

Historic Places 143 

Home. Aged Men 92 
Home. Aged Women 92 

176 
Horse Ra Iroad 24, 26, 

85. .159. ^11 

Hospitals 91, 92 

Hotels and Taverns 11, 

13. 29, 31, 55, 65, 

67,86,87,93-97, 144, 

145, 152, 154, 157- 

160, 169, 170, 177, 

206, 207 233, 

Hu sey's Sound 20, 211 

llsley 154, 156 

In ians3-9, 21, 93, 143, 

144. 163-166, 205, 

212. 218, 223. 224. 

Indian Cove 7 

Industries, Tr.ide and 

Manufactures 132— 

141, 174, 177 

Islands, viz : Bailey's 

181, 215, 217, Bang's 

II, 207, Che eague 

165, 179, 181, 213, 

214, 217, Cousin's 

179, 181, 217, Crotch 

214, Cusliing's 3, II, 
96, 164, 179, 181, 
206, 207, 216, Dia- 
mond 84, 216, 217, 
Elm, 215, Great 213, 

215, 216, Haskell's 
217, Hog 208, 209, 
Hope 179, 181, 212, 
214, 217, House 179, 

210, 216, 217, Jew- 
ell's 214, Littlcjohn's 
217, Long 21 1, 217, 
Mackworth's 165, 217 
M(,shi-;r"s 217, Orr's 
179, 215, 216, 217, 
Peak's 58, 205-207, 

211, 216, 217, Rich- 
mond's 218, 221, 
Turn.r's 229 



INDEX. 



245 



Isle of Shoals i 

Jack Downing 171 

Jackson 30 

Jameson 153 

Jenks 154 

Jews 1 13, 161 

Jocelyn 223, 224 



Kelloii- 
Kidd 




152. 155 

212 


Kenneljcc 




I, 6, 7, 2,7 


Kennebiin 


k 


29, 141 


Kirkwood 




222 



Knighis ot Pythias 72,88 
Knightvill'i 210 

Lancaster 31 

LaFayette 14, 82, 136 
Lake Ciiamplain 43, 153 
Lamoille Valley 36 

Larrabee 224 

Learned 157 

Levett I, 207, 20S 

Leu is ton 40, 216 

Lex ngton 9, 16 

Libby 158 

Libby's Corner 170, 179 
Libby's Neck 223 

Library, Public 67, 68 
Ligonia 87, 209 

Limington 125 

Lincoln 1 10, 156, 157 
Lincoln Park 168 

Liverpool 34, 135 

L'very Stables 140 

Longitude 178 

Longfellow House 145, 

170 
Longfellow Statue 69 
Long Creek 60 

Long Point 219 

Louisburg 8, 16 

Lovis 155 

Lunfs Corner 1 1, 27 



Market Si|Uire 76, 95 
Massacre Pond 223 

Masons 86, 87 

M ssai.hiisetts 3 

M.iy 150 

Mayors 15. 46, 48, 49 

78, 154, 176 
Merry Meeting Bay 6, 32 
Merrill 155 

Miitary 15, 19, 153-159 
Mogg 223 

Monie 156 

Monmouih 31 

Monroe 14, 157 

Montreal 34, 2>3^ 3^- 4°. 

44, 117 
M>. OS -head Lake 41, 42 
Moody 158 

Mori ill's Corner 26, 43, 

140, 179 
Mount Desert 38, 39, 

42, 117 
Moulton 222 

Munjoy 3- 

Musical Societies 89 

Navy, English 9 

Natural History Socie- 
ty 68 
New Casco 235 

New England 6, 41 
New Hampshire 8, 39, 

165, 173 

New Meadows River 6, 

240 
Newspapers 71-77 

New Orleans 176 

North Yarmouth 3 

Oak Hill 222, 225 

Observatory 21, 165. 

166. 178. 212 

Odd Fellows 87, 88 

Old Rooster 144 

Old Houses 145 

Old Orchard 41, 42, 43, 



Penoliscot i, 6, 33, ^y 
Pierce 155 

Pine (Charles) 224 

Pine Point 222, 224, 

22? 227 
Piscataqua i 

Polio.- 58, 78 

Pomroy'sRock 217 

Pond Cove 179, 219, 

220 
Pool 227 

Portland i- 

Port! nd Light 179, 208, 

22 1 
Port mouth 8, 29, 30, 

33^ 151 
PownalDoro 30, 238, 
Preble 9. 12, 47, 49, 

144-147, 154. 156, 

162 
Premiss 145, 153, 169, 

176 
Presumpscot 2, 31, 32, 

59, 165, 211, 233, 234 
Prince of Wales 164 
Prince's Point 179, 238 
Promenades 46, 49, 60, 

143, 144. 164,173,174 
Prout's Neck 174, 178, 

220, 225 
Public Buildings 50-57, 

63, 65, 67-69, 79, 82, 

86, 87, 160, 161, 216 
Purpooduck 62 



Machias 


39 


222. 224- 


■228 




Mails 


28 


Old Town 




40 


Maine 


I- 


Oxford Co. 




'4. 3' 


Maine C. M. 


Associa- 


Osgool 




^S7 


tion 53, 65, 


67. 154. 








170 




Paine 




150 


Mallett 


239 


Paris 




3' 


Mai .Chester 


86 


Parks 


6. 


49. 146 


MarbleJiead 


29 


Pease 




2,7 



Railroads 



27. 28, 



31, 32, 36, 39, 43, 
45, 94, 98, 133, 138, 
139. 141, 159, 173, 

177 222 22^ 227 

228, 230, 231, 234. 
238, 239, 240 

Rclorm School 233 

Restaurants 93, 97 

Rigby 2 

Rangeley Lakes 40, 42 

Rockland 39 

Ri.yals River 239 

Saccar..ppa43, 140, 179 
Saco loi, 225-227 

Salem 3 

Salmon Falls 6 

Sandv Point 26 



246 



INDEX. 



Saratoga 42 

Scarbc.ro 3, 28, 174, 

178, 222-225, 228 

Schcols and School 

Houses 57, 62-65, 7^' 

87, 104, 112, 116, 117, 

157, 158, 165, 167 

Schooter's Hill i 

Secret Societies 81, 86- 

89 
Seguin 166 

Sewers 24, 26 

Shipping 28, 43. 79 

Shirley 154 

Signal Service 79 

Siironton's Cove 220 
Skowhegan 40 

Societies 68, 69, 70, 88, 

92 
South Freeport 181, 239 
Southgate 103, 148, 225 
South Portland 88, 89 

216 
Stables 97, 140, 141 
Standish 32, 60 

Steamers and Steam- 
boats 28, 37-39, 44, 

79 

Stevtn's Plains 231 

Streets 2- 

St. John 177 
Stroudwater 29, 32, 60, 

61, 178, 230, 233 

Swanton 36 



Taber 155 

Tacony 19, 20 

Tate 152 

Taverns, See Hotels 
Tay'or 154 

Telephones 58 

Tempe pnce Organiza- 
tions 89 
Theatres 81, 82, iir, 

169 
Ticket Agents 140, 141 
Tow Boats 139 

Trade and Business 132, 

135 
Trelawnev 2, 218 

Transportation 28 

Tucker 2, 24, 143, 156 
Tucker and Cleeve Mon- 
ument 165 
Turnpike 153 

Tyng 4, 25, 47, 86, 147. 
172 

Undertakers 142 

Underwood Spring 236 
Un led States Olficials 
78, 79 

Vanceboro 40 

Vassalboro 40, y^ 

Veimont 14, 32. 36. 39, 
143 J 

Wailsworth 11 I 



Waldo 151 

Walks and Drives 159- 
177 



142 

58-61, 136 

31 

36, 70 
Seminary 



Wallace 
Water 
Waterford 
j Waterville 
Westbrcok 

229 
Wharves 26, 37. 44, 45, 

83, 97, 98, 162, 179, 

209, 216, 217 
White Head 179, 206 
White Mountains 31,32, 

36, 38, 42,233, 237 
Widgery 156, 157 

Willard 219, 220 

Wi lis 154 

Willis, N. P. 156 

Windham 28, 140, 233 
Winnock's Neck 223, 

225 
Winnipesaukee 43, 142 
Winter 2 

Wiscasset 30 

Wolfs Neck 239 

Woodfords87, 137, 140, 

230, 231 
Wood Island 166 

Yarmouth 40, 140, 179, 
216, 217, 233, 234, 

237-239 
York 46, 55 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 




Summer l/isitor3^ 

Will find in the iit-wlv jiuMislicd voluiiic of 

"THE POETS 0f MAINE" 

Many poems inspired by the heautiful scenery of the Slate, its tx^ld sea- 
shore, its wide forests, its mountains, lakes and rivers. It is a handsome 
octavo volume of 864 pages, and contains specimen poems from over 400 
verse-makers, with biographical notes of each author who is represented. 

John G. Whittikr, in a note to the publishers, dated June i, 1.S88, 
says: ''In turning over the pages of this collection one seems to hear 
the music of the pine and hemlock, the brooks and waterfalls of the 
Eastern State. I doubt if any other State in the union could make such 
a goodly show of verse." 

The book is sold by subscription, and orders can be sent by mail to 
the publishers. The prices are : Cloth, I3. 00 ; Gilt, I3. 75 ; Sheep. I5. 00; 
Half ^lorocco, J5.50: Full Morocco, fj.oo. Orders can be promptly 
filled. Address, 

ELWELL, PICKARD & CO., Pi;hi,ishf.r.s, 

Portland, Maine. 



^A VOICE' rPOM,^^ 

# PEAKS ISLANB, MAINE * 

'>^;Vt STUAITGERS %t><^- 

If \ on fvcr 1 (-jnic this way \isit 

-^]VIcIiitos>i's Biliary and Lr.ncl:i I^ocms.-:- 

BAKED BEANS AND BROWN BREAD. FISH AND CLAM CHOWDER BY THE 

PLATE. QUART OR GALLON. HOME-MADE BREAD. 

CAKE AND DOUGHNUTS. 

SUPPER OH BREAKFAST. 20 CENTS. 

Bread 5 and 10 cents a loaf. iJoughnuts 10 cents per dozen. Drop Cakes 
10 cents per dozen. Haked Beans 10 cents per plate. Loaf Brown 
Bread 10 cents. 6 Dinner Tickets ji.25. 21 Meals f4.rxj. 
^^'Meals Served at .All Hours of the Day. 

rT" Remember the Place and Name. 

# MCINTOSH'S, Next Door to the New Post Office, m 



ADVERTISENENTS. 

^PORTLAND STONE-WARE CO.^ 




Since the destruetiou of our Works in November last, we liave rebuilt and equipped 
our Factory with the most modern and improved maehincr)' and are now able to compete 
in quantity and quality, as well as price, with any similar company. Our manufactures 
are Vitrified Salt (ilazed Sewer and Drain Pipe, in sizes 3 to 24 inches, with Traps, Bends 
and all connections required. Salt Glazed Pipes are acknowledged by eminent engineers 
to be the best for seweraore purposes and will use no other. Our large pipes are used very 
largely fjr wells. Fire Bricks and Tiles of all th ' stand ird shapes, and any special pieces 
made to order. Our Vases for Cemeteries and Lawns are made fr m new and fresh 
Moulds with several new designs in shapes and d eor.itions. Send for circular. Wind 
Guards to make a smoky chimney draw. Ware for Chemical works of any size and 
articles of cl y made to order. Pulverized Fire C'l '.y and Bricli, Fire and Sea Sand, Kaolin, 
etc. We cordially invite all to visit our Wor.ks. 

Office and Factory, No. End Dearing Bridge, PORTLAND, ME. 






Steamer ''Enterprise," Capt. Alfred Race. 



On and after SATURDAY, M.\Y 5, 18S8, steamer will leave Franklin Wharf at 8.30 
a.m., every Tue.sday and Saturday, for Squirrel Island, Boothbay, Heron Island, South 
Bristol, East Boothl ay, Clark's Cove and Daniariscotta. 

Every Thursday at 8. 30 a.m., for Squirrel Island, Boothbay, Heron Island, South 
Bristol, East Boothbay and Pemaquid. 

Returning, will leave Damariscotta every Mondaj' and Wednesday at 7 a.m. for 
Portland and intermediate landings. 

Every Friday at 7 a.m. will leave Pemaquid for Portland and intermediate landings. 

Arriving in Portland about 2.30 p.m., connecting with Boston boats from 
Port/and. 

Through tickets sold on the boat to Boston. 

Positively no freight received after 8.15 at Portland on the day of sailing. 

Freight received and delivered by W. R. Bohanon on the wharf. 

A. MONTGOMERY, President. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 






THE#WRLDO 



^ 




•mr.-Ui'-tf-'iV^ 



situated on Little Chebeague Island in Casco Bav, six nnles from the City of Port- 
land. Acconjmodations for iso quests. • Parlor, Dining Hall, and all appointments and 
Furnishings of the house strictly first-class. Lighted with (".as. Pure Spring Water 
conducted to every floor. Superior facilities for Bathing. Sailing, Shore and Deep Sea 
Fishing. ' JOSEPH B. READ, Manager. 

Address— PORTLAND, MAINE. 

eenwoodghrden: 

This beatitiful grove contains several Complete Exhibitions. Zoolog- 
ical Garden, Aquarium, Aviary, Flying Horses, and Observatory. Larg- 
est, Coolest, and Best Appointed Restaurant in the Hay. (Fish Dinners 
a specialty.) These, together with the- M:Miiinotli OiKTa House, 

iJaiP Rof fo ©efigftf &N5erLjORe. 



^Steamers of the Casco Bay Steamboat Company^ 

Leave Custom House Wliarf, Portland, (.-vi-ry lialf liour, day and evening. 

30 Cent Round Trip Tickets 

Admit to all the Attractions. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 






MAIME S^TEAMSHIB G8. 

SEMI-WEEKLV LINE BETWEEN 



^ 
^ 



PORTLAND and NEW YORK, 




STEJ^V1MSHIF*« 



WINTHROP, 

CAPT. ALBERT BRAGG. 



ELEANORA, 

CAPT. JOHN BENNETT. 



Leave Franklin Wharf, Portland, every Wednesday and Saturday at 

6.00 p. m. 
Leave Pier 38, East River, New York, every Wednesday and Saturday at 

4.00 p. m. 



FARES (IN STATE ROOM,) 



Between Portland and New York, - - - . $.500 

Round Trip Tickets, allowing stop ouer at Martha's Vineyard, 8.00 

Between Portland or New York and Martha's Vineyard, - 4.00 
Round Trip Tickets from Portland or New York to Martha's 

Vineyard and Return, - - - - - 7,00 

Freight received and forwarded to and from all points South and 
West of New York and East of Portland. 

WM. G. DAVIS, Manager. 

J. B. COYLE, JR., Gen. Agent. - Office: Franklin Wharf, Portland. 

HORATIO HALL, Agent. - - Office: Pier 38 East Riuer, New York. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



Union Mntual Life Insurance Company, 

RORTI-HIND, TVYE. 

INCORPORATED 1848. JOHN E. DeWITT, President. 



Its Policies arc the most lihcral now offered to the public ; 
after three years they are Non-forfeitable, Incontestahle and free 
from all limitation as to Residence, Travel, Suicide or Occiipation, 
Military and Xaval Service excepted. 

Its j^lons are varied and adapted to all circinuslancrs. There 
is nothing in Life Insurance whicli it does not furnish ciieajdy, 
profitably and intelligibly. 

Send to the Company's Home Office, for publications 
describing its 

MAINE LAW CONVERTfBLE POLICY, CLASS A, 



1 per cent GUARANTEED BOND POLICY, CLASS A, 

and oi\\QY Forms of Bond Policies; also for panipldet explanatory 
of the Maine Son -for fit arc Lair, and for list of claims paid 
thereunder. 



TOTAL PAYMENTS TO POLICY-HOLDERS AND THEiR BENEFICIARIES 

$23,000,000.00. 



ARTHUR L. BATES, Secfy. J. FRANK LANG. Ass't Secfy. 

THOMAS A. FOSTER. M. D. Mtd. Director. HON. J. H. DRUMMOND. Counsel. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



The Best Place in Portland to Purchase Clothing 
and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods is at 

IT" 




482 Congress Street, Opposite Preble House. 

THE ATKINSON 

House Furnishing Company, 

WITH HE^^^.I3QXJ.A.I«TE^I«» A.T 

PORTLAND, MAINE, COR. PEARL & MIDDLE STS. 

Bangor, Rockland, Auburn &l Biddeford, 

Offer the strongest inducements to house furnishers, of any dealers 

in New England. Terms Cash or Installments, and a stock 

unequalled in the Country for variety and quality, 

embracing the latest styles in 

PARLOR SUITS, CHAMBER SETS, 

CARPETS, STOVES and RANGES. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



For Diamond Island and Diamond Cove. 

On and after MONDAY, June 11th, and until further notice, the 
STEAMER ISIS luill run as follows (Sundays excspted.) 

Leave Burham's Wharf at 6.00, 7.00, 8.45, 10.00 a. m. and 12.20, 2.00 
3.00. 5.00, and 6.15, p. m. Leave Casco Wharf, Diamond Island, at 6.30, 
7.40. 9. 15, 10.20 a. m. and 1.30, 2.30, 3.20, 5.45 and 6.45 p. m. 

The 10.00 a. m. and 3 p. m. trips will be made around the Island 
touching at Diamond Cove. 

LEWIS A. GOUDY, Manager. 

# W. D. LITTLE S GO.T^" 
ixstjraxcp: aoexcv 

31 Exchange St,, - Portland, Maine. 

Representing Assets over $25,000,000. 

w^ sTt ( ) R nAx & CO., 

— v->7 — .-^DEALERS IN^v^ — v*— 

.^ 8f)\p Stores a^d Q)3[)d\(^ry, <. 

l\ir()RTi;KS OF HAVANA CIGARS, 
102 Commercial Street, Portland. Me. 



1 »< >i^'ri.,x>:i> 

Cement Pipe & Stoie Co., 

M.imil.Kluif i> iiiulci lilt 

SEWER AND WELL PIPE, 

Pavements, and Various Stone Goods, 

^Agents for ART TILES of all kinds 

Oni« 21 Plan) Slwt, Works »ar Fnion Dfjhit, 
I^OteXUAXU, MLC. 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 

LE:iAz:is HOUSE, 

Pleasant Point, (or Birch Point) New Meaioius Riuer, Bath, Me. 

Seven miles from the city of Bath. Team will be sent to depot for patrons. 'Ihis 
Hotel is situated onthe banks of the New Meadows River and overlooking the ocean. 
Yachts can be had at the wharf. The river abonnds in fish of all kinds- A beautiful 
fresh water lake is near the Hotel also a good liathing beach. All these things, together 
with the beautiful scenery, combine to make the Hotel one of the best on the coast of 
Maine. Board Sioo per dav and upwards according to room. P. O. address, MRS. 
SARAH E. LEWIS, Bath, Maine, Box 511. 



•J. D. SCKTV^TVYMN'S?- 

232 Federal Street, - Near U. S. Hotel, - Portland, Maine. 

-^i- J. B- BROAaZN &t SONS, -i^ 
-:>.^^^ B A N K K RS ,^^;7<^ 

Dealers in Investment Securities. Sterling exchange drawn and let- 
ters of Credit issued available in all the principal cities of Europe. 



Telephone 357-X. ^1 Telephone 357-X. 

Wn^. E. G;vf?r & (;o.,k Wm. E, Sartsr & go, 



DE.^LERS IN 



PaperMata«,Rope,Metals,P^tsF«''SaleaDdt0Let, 

;jjij^ Row and Sail Boats to let by the 

Chains and Ancliors, Marine Hardware .^hour, day or week, pirst-ciass 
Canvas Coverings, etc. A boats and good landing. 

4 Portkrd Pier, Portland, pie. f 4 Porilaiiil Pier, Portland, le. 
TENNEY & DUNHAM, 

Manufacturers, Jobbers and Retailers of 

Pieced, Stamped and Japanned Tinware, 

and Kitchen Furnishing Goods, 

12 &, 14 Exchange St. : Portland, Me. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Ijrappielors 6[ [lolels dr)el ]ooarGlir)q Houses al Iqz 1 sldrjas <ar)!a 
vicir)ily 6J norIlar)cl, c<ar) Oa\/e fjioqcy ar^d act il)e kesf 

Meats, Vegetables, Groceries and Fruits 

* « « J^y • Ueeivirjq Iheir • Urcadrs • df « « <; 

CENTRAL : NIARKET, 

35 & ;^c) Free Street, Portland, Me. 

GOODS DELIVERED TO ANY PART OF THE CITY PROMPTLY 

AND WITHOUT EXTRA CHARGE. 

Casco Bay Steamboat Cunipany, 

TJ. S. ^v^ail a-nci E2cc-u.rsioxi. XjirLe. 
iu-:twi:i:x 

JjorllaRd aRcl the J,slan.ds of tas« 



:0 . jau 



This company ofTcrs unrivaled facilities for transportation to Teak's, Ciisliinf^s, 
Little Diamond, Great Diamond, I.onR, and many other islands by their new and hand- 
som e fleet of steamers, consisting of the 

FOREST CITY, FOREST QUEEN, EMIT A. 

CADET, EXPRESS, MARY W. LIBBY. 

Dnriiig the summer months a Regular I-crry is established, lca\Tng the City nearly 
every haU hour. 

This line Runs in Direct connection with Greenwood Garden and all other amuse- 
ments on I'eaks Island, and tickets may be purchased with coupons adniittinR to them. 

Special Kates of Transporation for Picnics. Cottagers. Campers and others. 

C. \V. T. r.oniNG, CtKN-. agent. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



•• UN ION •HOUSE •• 

MRS. E. A. JONES, Prop. PE^.KS ISLAND, MAINE. 



This hoii=e is most pleisantly located thr-e miles from Portland. Pleasure steam- 
ers running: hourly to and from the city. A fine view of Casco Bay and its Islands can 
be had from the piazzas of the house, and there is every facility for Boating, Bathing 
and Fishing. Parties are daily for.ned among the guests for Deep Sea Fishing. 

"And the pale health seeker findeth there, 
The wine of life in its pleasant air." 

"~>^WRITE FOR TERrvlS.>C_ 

William W. Ruby, 




-^ Ladies and Gentlem.en, ^f>~ 

Nos. 21, 23 and 25 Pearl St., - Portland, Maine. 

^. PEAKS ISl^AND MOTJSK.-^ 

fe'^lics Isl^xx<rl, ^Xsiirx^. 

'Will Open June 20, for 'rrar:isient and Permanen-t Boarders. 

Have also a large number of pleasantly located Cottage rooms with 
table board at the House. 

Excursion parties served with Shore Dinners, at short notice. 

Have also leased, enlarged and newly furnished the Restaurant at 
Greenwood Garden, which will run in connection with the House, 
where Shore Dinners and Clam Bakes will be made a specialty, and 
served Daily. 



Ho, r'or -tlxo Xsl^.xxds. 

Take the Handsome, Safe, Convenient and Swift-Sailing. 

^^STEAfflER SREENWOOD^N: 

(designed by the famous "Burgess") for Trefethen's and Jones' Landings and Green- 
wood Gardeii, Peaks Island, Portland Harbor. The Greenwood makes almost hourly 
trips, starting from Bnrnham's Wharf next to Boston Steamers, and is the first and 
only steamer in Maine Waters lighted bj' "Electricity." The 'incandescent sj'Stem" 
is used, which affords a brilliant and safe light, and doing away with the smell, smoke, 
and dangei" of kerosene or oil lamps. 

BYRON C. DEAN, Captain. 

F. M. WEBBER, Clerk. F. N. WEEKS, Man. & Treas. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



Old OrchaFd (Steamboat Company. 

I rains on the Orchard Beach Railroad from 

Old Orchard and inlermediate stations, connect at 
Camp Ellis with the steamer 

lor Saco and liiddetord Pool. For particulars see 
R. R. and Steamer time tables. 



.H,QTELSi 



AT SCARBOBO BEACH. 

Atlantic IIor.sK, S. B. Gunnison 

KiRKwooi) IIoi.sE, Otis Kai.kh 

AT PKOUT'S NECK. 

Checkely House, Ira C. Fos.s 

West Point House, . . . . Mrs. H. A. Libhv 

Ocean Cottacje, J. M. Kai.eu 

Sea View Housi:. 

Pi!.. its Xeck House, E. Seavey 

("ammock Hou.se .... Mrs. S. J. Lnnn- 

AT PINE 1»01NT. 
Pine Point Hoise, . . - - M. F. Mii.i.iken 

Si'oirrsMAN's House, 1- ^\'- I'im-sbukv 

Ilooi-EH HorsE, ----- Mus. H. Hooper 
P>AKKK House, ----- - 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



U/ieei/^/T) 8. JI^^p^Sf^Efl, prop. 






Ifoonjs and '^oarJ by the dau or isveelf, 

^ccommcdatioqs for forty "persons, 
©ne of the finest situations in (oasco '^aa. 

'^oats for rowing and fishind. ^alt water bathiqd. 

^PRINTERS> 

d0<§ Mi^c^Pe 3t., - portfar^I, Me. 



,^ BOOK AND MaSie PRINTING r^ 

-^>> — ^>> A. SPECIALTY, ^v" — V-— 

» • /ill -Qirjas ■ oj • Job • lfpir)fir)q ■ l^roipptW • leJorje • arjcl • * 

ft • ©afistctciior) • (Eruariar^fcea. ■ ft 

« • VH e ■ also iTjarjujdefurc ■ arjA car) • |uFr)isI) • erll • nir)ds • o| • * 
• • r^ulaJaep • ©}dir)ps • Top Qr)y • purpose. ■ • 

CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. ESTIMATES FURNISHED. 



ADVRRTISEMENTS. 



llarpswell Steamboat Co. 

- Steamer "Merryconeag," - 

AND THE 

Steamer "GORDON," 

//•/// during the season, run on the route between 
Orr's 1st and, bailey's Istand, Harpswetl J^eck\ 
and Porttand, stopping at Long Istand, Littte 
CJiebcague, Hope Istand and Great Chebeague, 
(ttiree tandings). Four trips a day or two round 
trips witt be made between Porttand (tearing Cus- 
tom House WiiarfJ and tfie above points, except- 
ing Sundays. For particutars see time tables and 
daily papers. 



^r FalmQcith « Fore^ide « Line. ^ 



•J 



;/■/// run between Portland, from Custom House 
Wharf, and Fatmouth Forcside, touching at inter- 
mediate tandings, making si.r trips a day or three 
round trips, excepting Sundays. -See time tables. 

HENRY P. DEWEY. Piesideol ISAIAH DANIELS. Treas, & Man 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




'•"•Cj-iZfcTJ'X' 



PORTLAND OBSKRVATORY! 

NO STRANGER should leave the city without visiting the Observatory on Munjoy 
Hill. From the Cupola may be seen the entire city, the ocean to the horizon, CASCO 
BAY with its Islands, the White Mountains 80 miles distant, and with the powerful 
TELESCOPE mounted in the Cupola, objects 30 miles distant in every direction may 
be distinctly seen. The views here are said to be unsurpassed in beauty and variety 
by any m the world. 



•^•STTVTR. f PHKNXOTVY-i^ 



m EXGaRSIONS EVERY BAY ^ 

(SUNDAYS EXCEPTED) 

r:::iTo Freeport, Cousin's, Littlejohn and Great Chebeague Islands 1:^ 

Leave Burnhatn's Wharf, Portland, at lo a. m., and 5 
Leave So. Freeport, at 7. a. m. and 2 p. m., touching at the above 
named islands. Carriages in attendance on arrival of the boat at South 
Freeport. H. B. SOULE, Agent, So. Freeport. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



5f?^ /T\ai9(^ Q(^r7tral l^ailroad. 

On the 25tli of June the R-gular Summer Schedule will go into Effect, 
when train serxicc will still I'ur'her he iiicri^.ised, and tlie now famous 

BOSTON AND MOUNT DESERT LIMITED, 

Entirely vt Pullman X'esiibule Cars, which has so revolutionized the train 
service of New England with its (at that time), longest run in the world 
without a stop, demonstrating to its citizens that just as good trains could 
be run in this section of the country as any other — and this was a little 
better; and the success of which inspired the "New York and Jacksonville 
Limited" this winter, will again be placed on the route, as well as the 
usual Bar Harbor Express trains, running about as follows : 

SERVICE IN EFFECT JUNE 25th, 1888. 
TO BAR HARBOR. 



Local. Limited. Express. 


N 


ght Express. 


I-eave Bo8tiin, 1 AVcst. Liv. 9.15 a. ra. 8.31 a. in. 




6.0U p. m. 


via. Boston c>i Maine R. R. ) East. Div. O.tin " 




7.00 " 


eave l*<r,lan(l, ..... 7.00 a.m. 12.1.5 p. m. 1.15 p.m. 




11.30 " 


..rrive Bantcor, ----- 1L.5I) " 3.40 " .n.2 1 " 




5..30 a. m. 


,eave Banj^or, . . - . i.:5i) p. m. 3.4(t " 5 2-i " 




5.45 " 


urive Lar Harbor, - - - 4.10 " 5.5 > " 7.45 " 




8.15 " 


FR03I BAR HARBOR. 






K.xinrss. Limited. Flyinir Yankee. 


N 


igbt Express. 


>eave Bar Harbor, - - - 5.50 a.m. 7.20 a.m. 10.3ila. in. 




4. .io p. m. 


Arrive Baniror, - - - 8.'-5 " 9 .30 " 1.1.^ p. ui. 




7.45 " 


Leave Banuor, - - • - S/H " '.1.30 " 1.40 " 




8.110 " 


Arrive Portland, - - - 12.35 p. m. 12.45 p.m. 5.30 " 




1..J0 a. m. 


Arrrive Bo<ron, - - - o."0 " .3..5'i " 9 .30 " 




C.-O " 



It will be .seen that trains from Boston to Bar Harbor do not leave until 
after the arrival of trains tVom New York by Rail and Sound, and trains 
via Worcester, Nashua and Rochester Division of Boston & Maine con- 
nect witii the Bar Harbor Express, but not the Limited. In returning 
fiom Bar Harbor the Limited will reach Boston in season for 4.30 train 
Boston to New York, arriving at 10.30 p. m., enabling a passage through 
from 

BAR HARBOR TO NKAV YORK IN ONK DAY I 
And this connection will also be arranged via Worcester. The Limited 
will also this season run via Danville Junction in going to and returning 
from Bar Harbor, in order that the travel to and from 

r»oi^^vivi> j«s;i»i-ei:v<^js 

May have the advantage of its splendid .service. The near completion of a 
new highway between Danville Junction and that place, rendering this 
route as accessible as any — four daily trains in addition to the Limited 
rimning between Portland, Danville and Lewiston, three making connec- 
tions from and to Boston. 

The \'estibule Cars for the Limited arc to be in grand condition, with 
every comfort inside, and an entirely new style of ornamentation on the 
outside. Two entirely NEW DINTNC. CARS are to run on the train. .All 
other trains, however, will stop for .Meals, (with ample time for same), at 
the New Union Station in Portland. — excepting such as from running time 
of trains are accommodated at Bangor. 



ADVERTISEMEXTS. 

iVlalne Central Railroad. 

THe ReST'TXURT^ISX 

At the elegant new Union Station in Portland will be in charge of Mr. 
Albert C. Dam, formerly connected with the Union Square and Hotel- 
Dam, New York City, and it is safe to say will be all that can be desired. 

For points in Frenchman's Bay, Sorrento, Winter Harbor, South 
Gouldsboro, Lamoine, Hancock Point, Sullivan, Sec, Steamers will make 
trips at convenient hours, and for Seal Harbor, North East Harbor and 
So. West Harbor Steamers will connect, commencing early in June, with 
trains arriving at Bar Harbor in morning, and return in season for 
passengers to take night train, and will make trips Sundays during July 
and August. 

If a water trip is preferred it should be made via the Portland, Mt. 
Desert & Machias Steamboat Co., of which line the 

Capt. Wm. E. Dennison, leaves Portland every Tuesday and Friday, at ii 
p. m., or on arrival of trains leaving Boston at 7-00 p. m., for Rockland, 
Castine, Sedgwick, (Sargentville), Deer Isle, South West Harbor, No. 
East Harbor, [From June 15th to Sept. 13th.] Bar Harbor, Millbridge, 
Jonesport and Machiasport, connecting at Rockland with steamers for 
Penobscot River Landings. 

Jt^Passengers for Millbridge, Jonesport, and Machiasport can Iso 
procure tickets for 7.00 p. m. train from Boston on Tuesdays and Fridays, 
via all rail line to Bar Harbor, and take Steamer there. 

Passengers by rail to Rockland take day trains and remain in Rockland 
over night, taking Steamer Wednesday and Saturday mornings. 

State Rooms can be secured of Samuel Gray, Agent, 306 Washington 
Street, Boston, or on application to the General Passenger Agent at 
Portland. 

RETURNING. — Leaves Machiasport every Monday and Thursday at 
6.00 a. m., touching at Jonesport and Millbridge, and connecting at Bar 
Harbor with Maine Central Railroad, thence proceeding to Portland, 
leaving Bar Harbor at 11.30 a. m. via all landings; arriving in Portland 
to connect with early morning trains for Boston and the West. 

Going East. — Leave Portland 11.00 p. m., Rockland 6.00 a. m., Castine 
8.00 a. m., Sargentville 9.00 a. m.. Deer Isle 9.30 a. m.. South West 
Harbor 12 noon. Bar Harbor i.oo p. m., Milbridge 3.00 p. m., Jonesport 
4.00 p. m., arrive at Machiasport 6.00 p. m. 

Going West. — Leave Machiasport 6.00 a. m. Jonesport -7.30 a. m., 
Millbridge 9.00 a. m.. Bar Harbor 11.30 a. m., South West Harbor i.oo 
p. m., Deer Isle 3.00 p. m., Sargentville 3.30 p. m., Castine 4.45 p. m. 
Rockland 7.00 p. m., arrive at Portland 2.30 a. m, 

Any other information cheerfully furnished on application. 

Note. — A new edition of "Bar Harbor and Mount Desert Island,'" com- 
piled by Dr. W. B. Lapham, of Augusta, will soon be ready for distribu- 
tion. Parties desiring a copv can have same mailed to any address on 
application to this office, and enclosing four cents in stamps for postage. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



TVla^iiie Ceiitrnl R<ail re )ric 1. 



is the Great Thoroughfare of Maine, reaching all the principal cities and 
towns in the State, aud is the connecting link t)et\veen the United States 
and the Maritime I'rovin ces. Its lines cross and in many places run along 
the banks of and lead to the headwaters of the Androscoggin, KennebeC' 
and Penobscot Rivers, and their great reservoirs, 

as well as to many other noted Hunting and Fishing Resorts in Maine, 
and, in connection with the New Brunswick Railway, to St. John and to 
all of the Lakes and Rivers reached by that road, — thus leading to more 
Resorts of this kind than any other line in the country. By this line also 
all of the resorts on the Coast of Maine and the Provinces are reached, of 
■which at the head stands 

•^i-TVYOUMT DESERT.!^ 

In addition to other trains to and from Bar Harbor and the Provinces, 
it is over this line for 250 miles the FLYING YANKEE runs, reducing 
the time between St. John and lioston to 15 hours, and the Boston and 
Mt. Desert limited, which has received the sobriquet of the "Cyclone." 
making a run of 300 miles in 500 minutes, 137 of which, between Bangor 
and Portland, is without a stop, or one of the longest runs in the world, 
and it may be said these two trains have done more to bring Maine and 
the Provinces before the public than anything heretofore accomplished. 
Finest Pullman Cars on Principal Trains, both Butfct and \'estibule. 

The Portland, Mt. Desert, and .Machias Steamboat Comjiany. between 
Portland, P>ar Harbor and Machiasport is also under same management- 

I'liE gl'E^IIVIEI^ erfy op I^IGjijVIOJ^D 

leaving Portland every Tuesday and Friday at 11 p. m.. or on arrival of 
train leaving Boston at 7 p. m. Returning, leaves .Machiasport at 6 a. m.. 
and Bar Harbor at 11.30 a. m., every .Monday and Thursday. 

Tickets are procurable at all the principal ticket-offices throughout the 
country. Boston & .Maine or .Maine Central P'olders give full particulars 
as to train-service, and for further inNirmation write the (General Passenger 
Agent, at Portland. 

PA YSON TUCKER. General Manager. 

F. E. BOOTHBY, General Passenger Agent. 



ADVERTISENEXTS. 



BOSTON & vToRCESTER 

TO 

THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 

THE GREEN MOUNTAINS, 

MONTREALAND QUEBEC, 

WINNIPESAUKEE, MEMPHREMAGOG. 
RANGELEY (Si MOOSEHEAD LAKES, 

PORTLAND, AUGUSTA, BANGOR, 

BAR HARBOR, MOUNT DESERT, 

ST. JOHN AND HALIFAX. 

If you are contemplatiui;; a Trip to the 

M^'W l&nfglunA Sm^tnc^r M^u^stu 

vSend for the following publications, issued by the Boston & Maine 
R. R. The most Elaborate and Expensive ever Issued. 

"DOWN EAST LATCH STRINGS." 256 Pages. 70 Illustrations. Sent on 

Receipt of 15 cents in Postage Stamps. 
"MOUNTAIN, LAKE AND VALLEY/' 150 Pages. 40 Illustrations. Sent on 

Receipt of <S cents in Postage Stamps. 
"WINNIPESAUKEE & ABOUT THERE." 75 Pages. 20 Illustrations. Sent 

on Receipt of S cents in Postage Stamps. 
"SEA-SHORE, LAKES & MOUNTAINS." 28 Pages. 25 Illustrations. Sent 

free on application. 
"BOSTON & MAINE EXCURSION BOOK. Giving Routes, Rates, Hotel and 

Boarding-House List, etc., etc. 75 Pages. Sent free with either of 

the above. 

Address Passenger Department, Boston & Maine R. R., Boston, Mass. 

JAMES T. FURBER, Gen. Manager. 

D. J. FLANDERS, Gen. Pass. Agent. 

M. L. WILLIAMS, Gen. Agent. 



.\l>\ KRTISKMKNTS. 
I'< >l-0 I'l 115- 




FRYEBURG, NO. CONWAY, JACKSON, 

GLEN HOUSE, CRAWFORD HOUSE, 
FABYAN HOUSE, BETHLEHEM, 

SUMMIT OF MT. WASHINGTON, 
JEFFERSON, PROFILE HOUSE, 
>\#The Favorite Route is viai 

Portland & Ogdensbur 

"riir<)iiglT. tlie Xotcli. 

The Short Line from Portland 

ST. JOHNSBURY. MONTFELIER, BURLINGTON, 

ST. ALBANS, LAKE CHAMPLAIN, SARATOGA. 
MONTREAL, OGDENSEURG &l NIAGARA FALLS. 

DMiLv excuRsiorss 

Can ))f made from I'orlland to various points anionij the White Mount- 
ains, with ample time between trains, for drives and rambles throu),'h the 
famous scenery of that rej^non. returninj^ to rorll.md same afternoon. 
Three Trains Each Way Daily--Betiveen Portland and Fabya ns. 

T.vo Trains Each Way Daily— Bjtwsen Portlani and Montreal. 

One Train Each Way Daily— Between Portland and Niagara Falls. 

V.MU.UR C.\RS. — On day trains lietween Tortland and Montreal; also 
between Portland ami I-abyans. 

.SI,i:i-:i'ING CAR."^.— On ni>,'ht trains to .Montreal ami on train run- 
ning through to Niagara Falls. 

All trains arrive at and depart frr>m the New Inion I'assenger Station 
iu Portland where close connection is made with all throuirh tr.iins of 
Maine Central and Boston & Maine R. Rs. 

For particulars as to trains, connections etc.. please consult time tables 
issued bv P. iS:. O. R. R. or address 
J. HAMILTON, Supt. CHAS. H. FOYE. C. T. A. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



portla9d 9 I^oel7^ster 



RTXIl-ROT^D--- 



llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll>llllllllllllllllllllillllli|llllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllll|{||!llllllll!l|i|lllllllllllllllll 



w 



# 



IIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll 

->^THE POPULAR ROUTER 



iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiieiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii 



-TO- 



Manchester, Concord, Nashua, Lowell, Worcester, 

SPRINGriELB. ^ PHILADELPHIA, 

♦<NEV YORK 



r--- 



BALTIMORE. •t® 

AND 



WASHINGTON 



• Tfll^O^Gtl l?aLL^J\J^ SLEElPIJvIG C^m 

RUN DAILY (except Sundays) BETWEEN 

BAR HARBOR AND WASHINGTON WITHOUT CHANGE 

Via Worcester and Steamer Maryland Route. 



l^=»Ticlsets at all IPrirj-cipal Ticlset Offices. 
DEPOT IN PORTLAND, FOOT OF PREBLE ST. 

J. W. PETERvS, SuPT 



.MiVKRTISKME.VTS. 



roRTi.AXi) sti-:am PACK1-T CO.'S 

Portland & Boston Steamers 



'I'lci^ici »i i< >>: !•: 'is>-^v. 




DAILV LINK. 



^^^■nAYs i".xcKrii:ii.) 



Thp Favorite Steamer 



Thr Eh (jant New Steamer 



JOjipl BR00l(g o^TI^E]Y[OJ^-l' 



lo ( )ii<>litr i>l, ;il 7 J). 111. 
I'ranklin Wharf, i'orllaml. 



Will k-ave Indii Wharf, lioslon, .\]n\\ i>l. 
October isl to April ist, at 5 p. 111., and 
throu.ijhout the vear. at 7 p. in. 

i«iTrvi>.v>' 'rwii>«. 

I'rom middle of June to inicldle ot s<.]'li!ii''tr, the steamers will leave 
►*"■ l?oston and Portland everv Snndav eveninirat S o'clock. 

Staterooms can he secured in advance. 1'rei.i.rht rales low. with promjjt 
despatch. Throuyh tickets can he obtained at all principal R. R. sta- 
tions in the State of Maine. T^o^se Cars from l"nion I'assen.i^er ."Station 
run to steaiiiersdock. Baeeace checked Throuj^h. 

J. B. COYLE, Manaaer. ' J. F. LISCOMB, Gen. Agt. 

C3-ener3.1 Offices, lE^crtland., l^I.e. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



Ipt^ri^atioi^al Steafnjl^ip 



*THE FAVORITE ROUTE TO* 

Eastern Maine and the Maritime Provinces. 




From May to December the elegant vSteamers "Cumberland" and 
"State of Maine" leave Commercial Wharf. Boston, at 9 a.m., and Rail- 
road Wharf, Portland, at 5.30 p.m.. every Monday, Wednesday and 
Friday. From December to May leave Mondays and Thursdays only. 

From May to November the steamer "New Brunswick" leaves Com- 
mercial Wharf, Boston, at 8.30 a.m. for Digby and Annapolis, Nova 
Scotia, direct. 
J. B. COYLE, Manager. E. A. WALDRON, Gen. Fgt. d Pass. Agt. 



LBJe'19 



Sta9dard * ?lotl7i9(;5 * Qo. 



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Dealing Strictly in Fine and Medium Grades 
of Ready Made Clothing. 

We buy our Woolens direct from the best mills in this country and 
Europe, and manufacture in our own workshops, every <rarnient we ofler 
for sale. We show exclusive designs and styles in CLOTHING not to l>e 
found elsewhere. Buying of us you get your goods from first hands, 
thus saving all middle men's profit. 

ISoLjx^' ani. ©ftiPc|7en'<^ ©Potfting 

a specialty. We guarantee ALL our garments to be perfect fining and 
well made. 

->5^ Strictly Ooe l^rice. ^ 

^tapdard Qotl7i9(^ ($o., 

225 Middle St., : Portland, Me. 

Head(}uarters. >LTiuilarturing aiid Wholesale Rooms, 



m—i^- ESTABLISH^ 



D 1S39. -w—f^ 






printers & publisl^i^rs, 



^i^^ 



^ 
^ 



97 1-2 Exchange & Uns Market Sts 



liviC-A-iisrE.'. 



EFerj {^ind of /Merca.Btile, Steamtot ai,i feilroad W 



BROWN THURSTON. 



on. 

GEO. H. WATKIN.-,. 



■"^^s^E ^=>-crBiL,zsia: 



A^^ILLBT'S ANTISLAVEBrlllSTORV, li iu p;'''l,f- ^^ ^"^'^"' ''" "" ' ^"■• 

, PouTLAND CiTT Directory, ADDual, ii-'-^'- - - ■ ■ - 

Crawford's White Mountains, 228 pn 111 """""" " 
Thurston <;enealogies, (50U pp., by miil '' '""""■ 

Greene's Questions IN Surgery, .' ^" ' " " " ' " 

York Deeds, 4 vo;.s., per vol., -' ..*''"" " 
York Wills, 1 vol. [in press],' ... ' ' " ' ■ " 

The Stanley Family, 332 pp., m.. 




$4.0. 

i.r,') 

2.0i) 
2.5.: 
1.5;t 

l.,K) 
5.00 
.5.00 
3.00 



- ^^^'^^'^" ^'°^f^ comprises four volv:a^s 
of the ancient records of tke Iprovince of 7^ 
to I6g§, each volu 
pa^cs. ^vblisked under the direction of the 



[aine, from 'Kd^q 
lime containind from si;^ to seoc 



.^^Malne cHix^toricaP §ocief^,i^ 

^ "'" ^'^P^^'^^: --■:^' ^ half sheet, and njau be ha. of 
publis'qer, price §§.QG a volume. 



Jo'?9 T- '?^IK B. 7l7urst09 9 (?o., 



^ 

^ 



^ 



013 995 766 



